| 1. |
- Nybom, Hilde
(författare)
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Advances in understanding texture development in apples
- 2023
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Ingår i: Improving the quality of apples. - 9781801463218
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter reviews advances in understanding texture development in apples. It starts by first describing the anatomy and physiology of fruit texture traits. This is then followed by an evaluation of fruit texture parameters. The chapter goes on to discuss the influence of growing conditions, the effects of storage conditions on fruit texture as well as the impact fungal diseases can have on fruit texture. A section on genetic determination of texture is also provided, followed by a review of the association between texture and aroma, as well as an overview of selection/breeding achievements.
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| 2. |
- Nybom, Hilde
(författare)
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Association between blue mold resistance and qPCR-based molecular markers in apple
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; , s. 277–283-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apple cultivars vary in their susceptibility to Penicillium expansum, the causal agent of blue mold, which is one of the most devastating storage diseases in this crop. The genetic background to susceptibility/resistance has not yet been fully clarified, but significant associations have been detected between 1) the size of lesions caused by blue mold after artificial inoculation of harvested fruit, and 2) various fruit texture-related traits (e.g., fruit firmness at harvest and rate of fruit softening during storage) as well as 3) fruit biochemical contents (e.g., polyphenols). In the present study, 82 apple cultivars were phenotyped for fruit firmness, fruit softening rate and size of blue mold lesions after wound inoculation of newly harvested fruit with P. expansum spores. These cultivars were screened using 15 qPCR-based molecular markers targeting loci linked to fruit texture and chemical composition on apple linkage groups (LG) 10 and 16. The results revealed significant phenotype-genotype associations between two loci on LG 16 (ss475881696 and ss475882555) and lesion decay (p=0.047 and 0.037, respectively). In addition, a non-significant relationship (p=0.08) between softening rate and two fruit acidity-related loci on LG 16, ss475876558 and Ma1-SNP1455, was indicated. These results will be useful in further investigations of key genes for blue mold resistance, and for developing markers that can be applied in apple breeding programs.
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| 3. |
- Nybom, Hilde
(författare)
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Combining genetic resources and elite material populations to improve the accuracy of genomic prediction in apple
- 2022
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Ingår i: G3. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2160-1836. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genomic selection is an attractive strategy for apple breeding that could reduce the length of breeding cycles. A possible limitation to the practical implementation of this approach lies in the creation of a training set large and diverse enough to ensure accurate predictions. In this study, we investigated the potential of combining two available populations, i.e., genetic resources and elite material, in order to obtain a large training set with a high genetic diversity. We compared the predictive ability of genomic predictions within-population, across-population or when combining both populations, and tested a model accounting for population-specific marker effects in this last case. The obtained predictive abilities were moderate to high according to the studied trait and small increases in predictive ability could be obtained for some traits when the two populations were combined into a unique training set. We also investigated the potential of such a training set to predict hybrids resulting from crosses between the two populations, with a focus on the method to design the training set and the best proportion of each population to optimize predictions. The measured predictive abilities were very similar for all the proportions, except for the extreme cases where only one of the two populations was used in the training set, in which case predictive abilities could be lower than when using both populations. Using an optimization algorithm to choose the genotypes in the training set also led to higher predictive abilities than when the genotypes were chosen at random. Our results provide guidelines to initiate breeding programs that use genomic selection when the implementation of the training set is a limitation.
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| 4. |
- Nybom, Hilde
(författare)
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ECPGR recommended simple sequence repeat loci for analyses of European plum (Prunus domestica) collections
- 2020
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Ingår i: Genetic resources. - : Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT. - 2708-3764. ; 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A set of nine Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) loci, approved by the ECPGR Prunus working group, are proposed as a standard set for genotyping European plum accessions. These loci show sufficient reliability in spite of problems caused by hexaploidy. Polymorphism in the loci is high and enables differentiation between unique plum accessions as well as analyses of genetic grouping and overall genetic structure. A set of seven reference accessions are described. A compiled dataset with allelic information for 165 accessions is presented. Genetic structure reveals three different K-values (2, 4 and 9) demonstrating a major dichotomy between Prunus insititia-related accessions and cultivars belonging to Prunus domestica sensu stricto, as well as differentiation among minor subgroups defined by pomological traits and geographical origin.
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| 5. |
- Nybom, Hilde
(författare)
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Genetisk variation hos körsbär
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pomologen. - 1650-9455. ; , s. 10-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Att sortbestämma körsbär är svårt. DNA-analys gör det lättare att gruppera ihop träd som hör till en och samma sort. Att sedan reda ut vilket namn sorten bör ha kan vara knepigt då många träd i sortsamlingarna har fel etikett.
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| 6. |
- Nybom, Hilde, et al.
(författare)
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Growing English and French cider apple cultivars in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; , s. 9–14-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production of alcoholic apple cider has a long tradition in especially England, France and Spain. The designated cider apple cultivars grown in these countries are closely related to dessert apples but have a higher content of phenols, with procyanidins (tannins) and possibly other phenolic compounds providing the distinct cider aroma. A recently planted observation trial, together with data collected in a commercial orchard, have provided valuable information on the feasibility of growing English and French cider apple cultivars in southern Sweden. Chemical contents (sugar, acid and phenols) were determined in fruit juice of 21 cider apple cultivars in 2016 and 2017. In spite of the delayed fruit ripening in Sweden, contents were on the whole quite similar to what has been reported previously for the same cultivars in their countries of origin. Large-scale cider production may necessitate storage of the harvested fruit for some weeks or months before juicing, and thus tolerance to storage rots is highly desirable. Despite their higher phenolics content, cider apple cultivars were somewhat more susceptible to blue mold (Penicillium exansum) than dessert cultivars, as determined in fruit inoculation experiments.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Nybom, Hilde
(författare)
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Härdiga urmödrar för svenska äpplesorter
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pomologen. - 1650-9455. ; , s. 4-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- De internationellt välkända sorterna Margil, Reinette Franche och Alexander har haft ett stort inflytande på europeiska äpplesorter, inklusive många sorter som odlats i Sverige men då ofta främst i de sydligare delarna. För utveckling av sorter i speciellt Mellansverige och Norrland, har höstsorten Grågylling och sommarsorterna Saint Germain och Vit Astrakan varit väl så viktiga. Deras betydelse är sannolikt en effekt av att de har varit väl anpassade för odling i ett kallare klimat, med egenskaper som god vinterhärdighet samt kort tid mellan blomning och fruktmognad. Dessvärre är alla dessa tre modersorter känsliga för fruktträdskräfta, vilket är ett stort problem inom svensk fruktodling.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Nybom, Hilde
(författare)
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MUNQ-koder
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pomologen. - 1650-9455. ; , s. 11-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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