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- Holden, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Stochastic Structural Modeling
- 2003
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In: Mathematical Geology. ; 35:8, s. 899-914
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A consistent stochastic model for faults and horizons is described. The faults are represented as a parametric invertible deformation operator. The faults may truncate each other. The horizons are modeled as correlated Gaussian fields and are represented in a grid. Petrophysical variables may be modeled in a reservoir before faulting in order to describe the juxtaposition effect of the faulting. It is possible to condition the realization on petrophysics, horizons, and fault plane observations in wells in addition to seismic data. The transmissibility in the fault plane may also be included in the model. Four different methods to integrate the fault and horizon models in a common model is described. The method is illustrated on an example from a real petroleum field with 18 interpreted faults that are handled stochastically.
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- Jonsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Modeling of the effects of radiolysis on UO2-dissolution employing recent experimental data
- 2004
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examines the effect of water radiolysis on the dissolution of uranium dioxide. A model is created to describe the system of uranium dioxide fragments in water, and the production and reactions of radiolysis products (using recent kinetic data). The system is evaluated under different conditions using MAKSIMA-CHEMIST. Conditions examined include presence of carbonate in the water and effects of hydrogen. The simulations are compared to experimental results on spent fuel dissolution. Surprisingly, the simulated U(VI)-release agrees within a factor of three with the experimentally found U(VI)-release. The inhibiting effect of hydrogen is clearly demonstrated by the simulations. From the results of the simulations we are also able to conclude that the main inhibiting effect of H-2 is the reaction with OH* and not the reduction of U(VI) to U(IV).
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- Knut, Hollund, et al.
(author)
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Havana — a fault modeling tool
- 2002
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In: Norwegian Petroleum Society Special Publications. ; 11, s. 157-171
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Improved knowledge on faults and hydrocarbon seal put pressure on geologists and reservoir engineers doing reservoir modeling. All geo-knowledge must be built into the reservoir models to assure that it is taken into account in the decision processes. The need for advanced modeling tools is increasing. This paper describes the development of a fault modeling tool, the methodology behind it and examples of fault modeling studies. The general focus is on the uncertainty related to faults. The tool can be used for sensitivity analysis of fault effects, including studies of the flow effects of all faults scales, adding faults to simulation grids, and studies of the geometric uncertainty of the faults. The work started out as a development of a tool for stochastic modeling of sub-seismic scale faults. The faults can be added to a flow simulation grid as both displacement and seal. The current tool has been designed to operate together with the Eclipse flow simulator and the IRAP RMS program package. IRAP RMS is the main tool for visualizing output and Eclipse is used to examine the effect of the faults on hydrocarbon recovery. The techniques for modeling of fault seal, outputting results in a format that Eclipse can directly utilize, and the possibility for displacing simulation grids has proved useful also to seismic scale faults. This has led to further development, more detailed fault models and improvements of the general fault modeling capabilities. Examples of fault modeling, including three field examples, Statfjord, Heidrun and Sleipner, are presented to illustrate ways of including fault modeling as part of the reservoir modeling workflow.
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