| 1. |
- Eriksson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Increased platelet microvesicle formation is associated with mortality ina porcine model of endotoxemia
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 42:5, s. 551-557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Gram-negative sepsis in humans and endotoxemia in pigs induce the formation of platelet microvesicles. These microvesicles are active in homeostasis and may thus contribute to the outcome in patients with activated coagulation and fibrinolysis. We decided to prospectively evaluate the effects of endotoxemia on microvesicle formation and some common physiologic variables against survival in a porcine model.Methods:Nineteen included pigs were anesthetized, monitored and subjected to an infusion of E. coli endotoxin. Microvesicle formation was determined by flow cytometry.Results:The formation of microvesicles was significantly increased in the 6 pigs that died during endotoxin exposure. This increased formation became significant from the 3rd hour of endotoxemia. Microvesicle formation did not increase in surviving endotoxemic pigs. Cardiac index, mean arterial blood pressure, base excess and systemic vascular resistance index were distinctly reduced in the animals that died as compared to those surviving the endotoxemic period.Conclusion:The increased formation of platelet microvesicles seems to be associated with poor prognosis in porcine endotoxemia. Since microvesicles are active in coagulation, they may contribute to the derangement of the coagulation system caused by endotoxemia. Different degrees of microvesicle formation may reflect inter-individual responses to a given challenge.
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| 2. |
- Kiiski, Ritva, et al.
(författare)
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An inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (enalapril) augments endotoxin-induced hypotension in the pig
- 1999
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - 0300-9734. ; 104:2, s. 163-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Septic shock causes an extensive inflammatory reaction including increased capillary leakage and a decrease in systemic blood pressure. Human septic shock can be replicated in the endotoxaemic pig. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is involved in the degradation of bradykinin, an inflammatory mediator, and in the regulation of blood pressure. Inhibition of ACE is a common approach to reduce hypertension as well as left ventricular insufficiency. Fifteen anaesthetised pigs received a continuous 3 h endotoxin infusion. The animals were randomly given an inhibitor of ACE (enalpril) [at a dose (0.5 mg x kg-1) that did not per se reduce mean arterial blood pressure (MAP); (n = 7)], or the corresponding volume of saline (n = 8). Another seven pigs were randomised for treatment with enalapril (0.5 mg x kg-1) + saline (n = 3). Four pigs were randomised to serve as untreated controls (saline + saline). Basic physiologic variables were registered. Endotoxaemia progressively reduced MAP. This decrease was significantly augmented by enalapril. Hypovolemia caused by increased permeability or salt/water excretion did not seem to explain this effect as neither blood haemoglobin nor plasma sodium differed between the two groups of endotoxaemic pigs. Inhibitors of ACE are known to potentiate the cardio-depressant effect of bradykinin. This may explain the reduction in MAP by enalapril during porcine endotoxaemia.
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| 3. |
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Altruism, society, health care
- 1998
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På senare år har intresset för altruism ökat inom många discipliner. Altruism är också av betydelse inom medicinen och folkhälsoarbetet. Flera områden inom sjukvården är beroende av altruistiska bidrag. Ett exempel är donation av blod, benmärg och organ.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Liljegren, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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10-year Results After Sector Resection With or Without Postoperative Radiotherapy for Stage I Breast Cancer : a Randomized Trial
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 17:8, s. 2326-2333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To study the long-term effectiveness of postoperative radiotherapy after sector resection for breast cancer in a randomized trial in which mammography is a major pathway to diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred eighty-one women with a unifocal breast cancer < or = 20 mm in diameter on the preoperative mammogram and without histopathologic signs of axillary metastases were treated by sector resection plus axillary dissection. Of these patients, 184 women were randomized to receive postoperative radiotherapy to the breast (XRT group), and 197 women received no further treatment (non-XRT group). RESULTS: The local recurrence rate was 8.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.9% to 13.1%) in the XRT group and 24.0% (95% CI, 17.6% to 30.4%) in the non-XRT group (P =.0001). Survival free from regional and distant recurrence was 83. 3% in the XRT group (95% CI, 77.5% to 89.1%) and 80.0% in the non-XRT group (95% CI, 73.9% to 86.1%) (P =.23). Overall survival was 77.5% in the XRT group (95% CI, 70.9% to 84.1%) and 78% in the non-XRT group (95% CI, 71.7% to 84.3%) (P =.99). A subgroup analysis suggested that women older than 55 years of age without comedo or lobular carcinomas had a low risk of local recurrence of 6.1% (95% CI, 0.1% to 9.1%) in the XRT-group and 11.0% (4.0% to 18.0%) in the non-XRT group (P =.16). CONCLUSION: Sector resection plus radiotherapy resulted in an absolute reduction in local recurrence of 16% at 10 years compared with surgery alone. Women older than 55 years of age without comedo or lobular carcinomas may have a low risk of local recurrence. Postoperative radiotherapy was not shown to reduce distant recurrences or improve overall survival.
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| 6. |
- Lindén, Anna-Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Sociological Aspects on Man, Value Orientation and Sustainable Development
- 1997
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Ingår i: Science, Ethics, Sustainability.. - 9155441076 ; , s. 41-50
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to tenatively discuss a sociological perspective on the relations between man, value orientation, behavioral orientation and sustainable development. Sociologists often get questions about the stability and development of values and willingness to change behavior in a direction which is more favorable to the environment. There are lots of problems with such questions. The first problem is the lack of tradition in the study of relations between man and nature. The second problem is the problem with time series analysis of values. The third problem has to do with structural aspects in comparative analysis. The problems are discussed in three sections namely the relation between man and nature as a value orientation dimension, the relation between man and society as a behavioral dimension, and a two dimensional typology of the relations between value orientation, behavioral orientation and sustainable development.
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| 7. |
- Nordgren, Anders
(författare)
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Efter Dolly. Rec. av FRN:s skrift "Klona skapelsens krona?", Källa nr 49, 1997
- 1998
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk tidskrift. ; :5, s. 265-266
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Forskningsrådsnämndens bok "Klona skapelsens krona?" är utgiven med anledning av fåret Dolly som klonades från en kroppscell hos ett vuxet får och som fick mycket stor uppmärksamhet i medierna världen över i februari 1997. I boken ger ett antal svenska fo
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| 8. |
- Nordgren, Anders
(författare)
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Ethics and imagination. Implications of cognitive semantics for medical ethics
- 1998
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Ingår i: Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics. ; 19, s. 117-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den kognitiva semantiken har gjort viktiga empiriska fynd rörande mänsklig begreppsbildning. I denna artikel analyseras några av fynden rörande moralbegrepp och dessutom diskuteras deras implikationer för medicinsk etik. Huvudidén är att moral har att gör
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| 9. |
- Nordgren, Anders
(författare)
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Introduction
- 1997
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Ingår i: Science, ethics, sustainability. - Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. - 9155441076 ; , s. 9-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Nordgren, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 1998
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Ingår i: Altruism, society, health care. - Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. - 9155441513 ; , s. 7-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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