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- Özdemir, Metin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Does promoting parents' negative attitudes to underage drinking reduce adolescents' drinking? : the mediating process and moderators of the effects of the Örebro prevention programme
- 2016
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 111:2, s. 263-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: The Örebro Prevention Programme (ÖPP) was found previously to be effective in reducing drunkenness among adolescents [Cohen's d = 0.35, number needed to treat (NNT) = 7.7]. The current study tested the mediating role of parents’ restrictive attitudes to underage drinking in explaining the effectiveness of the ÖPP, and the potential moderating role of gender, immigration status, peers’ and parents’ drinking and parent–adolescent relationship quality.Design: A quasi‐experimental matched‐control group study with assessments at baseline, and at 18‐ and 30‐month follow‐ups.Participants: Of the 895 target youths at ages 12–13 years, 811 youths and 651 parents at baseline, 653 youths and 524 parents at 18‐month and 705 youths and 506 parents at 30‐month follow‐up participated in the study.Measurements: Youths reported on their past month drunkenness, their parents’ and peers’ alcohol use and the quality of their relationship with parents. Parents reported on their attitudes to underage drinking.Findings: The mediation analyses, using latent growth curve modeling, showed that changes in parents’ restrictive attitudes to underage drinking explained the impact of the ÖPP on changes in youth drunkenness, which was reduced, and onset of monthly drunkenness, which was delayed, relative to controls. Mediation effect explained 57 and 45% of the effects on drunkenness and onset of monthly drunkenness, respectively. The programme effects on both parents’ attitudes and youth drunkenness were similar across gender, immigrant status, parents’ and peers’ alcohol use and parent–youth relationship quality.Conclusions: Increasing parents’ restrictive attitudes to youth drinking appears to be an effective and robust strategy for reducing heavy underage drinking regardless of the adolescents’ gender, cultural origin, peers’ and parents’ drinking and relationship quality with parents.
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| 4. |
- Adamina, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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ECCO Topical Review Optimising Reporting in Surgery, Endoscopy, and Histopathology Collaboration Between S-ECCO, EduCom, H-ECCO
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1873-9946 .- 1876-4479. ; 15:7, s. 1089-1105
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: Diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] requires a lifelong multidisciplinary approach.The quality of medical reporting is crucial in this context.The present topical review addresses the need for optimised reporting in endoscopy, surgery, and histopathology. Methods: A consensus expert panel consisting of gastroenterologists, surgeons, and pathologists, convened by the European Crohns and Colitis Organisation, performed a systematic literature review. The following topics were covered: in endoscopy: [i] general IBD endoscopy; [ii] disease activity and surveillance; [iii] endoscopy treatment in IBD; in surgery: [iv] medical history with surgical relevance, surgical indication, and strategy; [v] operative approach; [vi] intraoperative disease description; [vii] operative steps; in pathology: [viii] macroscopic assessment and interpretation of resection specimens; [ix] IBD histology, including biopsies, surgical resections, and neoplasia; [x] IBD histology conclusion and report. Statements were developed using a Delphi methodology incorporating two consecutive rounds. Current practice positions were set when >= 80% of participants agreed on a recommendation. Results: Thirty practice positions established a standard terminology for optimal reporting in endoscopy, surgery, and histopathology. Assessment of disease activity, surveillance recommendations, advice to surgeons for operative indication and strategies, including margins and extent of resection, and diagnostic criteria of IBD, as well as guidance for the interpretation of dysplasia and cancer, were handled. A standardised report including a core set of items to include in each specialty report, was defined. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary high-quality care requires thorough and standardised reporting across specialties.This topical review offers an actionable framework and practice recommendations to optimise reporting in endoscopy, surgery, and histopathology.
