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- Camerer, Colin, et al.
(författare)
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Correspondence : Are Cognitive Functions Localizable?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Perspectives. - : American Economic Association. - 0895-3309 .- 1944-7965. ; 27:2, s. 247-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Helena M., et al.
(författare)
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Elite female soccer players perform more high-intensity running when playing in international games compared with domestic league games
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1064-8011 .- 1533-4287. ; 24:4, s. 912-919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to compare movement pattern, fatigue development, and heart rate (HR) for top-class elite female players when playing international (INT) vs. domestic league games (DOM). Video-based time-motion analyses and HR recordings were performed on 17 players during INT and DOM. The distances covered in high-intensity running (HIR) and sprinting were longer (p < 0.05) in INT compared with DOM. More (p < 0.05) HIR was covered in INT than DOM during first and second half. Additionally, more (p < 0.05) sprinting occurred in INT compared with DOM in the first half. In both game types, the amount of HIR was reduced by 24-27% (p < 0.05) in the last 15-minute period compared with the first four 15-minute periods of the game. The midfielders covered longer (p < 0.05) distances with HIR in INT than in DOM over the entire game and in the most intense 5-minute period of the games, whereas no differences were observed between the game types for defenders. No difference in the HR response was found between INT and DOM. In conclusion, more HIR and sprinting occur in international compared with domestic games, which may affect the fatigue development for players in physically demanding roles. Thus, our results are important to coaches to prepare players to meet the challenges of international soccer games and show that the ability to perform intense intermittent exercise should be trained regularly in elite female players.
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| 3. |
- Bech, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Results from the first preclinical CT scanner with grating based phase contrast and a rotating gantry
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Workshop on X-Ray and Neutron Phase Imaging with Gratings. - : AIP. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. - 9780735410725 ; 1466, s. 130-136
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- After successful demonstrations of soft-tissue phase-contrast imaging with grating interferometers at synchrotron radiation sources and at laboratory based x-ray tubes, a first preclinical CT scanner with grating based phase contrast imaging modality has been constructed. The rotating gantry is equipped with a three-grating interferometer, a 50 watt tungsten anode source and a Hamamatsu flat panel detector. The total length of the interferometer is 45 cm, and the bed of the scanner is optimized for mice, with a scanning diameter of 35 mm. From one single scan both phase-contrast and standard attenuation based tomography can be attained, providing an overall gain in image contrast.
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| 6. |
- Krarup, Anne L., et al.
(författare)
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Randomized clinical trial: inhibition of the TRPV1 system in patients with nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease and a partial response to PPI treatment is not associated with analgesia to esophageal experimental pain.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 48:3, s. 274-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objective. Many patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) have insufficient relief on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Some patients have a hypersensitive esophagus and may respond to transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) antagonists. Aim. To investigate the effect of the TRPV1 antagonist AZD1386 on experimental esophageal pain in NERD patients. Material and methods. Enrolled patients had NERD and a partial PPI response (moderate-to-severe heartburn or regurgitation ≥3 days/week before enrolment despite ≥6 weeks' PPI therapy). Fourteen patients (21-69 years, 9 women) were block-randomized into this placebo-controlled, double-blinded, crossover study examining efficacy of a single dose (95 mg) of AZD1386. On treatment days, each participant's esophagus was stimulated with heat, distension, and electrical current at teaching hospitals in Denmark and Sweden. Heat and pressure pain served as somatic control stimuli. Per protocol results were analyzed. Results. Of 14 randomized patients, 12 were treated with AZD1386. In the esophagus AZD1386 did not significantly change the moderate pain threshold for heat [-3%, 95% confidence interval (CI), -22;20%], distension (-11%, 95% CI, -28;10%), or electrical current (6%, 95% CI, -10;25%). Mean cutaneous heat tolerance increased by 4.9°C (95% CI, 3.7;6.2°C). AZD1386 increased the maximum body temperature by a mean of 0.59°C (95% CI, 0.40-0.79°C), normalizing within 4 h. Conclusions. AZD1386 had no analgesic effect on experimental esophageal pain in patients with NERD and a partial PPI response, whereas it increased cutaneous heat tolerance. TRPV1 does not play a major role in heat-, mechanically and electrically evoked esophageal pain in these patients. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: D9127C00002.
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| 7. |
- Mohr, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Electrical impedance spectroscopy as a potential adjunct diagnostic tool for cutaneous melanoma
- 2013
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Ingår i: Skin research and technology. - : Wiley. - 0909-752X .- 1600-0846. ; 19:2, s. 75-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Previous studies have shown statistically significant differences in electrical impedance between various cutaneous lesions. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) may therefore be able to aid clinicians in differentiating between benign and malignant skin lesions. Objectives The aim of the study was to develop a classification algorithm to distinguish between melanoma and benign lesions of the skin with a sensitivity of at least 98% and a specificity approximately 20 per cent higher than the diagnostic accuracy of dermatologists. Patients/Methods A total of 1300 lesions were collected in a multicentre, prospective, non-randomized clinical trial from 19 centres around Europe. All lesions were excised and subsequently evaluated independently by a panel of three expert dermatopathologists. From the data two classification algorithms were developed and verified. Results For the first classification algorithm, approximately 40% of the data were used for calibration and 60% for testing. The observed sensitivity for melanoma was 98.1% (101/103), non-melanoma skin cancer 100% (25/25) and dysplastic nevus with severe atypia 84.2% (32/38). The overall observed specificity was 23.6% (66/280). For the second classification algorithm, approximately 55% of the data were used for calibration. The observed sensitivity for melanoma was 99.4% (161/162), for non-melanoma skin cancer was 98.0% (49/50) and dysplastic nevus with severe atypia was 93.8% (60/64). The overall observed specificity was 24.5% (116/474). Conclusion EIS has the potential to be an adjunct diagnostic tool to help clinicians differentiate between benign and malignant (melanocytic and non-melanocytic) skin lesions. Further studies are needed to confirm the validity of the automatic assessment algorithm.
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| 8. |
- Tapfer, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental results from a preclinical X-ray phase-contrast CT scanner
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 109:39, s. 15691-15696
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explore the future clinical potential of improved soft-tissue visibility with grating-based X-ray phase contrast (PC), we have developed a first preclinical computed tomography (CT) scanner featuring a rotating gantry. The main challenge in the transition from previous bench-top systems to a preclinical scanner are phase artifacts that are caused by minimal changes in the grating alignment during gantry rotation. In this paper, we present the first experimental results from the system together with an adaptive phase recovery method that corrects for these phase artifacts. Using this method, we show that the scanner can recover quantitatively accurate Hounsfield units in attenuation and phase. Moreover, we present a first tomography scan of biological tissue with complementary information in attenuation and phase contrast. The present study hence demonstrates the feasibility of grating-based phase contrast with a rotating gantry for the first time and paves the way for future in vivo studies on small animal disease models (in the mid-term future) and human diagnostics applications (in the long-term future).
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