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- Kabeerdass, N, et al.
(författare)
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Biomedical and Textile Applications of Alternanthera sessilis Leaf Extract Mediated Synthesis of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticle
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2079-4991. ; 12:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aqueous extract of Alternanthera sessilis (As) acts as the precursors for the quick reduction of silver ions, which leads to the formation of silver nanoparticles. In the agar, well diffusion method of the Klebsiella pneumoniae shows the minimal inhibitory concentration of 12 mm against A. sessilis mediated silver nanoparticles (As-AgNPs) at 60 µg/mL concentration. Fabric treated with novel AS-AgNPs is tested against the K. pneumoniae and shows an inhibitory action of 12 mm with mixed cotton that determines the antimicrobial efficacy of the fabrics. Uv- visible spectrophotometer was performed, showing a surface plasmon resonance peak at 450 nm cm−1. FTIR shows the vibration and the infrared radiation at a specific wavelength of 500–4000 cm−1. The HR-TEM analysis showed the presence of black-white crystalline, spherical-shaped As-AgNPs embedded on the fabrics range of 15 nm–40 nm. In the scanning electron microscope, the presence of small ball-shaped As-AgNPs embedded on the fabrics at a voltage of 30 KV was found with a magnification of 578X. EDAX was performed in which the nanoparticles show a peak of 2.6–3.9 KeV, and it also reveals the presence of the composition, distribution, and elemental mapping of the nanoparticles. The cytotoxic activity of synthesized nanosilver was carried out against L929 cell lines, which show cell viability at a concentration of 2.5 µg mL−1. Cell proliferation assay shows no cytotoxicity against L929 cell lines for 24 h. In this study, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from A. sessilis appears to be a cheap, eco-friendly, and alternative approach for curing infectious ulcers on the floor of the stratum corneum. Nanotechnology conjoined with herbal therapeutics provides a promising solution for wound management.
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| 2. |
- Janko, Matthew, et al.
(författare)
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Contemporary Outcomes After Partial Resection of Infected Aortic Grafts
- 2021
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Ingår i: Annals of Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0890-5096 .- 1615-5947. ; 76, s. 202-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Aortic graft infection remains a considerable clinical challenge, and it is unclear which variables are associated with adverse outcomes among patients undergoing partial resection.METHODS: A retrospective, multi-institutional study of patients who underwent partial resection of infected aortic grafts from 2002 to 2014 was performed using a standard database. Baseline demographics, comorbidities, operative, and postoperative variables were recorded. The primary outcome was mortality. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, and Cox regression analysis were performed.RESULTS: One hundred fourteen patients at 22 medical centers in 6 countries underwent partial resection of an infected aortic graft. Seventy percent were men with median age 70 years. Ninety-seven percent had a history of open aortic bypass graft: 88 (77%) patients had infected aortobifemoral bypass, 18 (16%) had infected aortobiiliac bypass, and 1 (0.8%) had an infected thoracic graft. Infection was diagnosed at a median 4.3 years post-implant. All patients underwent partial resection followed by either extra-anatomic (47%) or in situ (53%) vascular reconstruction. Median follow-up period was 17 months (IQR 1, 50 months). Thirty-day mortality was 17.5%. The KM-estimated median survival from time of partial resection was 3.6 years. There was no significant survival difference between those undergoing in situ reconstruction or extra-anatomic bypass (P = 0.6). During follow up, 72% of repairs remained patent and 11% of patients underwent major amputation. On univariate Cox regression analysis, Candida infection was associated with increased risk of mortality (HR 2.4; P = 0.01) as well as aortoenteric fistula (HR 1.9, P = 0.03). Resection of a single graft limb only to resection of abdominal (graft main body) infection was associated with decreased risk of mortality (HR 0.57, P = 0.04), as well as those with American Society of Anesthesiologists classification less than 3 (HR 0.35, P = 0.04). Multivariate analysis did not reveal any factors significantly associated with mortality. Persistent early infection was noted in 26% of patients within 30 days postoperatively, and 39% of patients were found to have any post-repair infection during the follow-up period. Two patients (1.8%) were found to have a late reinfection without early persistent postoperative infection. Patients with any post-repair infection were older (67 vs. 60 years, P = 0.01) and less likely to have patent repairs during follow up (59% vs. 32%, P = 0.01). Patients with aortoenteric fistula had a higher rate of any post-repair infection (63% vs. 29%, P < 0.01)CONCLUSION: This large multi-center study suggests that patients who have undergone partial resection of infected aortic grafts may be at high risk of death or post-repair infection, especially older patients with abdominal infection not isolated to a single graft limb, or with Candida infection or aortoenteric fistula. Late reinfection correlated strongly with early persistent postoperative infection, raising concern for occult retained infected graft material.
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| 3. |
- Selvavinayagam, Sivaprakasam T, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma CXCL8 and MCP-1 as biomarkers of latent tuberculosis infection
- 2023
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundEarly detection of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is critical to TB elimination in the current WHO vision of End Tuberculosis Strategy.Methods We investigated whether detecting plasma cytokines could aid in diagnosing LTBI across household contacts (HHCs) positive for IGRA, HHCs negative for IGRA, and healthy controls. We also measured the plasma cytokines using a commercial Bio-Plex Pro Human Cytokine 17-plex assay.ResultsIncreased plasma CXCL8 and decreased MCP-1, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were associated with LTBI. Regression analysis showed that a combination of CXCL8 and MCP-1 increased the risk of LTBI among HHCs to 14-fold.ConclusionsWe postulated that CXCL8 and MCP-1 could be the surrogate biomarkers of LTBI, especially in resource-limited settings.
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| 4. |
- Selvavinayagam, Sivaprakasam T., et al.
(författare)
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Platelet-Large Cell Ratio and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate are Surrogate Predictors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: Prompt detection and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) holds the key to global TB elimination. The lack of an established test for predicting LTBI poses a substantial challenge in disease management. Here, we identified the biochemical and hematological markers of LTBI, and correlated their usefulness to discriminate LTBI from healthy controls. Main Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional investigation and correlated the various biochemical and hematological markers for detecting LTBI among household contacts (HHCs) of TB infection. Our study included 90 individuals – 30 healthy controls, 30 interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) positive HHCs, and 30 IGRA-negative HHCs. Biomarkers were measured using designated auto analyzers. Key Findings: ESR, MPV, D-dimer, P-LCR, and PDW were significantly higher among LTBI subjects. ESR, PDW, and P-LCR were markedly associated with LTBI. Multivariate analysis showed that either ESR or P-LCR greater than their respective predetermined cut-off values showed higher odds of developing LTBI. Our study demonstrated that ESR and P-LCR are good surrogate markers for diagnosing LTBI. Also, significantly low ferritin in females and MCHC in males belonging to the HHC/IGRA-ve were observed. Significance: The ESR and P-LCR could aid in predicting LTBI among HHCs. Further, the low serum ferritin is associated with TB resisters.
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