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- Nolbeck, Kajsa, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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1 2024 Den fysiska miljöns betydelse för ungdomar som vårdas inom de särskilda ungdomshemmen
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En genomtänkt utformning av vårdmiljön bör utgå från såväl fysiska och mätbara aspekter som faktorer som påverkar upplevelsen av miljön. Forskningsunderlaget på området är dock mycket begränsat. Mot bakgrund av detta utgår den här rapporten framför allt från ungdomarnas upplevelse av vårdmiljön men även från personalens perspektiv på sin arbetsmiljö vid Statens institutionsstyrelses (SiS) ungdomshem. Syftet med forskningsprojektet har varit att öka kunskapen om hur vårdmiljön påverkar ungdomars och personals upplevelser och interaktioner på SiS särskilda ungdomshem. Forskningsprojektet bygger på olika former av kvalitativa metoder. Det empiriska materialet har samlats in genom intervjuer med ungdomar, med stöd av foton (Photovoice) och skisser (Sketch and Talk), liksom deltagande observationer och fokusgruppsdiskussioner med personal. En karakterisering av den fysiska miljön samt en teoretisk fördjupningsstudie har också genomförts. Fyra institutioner har ingått i forskningsprojektet, och totalt har 48 ungdomar och 31 medarbetare från personalen deltagit. Olika typer av analysmetoder har använts såsom fenomenologisk hermeneutik, teori-integrerat analytiskt förhållningssätt och tematisk analys. Forskningsprojektet har godkännande från Regionala Etikprövningsnämnden Dnr 028–18. Utöver det höll forskargruppen en kontinuerlig etisk dialog för att undvika risken för etiska dilemman under datainsamlingsprocessen. Resultatet visar att den fysiska vårdmiljön beskrivs av både ungdomar och personal generellt i termer av brister och hinder, där säkerhetsarrangemang och restriktioner på rum, tid och objekt präglar vardagen. Den fysiska vårdmiljön och dess fängelselika arv åtföljs av tolkningar av ungdomshemmets miljö som helhet, vilka tar sig uttryck i termer av upplevd kontroll (hos ungdomarna) respektive upplevda risker och faror (hos personalen). Detta tycks bidra till en tonvikt på vad som kan benämnas som sociomateriella kontrollpraktiker hos personalen, respektive sociomateriella motvilliga anpassningspraktiker hos ungdomarna. Det sistnämnda kan förstås mot bakgrund av att miljön i hög grad ”passar” med ungdomarnas tidigare erfarenheter och deras självbild. Resultaten kan förstås i termer av olika abstraktionsnivåer, både relaterat till den direkta, fysiska vårdmiljön, tolkningar och levda erfarenheter av att bo och arbeta i miljön, och handlingar som möjliggörs (och omöjliggörs) av och i miljön vid de särskilda ungdomshemmen vi studerat.
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| 2. |
- Nolbeck, Kajsa, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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A Descriptive Study of Swedish Secure Youth Homes in Terms of Their Spatial Factors and Residents' Individual Characteristics
- 2024
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Ingår i: RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN & YOUTH. - 0886-571X .- 1541-0358.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to describe secure institutional youth care homes in Sweden in terms of the conditions of their spatial environment (i.e. physical design and objects) and the individual characteristics of the youths placed there. Data were collected through a survey and from the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care. The study population consisted of 18 units and 1,859 youths in secure institutions in Sweden from 2006 to the end of 2016. The results showed that 74.1% of the youths were enrolled under acute circumstances. They often present with physical and mental health problems, such as sleep disturbance and lack of impulse control; the young people are placed in a restricted environment with little possibility to maintain a sense of security. Due to their previous traumatic experiences, this can be problematic in terms of care and treatment. The results show a tension between different aspects of control, highlighting the importance of offering care environments that both offer the staff "control functions" (i.e. functions facilitating observation and control over the environment) and offer the youths "control opportunities." Such environments need to be as homelike as possible, while simultaneously maintaining safe care for young people and a safe working environment for staff.
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| 3. |
- Nolbeck, Kajsa, 1982
(författare)
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The prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences in child welfare assessments in a sample of 84 young people in secure institutional care in Sweden 2021
- 2024
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Ingår i: Abstract till FORSA/NASSW 2024 international conference, Gothenburg June 2024..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background In Sweden youths with behaviors considered destructive by society such as substance use, or criminality are placed in secure institutional care. While the prevalence of so-called norm-breaking behavior among these youths is well-known, knowledge of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) is scarce. ACEs are defined as potentially traumatizing events occurring in childhood (0-17 years), for example parental separation, violence, or neglect. Symptoms of traumatization and of norm-breaking behavior overlap and research show that ACEs are associated with developing chronic health problems, substance use, and future unemployment. To avoid consolidating the youths as antisocial, and to provide them with adequate support it is of great importance to consider their potential experiences of ACEs. Aim, material and method The abstract relates to a study examining the prevalence of ACEs in child welfare assessments in a sample of 84 youths in secure institutional care in Sweden 2021. The documentation has been analyzed applying manifest quantitative content analysis using ACEs established in previous research as deductive categories. Findings and conclusion The presentation will contain figures on the prevalence of ACEs from the material, and reflections on the overlap between so-called norm-breaking behavior and potential traumatization. The presentation points to the importance to not only focus on the norm-breaking behavior of the youth, but also on the family conditions, to offer the right support and to avoid further responsibilisation.
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| 4. |
- Nolbeck, Kajsa, 1982
(författare)
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To be a risk or at risk – Discourses and Legitimizing Practices in Child Welfare Assessments of Youths in Secure Institutional Care
- 2024
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Ingår i: Abstract till den nationella paperkonferensen i socialt arbete, NaPSa, Östersund, mars 2024..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden youths with behaviours considered destructive by society such as substance use, or criminality are placed in secure institutional care after a court decision. While the young peoples’ problems are well-known, knowledge of what determines social service workers to suggest placement in secure institutional care and how it is legitimized is scarce. This paper relates to a study exploring discourses influencing the social services' advocacy for placement in secure institutional care. The material consists of child welfare assessments in a sample of 84 youths placed in secure institutional care in Sweden 2021. The analysis draws on Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis, thus both what is said in the assessments and how it is said are analyzed, putting focus on the text, the discursive practices, and the social practices. Preliminary findings suggest the young people being presented both as being a risk and at risk. Although the youth's often difficult home conditions are initially addressed, the assessments follow a linguistic shift of risk which put forward a “de-historicization” where the youth's behaviour becomes detached from previous experiences, and from structural conditions. Linguistic and rhetorical legitimation techniques such as juridified, medicalized, and bureaucratic language, and objectification of the youth are used, as is metaphors signalling acute and severeness. The article shows how language and discursive practices affect social practices, but also how the assessments and the social service workers’ discretionary space are products of their context, in this case the legal and social practices of secure institutional care.
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