| 1. |
- Nylander, P O, et al.
(författare)
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Migraine : temperament and character.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 30:5, s. 359-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The personality profile of 26 adult migraine patients from a large Swedish family with migraine and 87 controls were studied by means of Cloninger's seven-factor model of Temperament and Character (TCI; Temperament and Character Inventory). For the diagnosis of migraine, a questionnaire, slightly modified to fit the criteria according to the AD HOC committee on the classification of headaches of the International Headache Society, was used. The TCI assesses four dimensions of temperament, including novelty-seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence (RD) and persistence (P), and three dimensions of character, including self-directedness (SD), co-operativeness (C) and self-transcendence (ST). Psychiatric morbidity did not differ between this family and the general population. One migraine patient had double depression (dysthymia and recurrent depression) and one had a personality disorder. No significant difference could be found in the higher order dimensions of temperament (NS, HA, RD and P) and character (SD, C and ST) between migraine patients and controls. However, on the subscale level, NS showed a slightly higher average in NS1 (exploratory excitability) and a significantly higher (p = 0.0448) average in NS2 (impulsivity) in migraine patients compared to controls. Somatic anxiety has been shown to be positively correlated with NS, and especially impulsivity. Our results showed a tendency of this personality profile, and may suggest an association between migraine and somatic anxiety.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Chotai, Jayanti, et al.
(författare)
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Anticipation in Swedish families with schizophrenia.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 5:4, s. 181-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nineteen parent-offspring pairs obtained from 14 two-generation families with available medical records and diagnosis of schizophrenia were studied to compare the ages of onset of the parent generation with those of the offspring generation. The mean age of onset for the parent generation was 37.3 +/- 6.0 years and for the offspring generation was 20.8 +/- 4.4. The mean difference was thus 16.5 +/- 6.2, suggesting the occurrence of anticipation in schizophrenia (p < 0.001). Although some ascertainment biases (like reduced fertility in early-onset parents or early detection of symptoms in offsprings of affected parents) may partially contribute to the occurrence of anticipation, this study replicates recent reports of anticipation in several neuropsychiatric disorders, some of which have been shown to be associated with unstable expansions of trinucleotide repeats in the genomic DNA.
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| 4. |
- Engström, C, et al.
(författare)
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Anticipation in unipolar affective disorder.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 35:1-2, s. 31-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anticipation describes an inheritance pattern within a pedigree with an increase in disease severity and/or decrease in age at onset in successive generations. The phenomenon of anticipation has recently been shown to be correlated with the expansion of trinucleotide repeat sequences in a neuromuscular disease, various neurodegenerative disorders and mental retardation. We have studied parent-offspring differences in age at onset and disease severity in 31 pairs with unilineal inheritance of unipolar affective disorder (UPAD). Life-table analyses showed a significant decrease in survival to 1st episode of major depression in the offspring generation compared with the parental generation (P = 0.0007). There was also a significant difference in age at onset (P < 0.001) between parents and offsprings. The offspring generation experienced onset 15.6 years earlier and illness 1.5 x more severe than did the parent generation. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation (P < 0.05) in age at onset between parent and offspring generations. When we excluded pairs where the affected parent has an age of onset greater than the age of the child at the time of ascertainment (i.e., 23 pairs left), there was still a significant (P = 0.02) decrease in age at onset (8.4 years) and 1.5 x more severe disease in the offspring generation. No evidence for specific maternal or paternal inheritance was found. We found evidence of anticipation in 75-80% of this sample of unilineal family pairs of UPAD. Anticipation is, thus, an inheritance pattern in a large group of UPAD which suggests that the expansion of trinucleotide repeat sequences is a possible mode of inheritance in this group of UPAD. The findings of anticipation in this study of families with UPAD and previous findings in families with BPAD suggest that the variable expression of unstable expansions of trinucleotide repeats may turn out to be the basis of the continuum of liability in affective disorders.
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| 5. |
- Lindholm, E, et al.
(författare)
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Linkage analysis of a Swedish kindred provides further support for a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia on chromosome 6p23
- 1999
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Ingår i: American Journal of Medical Genetics. - 0148-7299 .- 1096-8628. ; 88:4, s. 369-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several reports have indicated genetic linkage between markers on the short arm of chromosome 6 and schizophrenia. However, significant threshold levels were not always achieved, and the chromosomal regions identified are large and different in different families. One way to decrease the problem of heterogeneity is to study a single extended pedigree. Here we report the analysis of a very large, previously undescribed pedigree from northern Sweden that includes 31 affected individuals. We typed 16 markers spanning 40 cM on the short arm of chromosome 6. Linkage analysis was performed only with the affected individuals. Suggestive lod scores (maximum 2.6) were obtained with markers on chromosome 6p23 in a single branch of the large pedigree indicating possible heterogeneity inside the family. A haplotype comprising markers from D6S309 to D6S1578 was found to segregate with the disease. This chromosomal region is included within a segment proposed to contain a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia by many other investigators. Our results thus give further support for a possible localization of a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia in 6p23 and help to narrow the candidate chromosomal region to the segment included between markers D6S309 and D6S1578. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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| 6. |
- Nylander, P O, et al.
(författare)
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Polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLO-SL) : a genealogical study of Swedish families of probable Finnish background.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Clinical Genetics. - 0009-9163 .- 1399-0004. ; 50:5, s. 353-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four Swedish families in northern Sweden with polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia (PLO-SL) were studied genealogically. Historical and genealogical date provided evidence for a Finnish origin. Both parents of two of the families could be traced back to Finnish ancestors, and the other two families had a common origin in a region with a known Finnish influence, but without evidence for Finnish ancestry. PLO-SL is the first rare monogenic disease with an autosomal recessive inheritance in Sweden with a probable Finnish origin.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sandin, J, et al.
(författare)
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Hippocampal dynorphin B injections impair spatial learning in rats : a kappa-opioid receptor-mediated effect
- 1998
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Ingår i: Neuroscience. - 0306-4522 .- 1873-7544. ; 85:2, s. 375-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hippocampus plays a central role in the acquisition and storage of information. Long-term potentiation in the mossy fibre pathway to the CA3 region in the hippocampus, an animal model of memory acquisition, is modulated by dynorphin peptides. This study investigated the possible role of hippocampal dynorphin in spatial learning. Male rats were trained in the Morris Water Task after microinjection with different doses of dynorphin B (1, 3.3 or 10 nmol/rat) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (as control) into the CA3 region of the dorsal hippocampus. Dynorphin B was found to impair spatial learning at all tested doses. The synthetic kappa1-selective opiate receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (2 nmol) also given into the hippocampus fully blocked the acquisition impairment caused by dynorphin B (10 nmol), while nor-binaltorphimine alone did not affect learning performance. These findings suggest that dynorphin peptides could play a modulatory role in hippocampal plasticity by acting on hippocampal kappa-receptors and thereby impair spatial learning.
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| 9. |
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