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- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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High incidence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis in western Sweden. A population-based study from 1980 to 1998
- 2006
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Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 26:4, s. 343-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional differences in Sweden in the prevalence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis are unexplained, in spite of the significant impact on the population's health, rehabilitation systems, and the health care system. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of disability pensions with a psychiatric diagnosis and to analyze the impact of age and gender. We examined the incidencerates in one urban and one semi-rural region and compared these to national rates. The study sample was drawn from employed persons between 16-64 years of age who, because of their sickness insurance coverage, would be eligible to access disability pensions should it be necessary. Analysis of annual incidences and standardized morbidity ratios were made for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 1998. Data ondisability pension cases were collected from the National Social Insurance registers. In the urban region we found that the proportion of men and women clearly outnumbered the national average: approximately twice the number of persons between 16-64 years of age with apsychiatric diagnosis were receiving a disability pension. In the semi-rural region there were fewer men overall on disability pensionswith psychiatric disorders, but in 1980, 1985, and 1995 women clearly outnumbered men. Access to psychiatric care, unemployment, alcohol dependence, and previous sickness absence are suggested as possible factors that might affect the rates of disability pension in different geographical settings. © 2006 IOS Press. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Staland Nyman, Carin, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between strain in domestic work and self-rated health: A study of employed women in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - London : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 36:1, s. 21-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the association between strain in domestic work and self-rated health among employed women in Sweden, using two different methods of measuring strain in domestic work. Methods: Questionnaire data were collected on health and living conditions in paid and unpaid work for employed women (n=1,417), aged 17—64 years. ``Domestic job strain'' was an application of the demand—control model developed by Karasek and Theorell, and ``Domestic work equity and marital satisfaction'' was measured by questions on the division of and responsibility for domestic work and relationship with spouse/cohabiter. Self-rated health was measured using the SF-36 Health Survey. Associations were analysed by bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses, and reported as standardized regression coefficients. Results: Higher strain in domestic work was associated with lower self-rated health, also after controlling for potential confounders and according to both strain measures. ``Domestic work equity and marital satisfaction'' showed for example negative associations with mental health β -0.211 (p<0.001), vitality β -0.195 (p<0.001), social function -0.132 (p<0.01) and physical role β -0.115 (p<0.01). The highest associations between ``Domestic job strain'' and SF-36 were found for vitality β -0.156 (p<0.001), mental health β -0.123 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Strain in domestic work, including perceived inequity in the relationship and lack of a satisfactory relationship with a spouse/ cohabiter, was associated with lower self-rated health in this cross-sectional study. Future research needs to address the specific importance of strain in domestic work as a contributory factor to women's ill-health.
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| 3. |
- Staland Nyman, Carin, 1963
(författare)
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Domestic Workload and Multiple Roles. Epidemiological findings on health and sickness absence in women
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: The objective of this thesis was to analyse the importance of specific exposures in women?s lives to health and sickness absence; more precisely to study the association between domestic work, multiple roles and the experience of being sick-listed, and self-rated health, psychiatric disorders and sickness absence. Method: The thesis was based on two datasets. ?Women?s health and living conditions? (WHL) is a cross-sectional study on 1 417 employed women aged 17 to 64 years old. Data was collected with a questionnaire, and register and employee data on sickness absence. ?Women and alcohol in Göteborg? (WAG) is a prospective cohort study on 1 799 women in eight age cohorts born from 1925 to 1980. Data was collected with a screening questionnaire, interviews and register-based sickness absence. Several aspects of domestic work, multiple roles and experience of sickness absence were analysed in relation to self-rated health (SF-36), psychiatric disorders (DSM-III and IV) and sickness absence. The study on multiple roles emanated from the role strain and role enhancement hypotheses and roles were analysed as single roles and as combinations of roles. Changes in self-rated physical health were assessed in relation to experience of sickness absence over five year. