| 1. |
- Schumann, G, et al.
(author)
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Stratified medicine for mental disorders
- 2014
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In: European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7862. ; 24:1, s. 5-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Tammiste, A, et al.
(author)
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Whole-exome sequencing identifies a polymorphism in the BMP5 gene associated with SSRI treatment response in major depression
- 2013
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In: Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England). - : SAGE Publications. - 1461-7285 .- 0269-8811. ; 27:10, s. 915-920
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although antidepressants are widely used in the pharmacotherapy of major depressive disorder (MDD), their efficacy is still insufficient as approximately one-third of the patients do not fully recover even after several treatment trials. Inter-individual genetic differences are thought to contribute to the variability in antidepressant response; however, current findings from pharmacogenetic studies are uncertain or not clearly replicated. Here we report the first application of full exome sequencing for the analysis of pharmacogenomics on antidepressant treatment. After 12 weeks of treatment with the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor escitalopram, we selected five clear responders and five clear non-responders for exome sequencing. By comparing the allele counts of previously known single nucleotide polymorphisms and novel polymorphisms we selected 38 markers for further genotyping in two independent patient samples treated with escitalopram ( n=116 and n=394). The A allele, carried by approximately 30% of the patients with MDD, of rs41271330 in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP5) gene showed strong association with worse treatment response in both sample sets ( p=0.001), indicating that this is an promising pharmacogenetic marker for prediction of antidepressant therapeutic outcome.
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| 3. |
- Castelletto, Valeria, et al.
(author)
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Structure of single-wall peptide nanotubes: in situ flow aligning X-ray diffraction
- 2010
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In: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1364-548X .- 1359-7345. ; 46:34, s. 6270-6272
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The structure of single wall peptide nanotubes is presented for the model surfactant-like peptide A(6)K. Capillary flow alignment of a sample in the nematic phase at high concentration in water leads to oriented X-ray diffraction patterns. Analysis of these, accompanied by molecular dynamics simulations, suggests the favourable self-assembly of antiparallel peptide dimers into beta-sheet ribbons that wrap helically to form the nanotube wall.
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| 4. |
- Rehm, J., et al.
(author)
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Defining Substance Use Disorders : Do We Really Need More Than Heavy Use?
- 2013
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In: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 48:6, s. 633-640
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: The aim of the study was to explore whether the concept of heavy substance use over time can be used as definition of substance use disorder. Methods: Narrative review. Results: Heavy use over time clearly underlies the neurobiological changes associated with current thinking of substance use disorders. In addition, there is evidence that heavy use over time can explain the majority of social problems and of burden of disease (morbidity and mortality). A definition of substance use disorders via heavy use over time would avoid some of the problems of current conceptualizations, for instance the cultural specificity of concepts such as loss of control. Finally, stressing the continuum of use may avoid the high level of stigmatization currently associated with substance use disorders. Conclusion: ‘Heavy substance use over time’ seems to be a definition of substance use disorders in line with results of basic research and epidemiology. Additionally, it reduces stigmatization. This approach should thus be further explored.
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| 5. |
- Rehm, J., et al.
(author)
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The tangible common denominator of substance use disorders : a reply to Commentaries to Rehm et al. (2013a)
- 2014
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In: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 49:1, s. 118-122
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In response to our suggestion to define substance use disorders via ‘heavy use over time’, theoretical and conceptual issues, measurement problems and implications for stigma and clinical practice were raised. With respect to theoretical and conceptual issues, no other criterion has been shown, which would improve the definition. Moreover, heavy use over time is shown to be highly correlated with number of criteria in current DSM-5. Measurement of heavy use over time is simple and while there will be some underestimation or misrepresentation of actual levels in clinical practice, this is not different from the status quo and measurement of current criteria. As regards to stigma, research has shown that a truly dimensional concept can help reduce stigma. In conclusion, ‘heavy use over time’ as a tangible common denominator should be seriously considered as definition for substance use disorder.
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