| 1. |
- Adolfsson, Margareta, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Pain management for children with cerebral palsy in school settings in two cultures: action and reaction approaches
- 2018
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 40:18, s. 2152-2162
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) face particular challenges, e.g. daily pain that threaten their participation in school activities. This study focuses on how teachers, personal assistants, and clinicians in two countries with different cultural prerequisites, Sweden and South Africa, manage the pain of children in school settings. Method: Participants’ statements collected in focus groups were analysed using a directed qualitative content analysis framed by a Frequency of attendance-Intensity of involvement model, which was modified into a Knowing-Doing model. Results: Findings indicated that pain management focused more on children’s attendance in the classroom than on their involvement, and a difference between countries in terms of action-versus-reaction approaches. Swedish participants reported action strategies to prevent pain whereas South African participants primarily discussed interventions when observing a child in pain. Conclusion: Differences might be due to school- and healthcare systems. To provide effective support when children with CP are in pain in school settings, an action-and-reaction approach would be optimal and the use of alternative and augmentative communication strategies would help to communicate children’s pain. As prevention of pain is desired, structured surveillance and treatment programs are recommended along with trustful collaboration with parents and access to “hands-on” pain management when needed.Implications for rehabilitation•When providing support, hands-on interventions should be supplemented by structured preventive programs and routines for parent collaboration (action-and-reaction approach).•When regulating support, Sweden and South Africa can learn from each other;○In Sweden, the implementation of a prevention program has been successful.○In South Africa, the possibilities giving support directly when pain in children is observed have been beneficial.
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| 2. |
- Benjaminsson, Merja Vantaa, et al.
(författare)
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Using Picture and Text Schedules to Inform Children: Effects on Distress and Pain during Needle-Related Procedures in Nitrous Oxide Sedation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Pain Research & Treatment. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-1542 .- 2090-1550. ; 2015:2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During hospital visits, children often undergo examinations and treatments that may involve an experience of pain and distress that is also connected to the staff’s treatment. The United Nation’s Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability advocates the use of Universal Design. One way of implementing this idea within paediatric nursing is to increase the use of pictorial supports, and the few studies that have been published show promising results. The aim of this study was to do a comparison between two groups of children in regard to the pre- and postconditions of implementing an intervention including staff instruction and the use of pictorial support. The support consisted of a visual schedule with pictures and text, used both preparatory to and during the hospital visit. One hundred children aged 5–15 (50 children during the preinterventional data collection and 50 children postinterventionally) reported pain intensity and distress during needle-related procedures in nitrous oxide sedation. The results showed that the intervention had a positive effect in significantly lowering the level of preprocedural distress. The results showed that the pain intensity was also lowered however not reaching statistical significance. This confirms other positive research results on the use of visual supports within paediatric care, a topic that has to be further studied.
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| 3. |
- Bergviken, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Focusing on the hospital stay or everyday life with cancer: Parents' experiences of choosing a central access device for their child with cancer.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing : JSPN. - : Wiley. - 1744-6155 .- 1539-0136. ; 24:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to gain insights into the experiences of parents of children with cancer in conjunction with their decisions on the type of central access device that their child would have.The qualitative study design was chosen to maximize the likelihood of capturing the full range of the phenomenon, that is the parents' experiences from decision-making. Open interviews were conducted between December 2015 and January 2016 with 17 parents of children who had been diagnosed with cancer in 2014-2015. The interviews were analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis.The analysis of the decision-making process data yielded four subcategories: (a) Feeling overwhelmed owing to limited information and alienation within the healthcare system, (b) the burden of making a quick medical decision without having the big picture, (c) receiving conflicting views and approaches from the healthcare professionals, and (d) including the child's perspective. Those four subcategories were condensed into the following main category: focusing on the hospital stay and treatment or on everyday life with cancer.Healthcare professionals need to be aware that they may influence the parents' decision, and they should consider that parents are often naïve in their situation. To optimize the decision, its timing should be carefully chosen. Parents often take the child's perspective and interpret the child's reactions as reflecting a wish to avoid needle jabs or to live an unhindered everyday life. Healthcare professionals informing families about central access devices need to address both hospital stays and everyday life with cancer, and they need to adopt a child-centered approach.