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted using multivariate regressions analyses. Results: Domestic job strain and a lack of domestic work equity and marital satisfaction were associated with lower self-rated health particularly vitality and mental health. The former was not associated to sickness absence, but the latter was. Women with domestic workload due to children and adults with special needs had higher odds for medium-long sick-leave spells, while parental responsibility gave lower odds for any sick-leave spell. Occupation was related to lower odds for poor self-rated physical health and sickness absence, while the parental role was associated with higher odds for sickness absence. Compared with women who had all three roles women with occupation and partner role had lower odds for negative health outcomes. Support was found for the role strain hypothesis in the cross-sectional analyses of role combinations while neither of the hypotheses was supported in the five year follow up. A lower proportion of those who had experience of being sick-listed reported good health at both baseline and follow up. Women with psychiatric disorders had higher odds for a change from poor to good self-rated physical health over the five years if they had been sick-listed. Conclusion: Domestic workload was associated to health and sickness absence in women, but there were inconsistencies in the findings on children and being a parent and on multiple roles. From a public health perspective, deeper knowledge on the importance of women?s engagement domestic work and its different dimensions is important for promoting women?s health. A multidimensional assessment of domestic work is important and the content and complexity of domestic work and of different roles needs to be further explored in relation to health and sickness absence in women.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Staland Nyman, Carin, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring consequences of sickness absence - a longitudinal study on changes in self-rated physical health.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Work (Reading, Mass.). - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1875-9270 .- 1051-9815. ; 34:3, s. 315-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women experience sickness absence more often than men, but few studies have addressed the possibility that the sick-leave period itself could be regarded as an exposure with possible positive or negative consequences on health. The aim was to explore the association between experience of sickness absence and self-rated physical health. Interview data from population samples in 1990 and 1995 of women born in 1935, 1945, 1955 and 1965 (n=231) were used. 'Any sick-leave' and 'Long sick-leave' were used as exposure measures and analyzed in relation to change in self-rated physical health with multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for age and prior sickness absence. Separate analyses were performed for women with psychiatric disorders (DSM-III-R) and different level of domestic responsibility. The proportion reporting good health at baseline and follow up were lower when experienced sickness absence compared to those who had not. For women exposed to long sick-leave, the OR for remained poor health were 4.1 (95% CI 1.1-15.4), and for women with psychiatric disorders, the OR for a change from poor to good health was 9.9 (1.7-58.5). Women with high level of domestic responsibility and exposed to long sick-leave, had increased ORs for both a positive and negative change in health. This explorative study contributes to the sparse knowledge of consequences on health of sickness absence.
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| 9. |
- Staland Nyman, Carin, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Sickness absence in women—what are the associations with domestic work?
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 18:Suppl. 1, s. 36-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IssueOne explanation put forward for women’s higher sickness absence, is they often have the main responsibility for the domestic work. Studies on the association between health and ‘double burden’ and ‘interactions between paid and unpaid work’, respectively are common. Few have addressed the association with sickness absence and the specific impact of domestic work.Description of the problemCompared with paid work, measures on exposure to domestic work are scarce and less developed. In previous studies on association between domestic work and sickness absence, different measures, such as number and age of children at home, responsibility for household work, working hours in domestic work, and interference between paid and unpaid work have been used. Results are inconsistent and improved measures have been asked for. In a study on employed women in Sweden, a multidimensional perspective of domestic work was used in constructing different measures of domestic work. No associations were found between sickness absence and ‘domestic job strain’. ‘caring activities related to adults’, ‘caring activities related to children’ and ‘domestic life events or difficulties’ were associated with higher risk of sick-leave spells from 8 to 30 days. Lacking ‘domestic work equity and marital satisfaction’ was associated with a higher risk of a new sick-leave spell during the study period, while ‘parental responsibility’ was associated with lower risk of sick-leave.Lessons learnedDomestic work combines life domains and work tasks with very different meaning and content. A multidimensional assessment of domestic work contributed to identify specific aspects of domestic work that might affect women’s sickness absence, and that might be possible to prevent. Future research needs to improve measures focusing both general and specific domestic work aspects as well as contextual factors so that the complexity of domestic work becomes better defined and operationalized.
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