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| 5. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Yverås, Veronica, 1971
(författare)
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Performance Prediction Method in the Early Design Stage for Outdoor Ventilated Crawl Spaces Based on Artificial Neural Networks
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Physics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1744-2591 .- 1744-2583. ; 34:1, s. 43-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to explore the possibility of using a tool based on artificial intelligence and real-life data. The aim is to develop and analyze one artificial intelligence method for one design part of a single-family house. Real-life data from documented experiences have been used as training data to develop a neural network to predict the performance of a specified design part, in this case, the outdoor ventilated crawl space. The results of this study indicate that this is an approach that could usefully be developed and investigated further. The tool managed to predict smell 100%, mold 76%, and rot 92% correctly.
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- Yverås, Veronica, 1971
(författare)
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Performance Indicators. A performance prediction method for moisture safety design
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aims of this research project is to develop and gain knowledge about a different approach to moisture safety design based on AI in order to attain healthy buildings and relate this new approach to current practice and prospective users. Secondary data (data produced for some other purpose) was used to train Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to predict the performance of outdoor ventilated crawl-spaces regarding microbiological smell, mould and rot. The best performing ANN managed to predict smell 100%, mould 76%, and rot 92% correctly on 38 validation cases not used in the training process. A reliability test was performed designed as a parameter study. The results highlighted some uncertainties in the trained ANN which are likely to be due to a high level of missing values and skewed data. In addition, the parameter study goes far outside what the ranges of the retrieved training data, forcing the ANN to extrapolate predictions. The interview study with engineering consultants indicated that experience is considered to be a decision support in moisture safety design even though feedback from past projects rarely is available. In addition the general opinion was that available tools are too demanding. Through a questionnaire a performance prediction comparison was set up to test the competitiveness of the trained ANN. The average prediction result for the respondents (engineering consultants, moisture damage consultants, moisture experts) was 50% correct predictions whereas the ANN had a 93% correct prediction level. There was no notable indication of a correlation of the prediction results with the respondents’ background. The same study also revealed that a system to capture experience is highly requested by the respondents.The results so far are promising but ANN, based on real life experience, must be tested further with better training data, preferably with data designed for this purpose. The method has a potential to capture real life experience in a structured and systematic manner. Moreover, it may be helpful in the decision process during the early stages of design.
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- Hearn, Jeff, 1947-
(författare)
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Laillisesta liiketoiminnasta sukupuolistuneeseen väkivaltaan(From legal business to gender violence) : Kaupallisen seksin argumentaatioista Suomessa(Argumentations on the sex trade in Finland)
- 2008. - 1
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Ingår i: Paljastettu intiimi(Intimacy Uncovered). - Rouvaniemi : Lapland University Press. ; , s. 368-404
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mikä vaatii sietämään väkivaltaa, mutta estää väkivallan tekijöiden vastuutamisen? Miksi heikkous on tabu ja väkivallan kokijat nähdään tavalla tai toisella osasyyllisinä väkivaltaan? Teoksessa analysoidaan väkivaltaa, intiimiyttä ja sukupuolta haavoittuvuuden ja kulttuurin virtualisoitumisen näkökulmista. Haavoittuvuus ei aina oikeuta suojeluun, vaan yksilöiltä itseltään odotetaan kykyä riskien arviointiin ja väkivallalta suojautumiseen. Sitä mukaa kun intimiteetti asetetaan näytteille ja väkivalta näytösluonteistuu, satuttaminen arkipäiväistyy tavalla, jota emme helposti edes tunnista väkivallaksi. Teos tarkastee heteroseksuaalisen intiimin väkivallan muotoja kuten parisuhdeväkivaltaa, seksuaalista väkivaltaa, sukupuolista häirintää ja ahdistelua sukupolvieron, performatiivisuuden, viranomaisten ja oikeuden käytäntöjen kautta. Teoksen kirjoittajat ovat yhteiskunnan, oikeuden ja kulttuurin tutkijoita, joita yhdistää väkivallan kokemuksen tutkiminen osana väkivaltaa normittavia käytäntöjä. Teos sopii monitieteisyytensä ansiosta oppikirjaksi laajasti, sosiaalityöstä oikeustieteeseen.
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