| 1. |
- Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
|
|
| 2. |
- Alonso, Lorena, et al.
(författare)
-
TIGER : The gene expression regulatory variation landscape of human pancreatic islets
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-1247. ; 37:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified hundreds of signals associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). To gain insight into their underlying molecular mechanisms, we have created the translational human pancreatic islet genotype tissue-expression resource (TIGER), aggregating >500 human islet genomic datasets from five cohorts in the Horizon 2020 consortium T2DSystems. We impute genotypes using four reference panels and meta-analyze cohorts to improve the coverage of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and develop a method to combine allele-specific expression across samples (cASE). We identify >1 million islet eQTLs, 53 of which colocalize with T2D signals. Among them, a low-frequency allele that reduces T2D risk by half increases CCND2 expression. We identify eight cASE colocalizations, among which we found a T2D-associated SLC30A8 variant. We make all data available through the TIGER portal (http://tiger.bsc.es), which represents a comprehensive human islet genomic data resource to elucidate how genetic variation affects islet function and translates into therapeutic insight and precision medicine for T2D.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Björne, Petra, et al.
(författare)
-
Passing laws is not enough to change staff practice: The case of legally mandated "incident" reporting in Sweden
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-8250 .- 1469-9532.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background It is mandatory for staff in Swedish community services for people with intellectual disabilities to report incidents of error or malpractice. Aim The aim is to study if incident reports contribute to developing quality in services for people with intellectual disabilities who present with challenging behaviours. Method 159 reports on incidents from group homes and daily activities services were accessed and analysed using narrative thematic analysis. Results Most reports concerned altercations between service users. Analysis focused mainly on the immediate incident and attributes of service users. Amendments were not (obviously) aligned with causes, and neither sufficiently addressed structural shortcomings. Restrictive measures were described, but changes in practices were not mentioned. Reports including Self-injurious behaviour (SIB) were conspicuously absent. Conclusion Reports are handled in a seemingly perfunctory manner, without any development. Quality development relying on staff reports and front-line managers' investigations requires support based on values rather than on the legal framework.
|
|
| 5. |
- Björne, Petra, et al.
(författare)
-
The Use of Restrictive Measures in Community Services for People With Intellectual Disabilities in Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities. - : Wiley. - 1741-1122 .- 1741-1130. ; 19:2, s. 193-201
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Community services for Swedish people with intellectual disability (ID) are intended to support self-determination and integrity. Legislation does not allow the use of restrictive or coercive measures. Aim The aim of this study is to identify the extent of, rationale for, and strategies staff believe would reduce the use of restrictive measures in group homes and daily activities services for people with ID. Method A survey was sent to all staff in group homes and daily activities in one large Swedish municipality. The survey comprised four Likert style questions and one free text question, addressing the type of and reasons for restrictive measures, and how much staff value their replacement. A total of 250 surveys were completed. Results A third of staff reported that some restrictive measures were used daily or weekly, primarily to protect and support service users. Adequate numbers of staff, better service design, and training were considered necessary for change. Conclusion Staff report structural reasons, such as staffing, resources time, lack of training, and supervision for using restrictive measures. Staff see reducing the use of restrictive measures as requiring structural changes with engagement from the whole organization.
|
|
| 6. |
- Boldrup, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
Levels of MUC1 in tumours and serum of patients with different sub-types of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Oncology Letters. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1792-1074 .- 1792-1082. ; 20:2, s. 1709-1718
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a membrane-bound and secreted glycoprotein that has a protective role in surface epithelia. We recently demonstrated that MUC1 mRNA expression was upregulated in tumour-free tongue tissues adjacent to squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT) compared with that in the tumour tissues. The present study investigated MUC1 protein in SCCOT tissue and serum from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) at different sub-sites. The results from immunohistochemistry demonstrated that all SCCOT tissues expressed MUC1; however, the protein levels were not correlated with MUC1 mRNA levels in the same tumours. Furthermore, serum MUC1 level was lower in patients with SCCOT, tonsil SCC and gingival SCC compared with that in healthy subjects; however, the difference was only significant for patients with SCCOT (P=0.0421). No correlation was seen between MUC1 level in tumour tissues and MUCI level in serum from the same patients. The absence of correlation between MUC1 protein and mRNA levels in SCCOT tissues emphasized the importance of validating genomic data in clinical samples. Although significant MUC1 downregulation was observed in the serum of patients with SCCOT, there was a large variation within the groups, suggesting that MUC1 may not be used as a biomarker for these types of tumors.
