| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Daskalakis, Kosmas, et al.
(författare)
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Ex vivo activity of cytotoxic drugs and targeted agents in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors
- 2018
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Ingår i: Endocrine-Related Cancer. - 1351-0088 .- 1479-6821. ; 25:4, s. 471-480
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) are generally considered resistant to systemic treatment. To date, predictive markers for drug activity are lacking. Tumor samples from 27 patients with SI-NETs were analyzed ex vivo for sensitivity to a panel of cytotoxic drugs and targeted agents using a short-term total cell kill assay. Samples of renal cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), ovarian cancer and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were included for comparison. For the SI-NET subset, drug sensitivity was analyzed in relation to clinicopathological variables and pre-treatment biomarkers. For cytotoxic drugs, SI-NETs demonstrated similar or higher sensitivity to 5-FU, platinum, gemcitabine and doxorubicin compared with CRC. For several of the targeted kinase inhibitors, SI-NET was among the most sensitive solid tumor types. CLL and ovarian cancer were generally the most sensitive tumor types to both cytotoxic drugs and protein kinase inhibitors. SI-NET was more sensitive to the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus than the other solid tumor types tested. Individual SI-NET samples demonstrated great variability in ex vivo sensitivity for most drugs. Cross-resistance between different drugs also varied considerably, being higher among protein kinase inhibitors. Age, stage, grade, peritoneal carcinomatosis and extra-abdominal metastases as well as serum chromogranin A and urine 5-HIAA concentrations at diagnosis did not correlate to drug sensitivity ex vivo. SI-NETs exhibit intermediate sensitivity ex vivo to cytotoxic and targeted drugs. Clinicopathological factors and currently used biomarkers are not clearly associated to ex vivo sensitivity, challenging these criteria for treatment decisions in SI-NET. The great variability in drug sensitivity calls for individualized selection of therapy.
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| 5. |
- Nygren, Andreas, 1990
(författare)
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Modeling of Spray Formation and Development in OpenFOAM with Application to Diesel and Alcohol Fuels
- 2018
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Legislation with reagards to fuel emissions are becoming more stringent. This creates a need for improved engine concepts and fuels. This work is part of an ongoin project to create a concept for a direct injection dual fuel engine, which uses alcohol as main fuel and diesel as a pilot. The work in this thesis is part of the task to create a CFD model for this engine that can be used for improving the current engine concept. The first part of this project has been to validate the in-house spray model, VSB2 for usage with alcohol fuels. This was done by comparing simululations made in OpenFOAM with experimental data obtained from the Chalmers HT/HP spray chamber. The simulations showed that the model could capture spray penetration at the simulation conditions accurately. It was also concluded that it was neccessary to fix the turbulent length scale in the injector cell to get an accurate prediction of the liquid penetration. The second part of this project has been to improve upon the spray model. This has been done by extending the spray break up treament inside VSB2. The model was extended by implenting a mechanism for removing the stable droplets inside each blob and using these to create child parcels, containing only stable droplets. It was shown that this improves the prediction of liquid penetration, especially at lower temperatures. The Third part of this project, that is still undergoing is to do CFD simulations of a direct injection dual fuel engine. Some preliminary results are shown in this work that show good agreement in the pressure trace. The sprays also ignites in a way that is expected, with the sprays closest to the pilot igniting first. There is still some uncertainty in the results, and further studies and development are needed to produce good results.
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| 6. |
- Nygren, Andreas, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the VSB2 Spray Model for Ethanol under Diesel like Conditions
- 2017
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Ingår i: SAE Technical Papers. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International. - 0148-7191 .- 2688-3627. ; 2017-October
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When developing new combustion concepts, CFD simulations is a powerful tool. The modeling of spray formation is a challenging but important part when it comes to CFD modelling of non-premixed combustion. There is a large difference in the accuracy and robustness among different spray models and their implementation in different CFD codes. In the work presented in this paper a spray model, designated as VSB2 has been implemented in OpenFOAM. VSB2 differ from traditional spray models by replacing the Lagrangian parcels with stochastic blobs. The stochastic blobs consists of a droplet size distribution rather than equal sized droplets, as is the case with the traditional parcel. The VSB2 model has previously been thoroughly validated for spray formation and combustion of n-heptane. The aim of this study was to validate the VSB2 spray model for ethanol spray formation and combustion as a step in modelling dual-fuel combustion with alcohol and diesel. This was done by comparing spray penetration with data obtained from experiments with ethanol in a high-temperature high pressure spray chamber. The spray turbulence interaction is also investigated by the usage of different turbulence models. The study showed that the VSB2 model can be used to predict the formation of an ethanol spray. It was also concluded that the standard k - ε performed better than the realizable k - ε model, and that it is necessary to fix the turbulent length scale in the injector cell to produce accurate results
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| 7. |
- Nygren, Gunnar, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Changing Norms Concerning Verification
- 2018
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Ingår i: Trust in Media and Journalism. - Wiesbaden : Springer. - 9783658207649 - 9783658207656 ; , s. 39-59
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past decade, journalism has undergone dramatic changes as a result of digitalization and multi-platform news production. Online, news is no longer a static product, but a flow of liquid news packages under constant alteration. This chapter discusses how the digital news environment has influenced attitudes towards verification among journalists in Poland, Russia and Sweden. The analysis builds on a survey to 1500 journalists in these countries. Results show a strong support for verification in general, but the new liquid news environment has also created softer attitudes towards verification. Between 30–40 per cent of the journalists believe that the audience has lower demands on news published online. As many hold the view that verification of facts can be done during rather than before publication. The analysis also reveals important differences between organizational cultures and between countries. Broadcast journalists keep their old values of verification to a larger extent, and newspaper journalists seem to accept a higher amount of inaccuracy in online news. Journalists in Poland and Russia have softer attitudes towards verification than journalists in Sweden, reflecting a journalistic culture oriented towards opinions, in contrast to the Anglo-Saxon fact-oriented tradition that characterizes Swedish journalism.