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| 4. |
- Björkman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Children's and parents' perceptions of care during the peri-radiographic process when the child is seen for a suspected fracture
- 2016
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Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 22:1, s. 71-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Visiting a Radiology department may elicit both positive and negative feelings for children and parents alike. This study investigated children's and parents' perceptions of care during the peri-radiographic process and whether these perceptions correlated with the child's perceptions of pain and distress. Methods This study utilized a quantitative descriptive design. Its data was collected in five Radiology departments, two where examinations are performed exclusively on children and three that treat both children and adults. Data collection contained questionnaires from children (n = 110) and their parent (n = 110) as well as children's self-reports of pain and distress. Results The findings illustrated that the children and their parent were satisfied with the care provided throughout the peri-radiographic process, unrelated to the child's self-reported levels of pain and distress or examination setting (i.e. children's department or general department). The highest scores of satisfaction were ascribed to “the radiographer's kindness and ability to help in a sufficient way,” whereas “available time to ask questions and to meet the child's emotional needs” received the lowest scores. Conclusions Parents and children alike perceived the radiographers as skilled and sensitive throughout the examination, while radiographers' time allocated to interacting with the child was not perceived be sufficiently covered.
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| 5. |
- Forsaeus Nilsson, Stefan, 1972
(författare)
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New developments in pipes and related network components for district heating
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advanced District Heating and Cooling (DHC) Systems. - 9781782423744 ; , s. 191-214
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter outlines the state-of-the-art pipes, related components and installation methods for district heating (DH). It focuses on technical aspects concerning a DH pipe system’s life cycle cost, covering investment costs, heat losses and durability of materials and components. The review is based on research results from the late 1990s onwards, which are deemed not to be considered as common knowledge nor broadly put into use by the European DH industry.
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| 6. |
- Forsner, Maria, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Expectation prior to human papilloma virus vaccination : 11 to 12-Year-old girls' written narratives.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Health Care. - : SAGE Publications. - 1367-4935 .- 1741-2889. ; 203, s. 365-373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Expectations prior to needle-related procedures can influence individuals' decision making and compliance with immunization programmes. To protect from human papilloma virus (HPV) and cervical cancer, the immunization needs to be given before sexual debut raising interest for this study's aim to investigate how 11 to 12-year-old girls narrate about their expectations prior to HPV vaccination. A total of 27 girls aged 11 to 12 years participated in this qualitative narrative study by writing short narratives describing their expectations. The requirement for inclusion was to have accepted HPV vaccination. Data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Findings showed the following expectations: going to hurt, going to be scared and going to turn out fine. The expectations were based on the girls' previous experiences, knowledge and self-image. The latent content revealed that the girls tried to transform uneasiness to confidence. The conclusion drawn from this study is that most girls of this age seem confident about their ability to cope with possible unpleasantness related to vaccinations. However, nurses need to find strategies to help those children who feel uneasy about needle-related procedures.
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| 7. |
- Fröbert, Ole, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Design and rationale for the Influenza vaccination After Myocardial Infarction (IAMI) trial. A registry-based randomized clinical trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : MOSBY-ELSEVIER. - 0002-8703 .- 1097-6744. ; 189, s. 94-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Registry studies and case-control studies have demonstrated that the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increased following influenza infection. Small randomized trials, underpowered for clinical end points, indicate that future cardiovascular events can be reduced following influenza vaccination in patients with established cardiovascular disease. Influenza vaccination is recommended by international guidelines for patients with cardiovascular disease, but uptake is varying and vaccination is rarely prioritized during hospitalization for AMI.Methods/design: The Influenza vaccination After Myocardial Infarction (IAMI) trial is a double-blind, multicenter, prospective, registry-based, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. A total of 4,400 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-STEMI undergoing coronary angiography will randomly be assigned either to in-hospital influenza vaccination or to placebo. Baseline information is collected from national heart disease registries, and follow-up will be performed using both registries and a structured telephone interview. The primary end point is a composite of time to all cause death, a new AMI, or stent thrombosis at 1 year.Implications: The IAMI trial is the largest randomized trial to date to evaluate the effect of in-hospital influenza vaccination on death and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with STEMI or non-STEMI. The trial is expected to provide highly relevant clinical data on the efficacy of influenza vaccine as secondary prevention after AMI.
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| 8. |
- Golsäter, Marie, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Dealing with adolescents' recurrent pain problems in school health care—Swedish school nurses' view
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley. - 2054-1058. ; 6:4, s. 1626-1633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019 The Authors. Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Aim: To explore school nurses' strategies for supporting adolescents with recurrent pain. Design: An explorative inductive qualitative design. Method: Twenty-one Swedish school nurses were interviewed, and the interviews were subjected to content analysis. Results: The findings show that the nurses are aware that recurrent pain problems are common among the adolescents. In their attempt to support these adolescents, the nurses describe how they are striving in attempts to acquire an understanding of the adolescents' situation, to understand the cause of the pain problem and to devise strategies that can be used to help the adolescents handle the situation.
