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- Nordin, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Social capital and the life cycle model : The transformation of the destination of Åre
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tourism. - 1332-7461 .- 1849-1545. ; 57:3, s. 259-284
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyzes the development of the Swedish tourism destination of Åre and its transformation from one of many mountain villages into Scandinavia’s leading alpine ski resort. In reference to Butler’s life cycle model, this evolution is analyzed and some historical turning points in Åre’s development identified. The role of social capital is added to the historical analysis, based on the assumption that there is a link between a destination’s development and its ability to reproduce its social capital. The analysis shows that the social capital at the early stage was, to a large extent, built by and around local actors which predominated the village. The transformation to an international ski resort was possible only by the entrance of new actors, increasingly from the national and international arenas. These new actors have largely come to play leading roles in Åre’s development. At the same time, the new actors’ different values and networks have impacted Åre’s social capital.
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- Rosenmüller, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Cholecystectomy in Sweden 2000 - 2003 : a nationwide study on procedures, patient characteristics, and mortality
- 2007
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Ingår i: BMC Gastroenterology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-230X. ; 7:1, s. 35-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Epidemiological data on characteristics of patients undergoing open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy are limited. In this register study we examined characteristics and mortality of patients who underwent cholecystectomy during hospital stay in Sweden 2000 – 2003.Methods: Hospital discharge and death certificate data were linked for all patients undergoing cholecystectomy in Sweden from January 1st 2000 through December 31st 2003. Mortality risk was calculated as standardised mortality ratio (SMR) i.e. observed over expected deaths considering age and gender of the background population.Results: During the four years of the study 43072 patients underwent cholecystectomy for benign biliary disease, 31144 (72%) using a laparoscopic technique and 11928 patients (28%) an open procedure (including conversion from laparoscopy). Patients with open cholecystectomy were older than patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (59 vs 49 years, p < 0.001), they were more likely to have been admitted to hospital during the year preceding cholecystectomy, and they had more frequently been admitted acutely for cholecystectomy (57% Vs 21%, p < 0.001). The proportion of women was lower in the open cholecystectomy group compared to the laparoscopic group (57% vs 73%, p < 0.001). Hospital stay was 7.9 (8.9) days, mean (SD), for patients with open cholecystectomy and 2.6 (3.3) days for patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy, p < 0.001. SMR within 90 days of index admission was 3.89 (3.41–4.41) (mean and 95% CI), for patients with open cholecystectomy and 0.73 (0.52–1.01) for patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During this period biliary disease accounted for one third of all deaths in both groups. From 91 to 365 days after index admission, SMR for patients in the open group was 1.01 (0.87–1.16) and for patients in the laparoscopic group 0.56 (0.44–0.69).Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed on patients having a lower mortality risk than the general Swedish population. Patients with open cholecystectomy are more sick than patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and they have a mortality risk within 90 days of admission for cholecystectomy, which is four times that of the general population. Further efforts to reduce surgical trauma in open biliary surgery are motivated.
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- Strålin, Per, et al.
(författare)
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A Lagrangian Collision Model Applied to an Impinging Spray Nozzle
- 2006
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Ingår i: Conference paper, SAE Powertrain and Fluid Systems Conference. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of a collision model for CFD spray simulations. The collision model is intended to be used for prediction of fuel sprays from specially designed impinging spray nozzles. The new model is enhanced in terms of collision frequency, post-collisional characteristics and collision induced break-up. The model is evaluated in terms of macro scale properties, such as spray penetration and spray cone angle.
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