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| 8. |
- Singh, Sukhi, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Adrenaline Improves Platelet Reactivity in Ticagrelor-Treated Healthy Volunteers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 119:5, s. 735-743
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Administration of agents that enhance platelet reactivity may reduce the perioperative bleeding risk in patients treated with the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-receptor antagonist ticagrelor. Adrenaline potentiates ADP-induced aggregation and activation in blood samples from ticagrelor-treated patients, but it has not previously been evaluated in vivo.METHODS: Ten healthy male subjects were included in an interventional study. A loading dose of ticagrelor (180 mg) was administered, followed 2 hours later by a gradually increased intravenous adrenaline infusion (0.01, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 µg/kg/min; 15 minutes at each step). Blood pressure, heart rate, platelet aggregation (impedance aggregometry), platelet activation (flow cytometry), clot formation (rotational thromboelastometry) and adrenaline plasma concentration were determined before and after ticagrelor administration and at the end of each adrenaline step.RESULTS: = 0.007).CONCLUSION: Infusion of adrenaline at clinically relevant doses improves in vivo platelet reactivity and clot formation in ticagrelor-treated subjects. Adrenaline could thus potentially be used to prevent perioperative bleeding complications in ticagrelor-treated patients. Studies in patients are necessary to determine the clinical importance of our observations.TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03441412.
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| 9. |
- Singh, Sukhi, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Intraoperative infusion of noradrenaline improves platelet aggregation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a randomized controlled trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 17:4, s. 657-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background New approaches to prevent bleeding complications during cardiac surgery are needed. Objective To investigate if noradrenaline (NA) enhances platelet aggregation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Patients/Methods Twenty-four patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were included in a prospective parallel-group randomized study. All patients but one were treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). In the treatment group (n = 12), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was maintained at pre-induction levels by NA infusion. In the control group (n = 12), NA was administered only if MAP decreased below 60 mmHg. Platelet aggregation (impedance aggregometry with ADP, arachidonic acid [AA] and thrombin-receptor activating peptide [TRAP] as initiators) and clot formation (clotting time, clot formation time and maximum clot firmness by EXTEM, INTEM and FIBTEM tests with thromboelastometry) were assessed before and 50 min after anesthesia induction (before cardiopulmonary bypass was initiated). Results All patients in the treatment group received NA (median dose after 50 min 0.09 (range 0-0.26) mu g kg(-1) min(-1)). Four patients in the control group also received NA (0.03-0.12 mu g kg(-1) min(-1)). There were differences between the treatment group and the control group in ADP- and AA-induced aggregation changes (ADP, +16 [25th-75th percentiles, 5-26] vs. -7 [-19 to -1] U; AA, +12 [-4 to 16] vs. -9 [-13 to 1] U). INTEM maximum clot firmness increased in the treatment group but not in the control group. Conclusion Infusion of clinically relevant doses of NA enhanced platelet aggregation and clot firmness in ASA-treated CABG patients. NA infusion is hence a potential new method to acutely improve platelet reactivity in patients on antiplatelet therapy undergoing surgery.
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| 10. |
- Skärsäter, Ingela, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Theme Health Innovation at Halmstad University - research, education and collaboration for welfare technology
- 2015
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Ingår i: Abstracts: 19th International Philosophy of Nursing Society (IPONS) conference August 24-26, 2015 Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet. ; , s. 41-41
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In face of escalating health care costs, new technology holds great promise for innovative solutions and new more sustainable health care model. Welfare technology around a person allowing for greater autonomy and control in health issues and access to tailored information and personalized health behavior interventions. While this offers good opportunities for both public health impact, it also emphasizes the need for properly knowledge base and organizational structure to support a person- centred approach in the development of welfare technology in society. Halmstad University initiated in 2014 a thematic research and educational initiative that has been named Theme Health Innovation. The initiative includes research, education and interaction with the community, region and industry, which in collaboration can contribute with innovative and sustainable solutions to social challenges in the health field. The starting point for the work is action based on societal and individual needs and development of venues for collaboration between different actors and levels of organization. Theme Health Innovation aims to develop and affect people's ability to maintain and promote their health and prevent ill health. Health Innovations developed in encounters between different knowledge, skills and experiences, both within the university's research and education in collaboration with industry and the public sector. Health Innovations that are developed should be based on the needs from the people who will use the innovation, thus have an end user perspective. At the conference, the Theme Health Innovation will be presented including the organizational structure, research as well as training in higher education that support the welfare technical development.
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