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| 9. |
- Hård af Segerstad, Ylva, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Addressing the elephant in the room: Social media and the needs of adolescents and young adults with cancer to talk about death
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Fourth International Death Online Research Symposium, 15-17 August, 2018, Hull University, Hull, UK..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Attitudes to death and dying are culturally bounded and change over time [1]. In everyday life in most contemporary Western societies, we personally rarely encounter death, which allows us to avoid thinking about it [2]. It seems that we have lost an ancient intimacy with death which we used to have in the preindustrial era [3-5]. However, being diagnosed with a life-threatening illness pronounces a need to come to terms, or cope, with death. Opportunities to talk about these matters, can increase possibilities to manage negative stress and anxiety in the face of death, and ultimately, to increase quality of life [6, 7]. Adolescents and young adults (AYA) diagnosed with cancer often lack fora where they can approach thoughts about death and dying, and health care professionals are not always able to support them [8]. Our previous research on bereaved parents’ use of social media for coping with their loss has shown that communities on social media and peer-support offer platforms and contexts in which members can explore and share their experience of loss and learn from their peers (cf. [9, 10]). In a newly proposed project we will explore the needs of AYA with cancer to address the elephant in the room, as it were, and develop digital tools and contexts to support this. In February 2018, we conducted an anonymous online survey targeting members in a support organisation for young adults diagnosed with cancer (N = 147). Based on the results from our previous studies, we used a directed approach to content analysis [11] to guide our analysis of the open-ended question. Results confirm our previous findings: both groups report having scarce opportunities to talk about death in their everyday life but that there is a need to do so. Peer-support and social media may support both groups in coping with stress and anxiety. However, the present study indicates that the category which seems to be in greater need is those living close to a person diagnosed with cancer, rather than the person living with the disease. References 1.Hviid Jacobsen, M., “Spectacular Death”—Proposing a New Fifth Phase to Philippe Ariès’s Admirable History of Death. Humanities, 2016. 5(2). 2.Brotherson, S.E. and J. Soderquist, Coping with a Child ' s Death. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 2002. 13(1-2): p. 53-86. 3.Englund, P., På slagfältet vid Verdun och andra historiska nedslag. 2000: Bonnier Audio. 4.Walter, T., Modern grief, postmodern grief. International Review of Sociology. International Review of Sociology / Revue Internationale de Sociologie, 2007. 17(1): p. 167-78. 5.Walter, T., What Death Means Now:Thinking Critically About Dying and Grieving. Shorts Insights. 2017: Policy Press. 140. 6.Quinn, G.P., et al., Quality of life in adolescent and young adult cancer patients: a systematic review of the literature. Patient related outcome measures, 2015. 6: p. 19. 7.Park, E.M. and D.L. Rosenstein, Depression in adolescents and young adults with cancer. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 2015. 17(2): p. 171. 8.Stayer, D. and J.S. Lockhart, Living with dying in the pediatric intensive care unit: a nursing perspective. American Journal of Critical Care, 2016. 25(4): p. 350-356. 9.Christensen, D.R., et al., Bereaved Parents’ Online Grief Communities: De-Tabooing Practices or Relation-Building Grief-Ghettos? Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 2017. 61(1): p. 58-72. 10.Hård af Segerstad, Y. and D. Kasperowski, A community for grieving: affordances of social media for support of bereaved parents. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 2015. 21(1-2: Online Memorial Cultures): p. 25-41. 11.Hsieh, H.F. and S.E. Shannon, Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res, 2005. 15(9): p. 1277-88.
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| 10. |
- Jansson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Healthcare professionals’ use of augmentative and alternative communication in an intensive care unit: A survey study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Intensive and Critical Care Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-3397. ; 54, s. 64-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019 Introduction: Successful communication between staff and patients plays a key role in the well-being of critically ill patients within an intensive care unit. The use of augmentative and alternative communication strategies could contribute to better pain management, medical outcomes and shorter hospital stays for patients in critical care units. Objective: To describe healthcare professionals’ use of augmentative and alternative communication strategies to communicate with critically ill patients regarding pain in an intensive care unit. Research method: A quantitative approach was used, and 83 healthcare professionals of different professions responded to a survey consisting of 16 items that focused on their knowledge of and access to augmentative and alternative communication strategies. The results are presented as descriptive and comparative non-parametric statistics. Setting: The setting of the study was an intensive care unit in a Swedish hospital. Results: All participants had experience of working in intensive care units with patients with communication challenges. Knowledge of augmentative and alternative communication tools differed between the professions, and less experienced healthcare professionals tended to administer sedative drugs more often than more experienced healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals work with vulnerable patients on a daily basis. Their knowledge of communication tools and clinical experience may influence how they communicate and treat pain in patients in intensive care units.
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