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- Pastorelli, Giada, et al.
(author)
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Constraining the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch phase with resolved stellar populations in the Small Magellanic Cloud
- 2019
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In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 485:4, s. 5666-5692
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) experienced by low-and intermediate-mass stars is one of the most uncertain phases of stellar evolution and the models need to be calibrated with the aid of observations. To this purpose, we couple high-quality observations of resolved stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) with detailed stellar population synthesis simulations computed with the TRILEGAL code. The strength of our approach relies on the detailed spatially resolved star formation history of the SMC, derived from the deep near-infrared photometry of the VISTA survey of the Magellanic Clouds, as well as on the capability to quickly and accurately explore a wide variety of parameters and effects with the COLIBRI code for the TP-AGB evolution. Adopting a well-characterized set of observations - star counts and luminosity functions - we set up a calibration cycle along which we iteratively change a few key parameters of the TP-AGB models until we eventually reach a good fit to the observations. Our work leads to identify two best-fitting models that mainly differ in the efficiencies of the third dredge-up and mass-loss in TP-AGB stars with initial masses larger than about 3 M-circle dot. On the basis of these calibrated models, we provide a full characterization of the TP-AGB stellar population in the SMC in terms of stellar parameters (initial masses, C/O ratios, carbon excess, mass-loss rates). Extensive tables of isochrones including these improved models are publicly available.
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- Younis, Adel, 1990-, et al.
(author)
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A Perspective on Seawater/FRP Reinforcement in Concrete Structures
- 2017
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In: Resilient Structures and Sustainable Construction. - 9780996043748
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Predictions show that more than half of the world population will lack sufficient freshwater by 2025. Yet, the construction industry uses a considerable amount of freshwater to produce concrete. To save resources of fresh water, using seawater seems to be a valid potential alternative that can replace freshwater for mixing concrete. This paper presents a short review performed on existing literature related to the usage of seawater in concrete structures. As a summary of the work presented: (a) It is noticeable that the current literature, generally, reports little or no negative effect of seawater on the characteristics of plain concrete, both in the short and in the long term; (b) steel corrosion caused by the presence of chloride appears to be the sole reason for not accepting the use of seawater in concrete preparation; (c) Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) is discussed as a promising alternative to steel for seawater- concrete reinforcement, owing to their light weight, high tensile strength, and adequate corrosion resistance; and (d) A future outlook for using seawater accompanied by FRP reinforcement in concrete structures is discussed in terms of achieving sustainability goals.
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