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- Asarnoj, A., et al.
(författare)
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IgE to peanut allergen components : relation to peanut symptoms and pollen sensitization in 8-year-olds
- 2010
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 65:9, s. 1189-1195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Allergen-specific IgE testing is often performed with crude peanut extract, but the results may be difficult to interpret because of cross-reactions between peanut and other plant allergens. The aim was to investigate IgE reactivity to peanut allergen components in children from a birch-rich region in relation to pollen sensitization and peanut symptoms. Methods: From a birth cohort, clinical parameters were obtained through questionnaires and IgE antibody levels to peanut and birch pollen were measured. Different peanut/birch sensitization phenotypes were defined among 200 selected children. IgE reactivity to peanut and pollen allergen components was analysed using microarray technique. Results: Peanut symptoms were reported in 87% of the children with IgE reactivity to any of the peanut allergens Ara h 1, 2 or 3 but not to Ara h 8 (n = 46) vs 17% of children with IgE reactivity to Ara h 8 but not to Ara h 1, 2 or 3 (n = 23), P < 0.001. Furthermore, symptoms were more severe in children with Ara h 1, 2 or 3 reactivity. Children with IgE reactivity both to Ara h 2 and to Ara h 1 or 3 more often reported peanut symptoms than children with IgE only to Ara h 2 (97% vs 70%, P = 0.016), particularly respiratory symptoms (50% vs 9%, P = 0.002). Conclusions: IgE analysis to peanut allergen components may be used to distinguish between peanut-sensitized individuals at risk of severe symptoms and those likely to have milder or no symptoms to peanut if sensitized to pollen allergens and their peanut homologue allergens.
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- Ebisawa, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of Ara h 1-, 2-, and 3-specific IgE antibodies is useful in diagnosis of peanut allergy in Japanese children
- 2012
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Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 23:6, s. 573-581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To cite this article: Ebisawa M, Moverare R, Sato S, Maruyama N, Borres MP, Komata T. Measurement of Ara h 1-, 2-, and 3-specific IgE antibodies is useful in diagnosis of peanut allergy in Japanese children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2012: 23: 573581. Abstract Background: Food challenges are time-consuming, expensive, and not always possible to perform. Therefore, new tools to diagnose food allergy are desired. The aim was to evaluate IgE antibodies to peanut allergens in the diagnosis of peanut allergy in Japanese children using ImmunoCAP (R) and IgE immunoblotting. Methods: The study included 213-yr-old consecutive patients (n = 57) referred to our specialist clinic for investigation of current peanut allergy using food challenge. All children had a previous doctors diagnosis of peanut allergy and were on elimination diet. Serum samples were analyzed for IgE reactivity to peanut, recombinant (r) Ara h 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 9. IgE immunoblotting (n = 23) was performed using extracts from raw and roasted peanut. Results: Twenty-six of the children failed (allergic group), and 31 passed the peanut challenge (tolerant group). The rAra h 2 ImmunoCAP test was superior in its ability to differentiate between children in the allergic and tolerant groups with a sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 84%, respectively (cutoff, 0.35 kUA/l). The combination of rAra h 1, 2, and 3 resulted in a higher specificity (94%) when IgE to all of them was the criteria for positivity. ImmunoCAP generally showed a good agreement with immunoblotting using both raw and roasted peanut for IgE reactivity to Ara h 1, 2, and 3. Conclusions: Measurement of IgE antibodies to rAra h 1, 2, and 3 is useful in the diagnosis of peanut allergy and in the investigation of reactions to raw and roasted peanut.
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- Johansson, S., et al.
(författare)
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Fracture mechanisms during intergranular hold time fatigue crack growth in Inconel 718 superalloy
- 2013
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Ingår i: 13th International Conference on Fracture 2013, ICF 2013; Beijing; China; 16 June 2013 through 21 June 2013. ; 3, s. 1833-1841
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ni-base superalloy IN718 is known to display time-dependent intergranular crack growth under dwell time mechanical loading at high temperature under atmospheric conditions. Oxygen has been pointed out as a cause of the intergranular damage causing embrittled crack growth during both cyclic and hold time loading. Investigation of the mechanisms responsible for the embrittlement should not only focus on the effect of environment but also on the combined action of fatigue, creep, temperature and time. In this work material from experiments with fatigue crack growth in combination with hold times of different length at different temperatures has been investigated. Fractographic studies and metallographic cross sections of fatigued specimens has been subjected to careful analysis using ECCI-imaging in order to shed light on the fracture mechanisms. The results show that the damage is caused by the influence of a combination of environment and severe local damage manifested as a transformation of the microstructure into sub cells, micro twins and recrystallised areas close to the crack tip. The damage mechanism is thus influenced by a combination of oxidation and severe local plastic deformation.
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