| 1. |
- Thu, Huong Nguyen, et al.
(författare)
-
Breastfeeding practices in urban and rural Vietnam.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe and compare breastfeeding practices in rural and urban areas of Vietnam and to study associations with possibly influencing person and household factors. This type of study has not been conducted in Vietnam before. METHODS: Totally 2,690 children, born from 1st March 2008 to 30th June 2010 in one rural and one urban Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, were followed from birth to the age of 12 months. Information about demography, economy and education for persons and households was obtained from household surveys. Standard statistical methods including survival and regression analyses were used. RESULTS: Initiation of breastfeeding during the first hour of life was more frequent in the urban area compared to the rural (boys 40% vs. 35%, girls 49% vs. 40%). High birth weight and living in households with large number of assets significantly increased the probability for early initiation of breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding at three months of age was more commonly reported in the rural than in the urban area (boys 58% vs. 46%, girls 65% vs. 53%). The duration of exclusive breastfeeding as well as of any breastfeeding was longer in the rural area than in the urban area (medians for boys 97 days vs. 81 days, for girls 102 days vs. 91 days). The percentages of children with exclusive breastfeeding lasting at least 6 months, as recommended by WHO, were low in both areas. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly shorter for mothers with three or more antenatal care visits or Caesarean section in both areas. High education level of mothers was associated with longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the rural area. No significant associations were found between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and mother's age, household economy indicators or household size. CONCLUSION: Intervention programs with the aim to promote breastfeeding are needed. Mothers should particularly be informed about the importance of starting breastfeeding early and to prolong exclusive breastfeeding. In order to reach the WHO recommendation of six months exclusive breastfeeding, we propose an extended maternity leave legislation to at least six months.
|
|
| 2. |
- Nguyen, Huong Thu, et al.
(författare)
-
Birth weight and delivery practice in a Vietnamese rural district during 12 year of rapid economic development.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2393. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Since the Doi Moi reform 1986 economic conditions in Vietnam have changed significantly and positive health and health care developments have been observed. International experience shows that improved economic conditions in a country can reduce the risk of perinatal mortality, decrease the risk of low birth weight and increase the mean birth weight in newborns. The Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) FilaBavi in Bavi district outside Hanoi city has been operational since 1999. An open cohort of more than 12,000 households (52,000 persons) has been followed primarily with respect to demography, economy and education. The aim of this research is to study trends in birth weight as well as birth and delivery practices over the time period 1999--2010 in FilaBavi in relation to the social and economic development. METHODS: Information about birth weight, sex, place and method of delivery, mother's age and education as well as household economy of 10,114 children, born from 1999 to 2010, was obtained from the routine data collection in the HDSS. RESULTS: Over the study period the mean birth weight remained at the same level, about 3,100 g, in spite of increased economic resources and technology development. At the individual child level we found associations between birth weight and household economy as well as the education of the mother. Hospital delivery increased from about 35% to 65% and the use of Caesarian section increased from 2.6% to 10.1%. CONCLUSION: During the twelve years studied, household income as well as the use of modern technology increased rapidly. In spite of that, the mean and variation of birth weight did not change systematically. It is suggested that increasing gaps in economic conditions and misallocation of resources, possibly to overuse of technology, are partly responsible.
|
|
| 3. |
- Nguyen, Thi Thu Huong, et al.
(författare)
-
Knowledge of child nutrition when breastfeeding : a study of mothers living outside Hanoi
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Health. - : Scientific Research Publishing. - 1949-4998 .- 1949-5005. ; 5:11, s. 1853-1860
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of nutrition among mothers of children less than two years of age and changes in theoretical knowledge after a nutrition course. Method: A pilot study with a pre-post-test design. Thirty mothers of children who were less than two years of age from outside Hanoi participated in the study. The mothers’ knowledge of breastfeeding, supplementary food and diet when the child was suffering from diarrhea was collected using 19 self-reported questions. A one-day nutrition course at which the mothers answered the same questions before and after the course was run. Results: All the invited mothers were included in the study. There was a lack of knowledge about breastfeeding and nutrition at baseline, but it improved after the nutrition course. The greatest improvement in knowledge related to breastfeeding less than 30 minutes after delivery, not giving milk or fruit juice instead of breast milk, increasing the frequency of breastfeeding in the event of a smaller amount of milk and knowledge about giving supplementary food after six months. Moreover, the results revealed that the mothers reported better knowledge of the consumption and frequency of more healthy food supplements. Conclusion: There was a lack of knowledge about nutrition among the mothers with children less than two years of age. The course demonstrated effectiveness in every aspect of nutritional knowledge, tested in the post-test. The findings in this study could provide important information for authorities in the health sector to improve the nutritional state of children in the community.
|
|
| 4. |
- Thu, Huong Nguyen
(författare)
-
Goodness-of-fit in Multivariate Time Series
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Goodness-of-fit is an important task in time series analysis. In this thesis, wepropose a new family of statistics and a new goodness-of-fit process for the wellknownmultivariate autoregressive moving average VARMA(p,q) model.Some preliminary results are studied first for an initial goodness-of-fit method.Since the residuals of the fit play an important role in identification and diagnosticchecking, relations between least squares residuals and true errors are studied. Anexplicit representation of the information matrix as a limit is also obtained.Second, we generalize a univariate goodness-of-fit process studied in Ubierna andVelilla (2007). An explicit form of the limit covariance function is presented, aswell as a characterization of its limit properties in terms of a parametric Gaussianprocess. This motivates the introduction of a new goodness-of-fit process based ona transformed correlation matrix sequence. The construction and properties of theassociated transformation matrices are investigated. We also prove the convergenceof this new process to the Brownian bridge. Thus, statistics defined as functionals of our process use a null distribution that is free of unknown parameters.Finally, simulations, comparisons, and examples of application are presented toillustrate our theoretical findings and contributions. Our proposed goodness-of-fitstatistics are shown to be quite sensitive for detecting lack of fit. They also seem tobe relatively independent of the choice of a particular lag.
|
|
| 5. |
- Velilla, Santiago, et al.
(författare)
-
A basic goodness-of-fit process for VARMA(p,q) models
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As an extension of the univariate technique in Ubierna and Velilla (2007), we present a goodness-of-fit process for VARMA(p,q) models in which the residuals of the fit are considered. We also formulatean explicit form of the asymptotic covariance function, as well as a suitable representation of the limitprocess. More importantly, we propose a new goodness-of-fit process based on a transformed correlationmatrix sequence. The new goodness-of-fit process is proved to converge weakly to the Brownian bridge.Several simulations, comparisons, and examples are presented. These results illustrate the scope of bothour theoretical findings and contributions. Our method is shown to be sensitive to detect lack of fit.Thus, it can be considered as a useful tool tool for identifying a proper time series model.
|
|
| 6. |
- Velilla, Santiago, et al.
(författare)
-
A new goodness-of-fit process for VARMA(p,q) models : construction and empirical properties
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As an extension of the univariate technique in Ubierna and Velilla (2007), we present a goodness-of-fit process for VARMA(p,q) models in which the residuals of the fit are considered. We also formulatean explicit form of the asymptotic covariance function, as well as a suitable representation of the limitprocess. More importantly, we propose a new goodness-of-fit process based on a transformed correlationmatrix sequence. The new goodness-of-fit process is proved to converge weakly to the Brownian bridge.Several simulations, comparisons, and examples are presented. These results illustrate the scope of bothour theoretical findings and contributions. Our method is shown to be sensitive to detect lack of fit.Thus, it can be considered as a useful tool tool for identifying a proper time series model.
|
|
