| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Nyberg, Jenny, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Cardiovascular and cognitive fitness at age 18 and risk of early-onset dementia.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Brain : a journal of neurology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2156. ; 137:Pt 5, s. 1514-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with early-onset dementia are a significantly under-recognized subgroup of patients with an increasing prevalence. Epidemiological studies are limited and studies of modifiable risk factors, such as physical fitness, are lacking. We aimed to investigate the associations between cardiovascular fitness individually and in combination with cognitive performance at age 18 and risk of early-onset dementia and mild cognitive impairment later in life. We performed a population-based cohort study of over 1.1 million Swedish, 18-year-old, male conscripts, who underwent conscription exams between 1968 and 2005. These males were then followed for up to 42 years. Objective data on cardiovascular fitness and cognitive performance were collected during conscription exams and were subsequently linked with hospital registries to calculate later risk of early-onset dementia and mild cognitive impairment using Cox proportional hazards models controlling for several confounders. The scores from the exams were divided into tertiles (low, medium, high) for the analyses. The mean follow-up time for the analyses was 25.7 years (standard deviation: 9.3) and the median was 27 years. In total, 30 195 315 person-years of follow-up were included in the study. In fully adjusted models, both low cardiovascular fitness and cognitive performance (compared to high) at age 18 were associated with increased risk for future early-onset dementia (cardiovascular fitness, n = 662 events: hazard ratio 2.49, 95%, confidence interval 1.87-3.32; cognitive performance, n = 657 events: hazard ratio 4.11, 95%, confidence interval 3.19-5.29) and mild cognitive impairment (cardiovascular fitness, n = 213 events: hazard ratio 3.57, 95%, confidence interval 2.23-5.74; cognitive performance, n = 212 events: hazard ratio 3.23, 95%, confidence interval 2.12-4.95). Poor performance on both cardiovascular fitness and cognitive tests was associated with a >7-fold (hazard ratio 7.34, 95%, confidence interval 5.08-10.58) and a >8-fold (hazard ratio 8.44, 95%, confidence interval 4.64-15.37) increased risk of early-onset dementia and early-onset mild cognitive impairment, respectively. In conclusion, lower cardiovascular fitness and cognitive performance in early adulthood were associated with an increased risk of early-onset dementia and mild cognitive impairment later in life, and the greatest risks were observed for individuals with a combination of low cardiovascular fitness and low cognitive performance.
|
|
| 3. |
- Nyberg, Jenny, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Cardiovascular fitness and later risk of epilepsy A Swedish population-based cohort study
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Neurology. - 0028-3878. ; 81:12, s. 1051-1057
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To analyze the associations between cardiovascular fitness at age 18 years and future risk of epilepsy. Methods: Population-based cohort study of Swedish male conscripts (n = 1,173,079) born in 1950-1987, who were followed for up to 40 years. Data on cardiovascular fitness were collected during conscription exams and linked with hospital registers to calculate later risk of epilepsy using Cox proportional hazard models controlling for several confounders, including familial factors. Results: Epilepsy was recorded in 6,796 individuals during the follow-up time. In fully adjusted models, low and medium cardiovascular fitness (compared with high) at age 18 years was associated with increased risk of future epilepsy (hazard ratio 1.79, 95% confidence interval 1.57-2.03; and hazard ratio 1.36, 95% confidence interval 1.27-1.45, respectively). The associations changed only marginally after adjustment for familial influences and prior severe traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular disease, or diabetes. Conclusions: Low cardiovascular fitness early in life is associated with an increased risk of epilepsy later in adulthood. These results agree with previous results from animal models. We propose that behaviors that increase cardiovascular fitness may act as positive disease-modifiers for the development of epilepsy.
|
|
| 4. |
- Söderman, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Application of a computed tomography based cystic fibrosis scoring system to chest tomosynthesis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 8673
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the monitoring of progression of lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), recurrent computed tomography (CT) examinations are often used. The relatively new imaging technique chest tomosynthesis (CTS) may be an interesting alternative in the follow-up of these patients due to its visualization of the chest in slices at radiation doses and costs significantly lower than is the case with CT. A first step towards introducing CTS imaging in the diagnostics of CF patients is to establish a scoring system appropriate for evaluating the severity of CF pulmonary disease based on findings in CTS images. Previously, several such CF scoring systems based on CT imaging have been published. The purpose of the present study was to develop a CF scoring system for CTS, by starting from an existing scoring system dedicated for CT images and making modifications regarded necessary to make it appropriate for use with CTS images. In order to determine any necessary changes, three thoracic radiologists independently used a scoring system dedicated for CT on both CT and CTS images from CF patients. The results of the scoring were jointly evaluated by all the observers, which lead to suggestions for changes to the scoring system. Suggested modifications include excluding the scoring of air trapping and doing the scoring of the findings in quadrants of the image instead of in each lung lobe. © 2013 SPIE.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Åberg, Maria A I, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Cardiovascular fitness in males at age 18 and risk of serious depression in adulthood: Swedish prospective population-based study
- 2012
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 201:5, s. 352-359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Studies suggest a role for cardiovascular fitness in the prevention of affective disorders. Aims To determine whether cardiovascular fitness at age 18 is associated with future risk of serious affective illness. Method Population-based Swedish cohort study of male conscripts (n = 1 117 292) born in 1950-1987 with no history of mental illness who were followed for 3-40 years. Data on cardiovascular fitness at conscription were linked with national hospital registers to calculate future risk of depression (requiring in-patient care) and bipolar disorder. Results In fully adjusted models low cardiovascular fitness was associated with increased risk for serious depression (hazard ratios (HR) = 1.96, 95%, CI 1.71-2.23). No such association could be shown for bipolar disorder (HR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.84-1.47). Conclusions Lower cardiovascular fitness at age 18 was associated with increased risk of serious depression in adulthood. These results strengthen the theory of a cardiovascular contribution to the aetiology of depression.
|
|
