| 1. |
- Damm, S., et al.
(författare)
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Wall motion abnormalities in male elite orienteers are aggravated by exercise
- 1999
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology. - : Wiley. - 0144-5979 .- 1365-2281. ; 19:2, s. 121-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the period 1979-92, 16 (15 men and one woman) sudden unexpected cardiac deaths occurred among young Swedish orienteers. This finding indicated a sharp increase in the death rate of orienteers, and necropsy demonstrated that myocarditis was a common histopathological finding. Therefore, an extensive non-invasive cardiac investigation was performed. A total of 59 male élite orienteers (mean age 23 years) and 36 cross-country skiers and middle-distance runners (mean age 22 years), serving as controls, were examined by both echocardiography at rest and radionuclide ventriculography at rest and during exercise. Wall motion abnormalities were found in eight orienteers using echocardiography. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the group of orienteers with wall motion abnormalities found using echocardiography had a smaller increase in ejection fraction from rest to exercise using radionuclide ventriculography than the rest of the orienteers and the controls, indicating an aggravation of the wall motion abnormalities during exercise. There were no significant differences in the ejection fraction at rest between the groups. In the orienteers with wall motion abnormalities (group 1), 62% (five out of eight) had less than a 0.05 unit increase in left ventricular ejection fraction compared with 27% (14 out of 51) of the remaining orienteers (group 2) and 19% (7 out of 36) of the controls (group 3). A comparison of athletes in group 1 with those in groups 2 and 3 combined revealed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The divergent response in left ventricular ejection fraction during exercise suggests an aggravation of the wall motion abnormalities with exercise. Both the echocardiographic and the radionuclide ventriculographic findings indicate that the orienteers in group 1 had concealed left ventricular damage.
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| 2. |
- Birgisson, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Bounds on Test Effort for Event-Triggered Real-Time Systems
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The test effort required for full test coverage is much higher in an event-triggered than in a time-triggered real-time system. This makes it difficult to attain confidence in the correctness of event-triggered real-time applications by testing, which is a necessary complement to other verification methods. We present a more general upper bound on the test effort of constrained event-triggered real-time systems, assuming multiple resources (a refinement of previous results). The emphasis is on system level testing of application timeliness, assuming that sufficient confidence in its functional correctness has been attained. Covered fault types include incorrect assumptions about temporal attributes of application and execution environment, and synchronization faults. An analysis of the effects that our constraints have on predictability and efficiency shows that the use of designated preemption points is required. A key factor in this approach is the ability to reduce the number of required test cases while maintaining full test coverage.
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| 3. |
- Bodén, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Features of distributed representations for tree-structures : A study of RAAM
- 1995
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents an in-depth analysis of properties of patterns, generated by the Recursive Auto-Associative Memory, based on the idea that representational features can be detected by a classification network. The intension of this analysis is to examine the actual reasons for the success of connectionist processes acting on super-positional activity vectors generated in the fashion described. We show that the structure supplied during training is maintained and is extractable from the generated pattern. Further, we show that the influence of the actual constituents in the structures supplied during training is not necessarily available, in the generated patterns, for holistic processing. The outlook for holistic processing is therefore limited unless new forms can be found which take into account, what Sharkey and Jackson call, `whole net' representations.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Henriksen, Egil, et al.
(författare)
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An echocardiographic study comparing male Swedish elite orienteers with other elite endurance athletes
- 1997
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Ingår i: American Journal of Cardiology. - 0002-9149 .- 1879-1913. ; 79:4, s. 521-524
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Between 1979 and 1992, there were 16 known cases of sudden unexpected cardiac death among young Swedish orienteers, whose autopsies showed myocarditis to be a common finding. Therefore, 96 elite orienteers and 47 controls underwent echocardiography, showing left ventricular wall motion abnormalities in 9% of the orienteers compared with 4% in the controls.
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| 7. |
- Larsson, Anna-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Thin Film Coatings With Variable Emittance
- 1999
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Ingår i: EUROpto Conference on Advances in Optical Interference Coatings, Berlin, Germany 25-27 May 1999. ; , s. 486-492
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Niklasson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Can Connectionist Models Exhibit Non-Classical Structure Sensitivity?
- 1994
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several connectionist models have been supplying non-classical explanations to the challenge of explaining systematicity, i.e., structure sensitive processes, without merely being implementations of classical architectures. However, lately the challenge has been extended to include learning related issues. It has been claimed that when these issues are taken into account, only a restricted form of systematicity could be claimed by the connectionist models put forward so far. In this paper we investigate this issue further, and supply a model and results that satisfies even the revised challenge.
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