|
|
| 7. |
- Fusar-Poli, Laura, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychometric properties of the Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults Screening Questionnaire (ASDASQ) in a sample of Italian psychiatric outpatients
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 1750-9467. ; 78
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The present study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Italian version of the Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults Screening Questionnaire (ASDASQ), a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among psychiatric outpatients. Methods: We recruited 340 subjects via an outpatient psychiatric service in Italy. Forty-eight had a diagnosis of ASD, confirmed after a comprehensive clinical assessment and the administration of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2). The remaining 292 participants had other diagnoses, confirmed after a careful psychiatric evaluation and the administration of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). The ASDASQ was administered to contact clinicians of each subject. Results: The ASDASQ showed outstanding accuracy (AUC = 0.96) in discriminating between ASD and non-ASD patients, with good sensitivity (0.85) and specificity (0.92). Agreement with clinical diagnosis was substantial (k = 0.68). Internal consistency of the tool was good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82), while intra- (ICC = 0.97) and inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.92) were excellent. We found also a moderate correlation between ASDASQ and ADOS-2 scores in the ASD sample (r = 0.56). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the ASDASQ, in the Italian adaptation, may be considered a quick, simple, and effective tool to screen for ASD among psychiatric outpatients. Further studies are needed to evaluate its utility in other clinical settings.
|
|
| 8. |
- Landgren, Valdemar, 1988, et al.
(författare)
-
Inability to start or complete upper secondary school strongly predicts unemployment and psychosocial and psychiatric adversities - A register-based follow-up study from southwestern Sweden
- 2024
-
Ingår i: ACTA PAEDIATRICA. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimTo study academic, social and psychiatric outcomes among adults in the general population in southwestern Sweden. Groups of individuals born in 1998 and ineligible, eligible but not completed, and eligible and completed upper secondary school were followed in 2020.MethodsData were retrieved from Statistics Sweden, the Swedish National Agency for Education, the Longitudinal Integrated Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies, the Swedish National Crime Register and the National Patient Register. The four adverse outcomes neither engaging in post-secondary studies nor having a regular salary, needing social benefits, having any criminal conviction, and having a psychiatric disorder at age >= 16 were examined.ResultsOf the final sample of 2706 individuals who had attended 9th grade of compulsory school in 2014, 273 (10%) were ineligible for upper secondary school. Of eligible individuals, 82 (3%) never started, 282 (10%) did not complete and 2065 (77%) completed upper secondary school. Compared with completers, the odds ratios for adverse outcomes were markedly increased for all other groups up to 22 years old.ConclusionInability to start or complete upper secondary school strongly predicted unemployment and psychosocial and psychiatric adversities. School authorities should consider offering vocational programmes post compulsory school without grade restrictions.
|
|
| 9. |
- Mortazavi, Susanne E., et al.
(författare)
-
Acquisition of complement fixing antibodies targeting Plasmodium falciparum merozoites in infants and their mothers in Uganda
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - 1664-3224. ; 14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Antibody-mediated complement fixation has previously been associated with protection against malaria in naturally acquired immunity. However, the process of early-life development of complement-fixing antibodies in infants, both in comparison to their respective mothers and to other immune parameters, remains less clear. Results: We measured complement-fixing antibodies in newborns and their mothers in a malaria endemic area over 5 years follow-up and found that infants’ complement-fixing antibody levels were highest at birth, decreased until six months, then increased progressively until they were similar to birth at five years. Infants with high levels at birth experienced a faster decay of complement-fixing antibodies but showed similar levels to the low response group of newborns thereafter. No difference was observed in antibody levels between infant cord blood and mothers at delivery. The same result was found when categorized into high and low response groups, indicating placental transfer of antibodies. Complement-fixing antibodies were positively correlated with total schizont-specific IgG and IgM levels in mothers and infants at several time points. At nine months, complement-fixing antibodies were negatively correlated with total B cell frequency and osteopontin concentrations in the infants, while positively correlated with atypical memory B cells and P. falciparum-positive atypical memory B cells. Conclusion: This study indicates that complement-fixing antibodies against P. falciparum merozoites are produced in the mothers and placentally-transferred, and they are acquired in infants over time during the first years of life. Understanding early life immune responses is crucial for developing a functional, long lasting malaria vaccine.
|
|
| 10. |
- Nilsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-Disorders in Asperger Syndrome Compared to Schizotypal Disorder : A Clinical Study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Schizophrenia Bulletin. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1745-1701 .- 0586-7614. ; 46:1, s. 121-129
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: There are historical and theoretical indications of a difference in subjective experience between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the schizophrenia spectrum. However, this difference has not been empirically explored. Therefore, to explore potential differences in subjective experience between the 2 spectra, we examined the presence/absence of self-disorders in Asperger syndrome/autism spectrum disorder (As/ASD) compared to schizotypal disorder (Sd). Self-disorders represent changes in basic self-awareness which have been found to accumulate within the schizophrenia spectrum. METHODS: All participants were recruited from clinical units and interviewed with a focus on the exploration of presence/absence of self-disorders, with the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE) scale, and a general assessment of present psychopathology, with Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN). RESULTS: A total of 51 participants (As/ASD, n = 22; Sd, n = 29) were included in the statistical analyses. When controlling for age, gender, years of education, mental problems before the age of 16, and special needs school attendance, there was a clear difference in presence/absence of self-disorders between the 2 groups, with significantly higher levels in the Sd group. Further, there was an overlap in SCAN-rated symptoms between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate a significant difference between As/ASD and Sd at the level of the basic self, which, in turn, indicates that an exploration of anomalous self-experience is a valuable supplement in the clinical differentiation between As/ASD and Sd.
|
|
