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- Finnerty, N. J., et al.
(författare)
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Brain nitric oxide: Regional characterisation of a real-time microelectrochemical sensor
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0270. ; 209:1, s. 13-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A reliable method of directly measuring endogenously generated nitric oxide (NO) in real-time and in various brain regions is presented. An extensive characterisation of a previously described amperometric sensor has been carried out in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats. Systemic administration of saline caused a transient increase in signal from baseline levels in both the prefrontal cortex (13 +/- 3 pA, n = 17) and nucleus accumbens (12 +/- 3 pA, n = 8). NO levels in the prefrontal cortex were significantly increased by 43 +/- 9 pA (n = 9) following administration of L-arginine. A similar trend was observed in the nucleus accumbens, where an increase of 44 +/- 9 pA (n = 8) was observed when compared against baseline levels. Systemic injections of the non-selective NOS inhibitor L-NAME produced a significant decrease in current recorded in the prefrontal cortex (24 +/- 6 pA, n = 5) and nucleus accumbens (17 +/- 3 pA, n = 6). Finally it was necessary to validate the sensors functionality in vivo by investigating the effect of the interferent ascorbate on the oxidation current. The current showed no variation in both regions over the selected time interval of 60 min, indicating no deterioration of the polymer membrane. A detailed comparison identified significantly greater affects of administrations on NO sensors implanted in the striatum than those inserted in the prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Ljungman, P., et al.
(författare)
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Long-term follow-up of HCV-infected hematopoietic SCT patients and effects of antiviral therapy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bone Marrow Transplantation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5365 .- 0268-3369. ; 47:9, s. 1217-1221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This prospective study was initiated in 1993 with the aim to study late effects and responses to antiviral therapy in a cohort of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. A total of 195 patients were included from 12 centers. In all, 134 patients had undergone allogeneic and 61 autologous hematopoietic SCT (HSCT). The median follow-up from HSCT is currently 16.8 years and the maximum 27.2 years. Overall 33 of 195 patients have died of which 6 died from liver complications. The survival probability was 81.6% and the cumulative incidence for death in liver complications was 6.1% at 20 years after HSCT. The cumulative incidence of severe liver complications (death from liver failure, cirrhosis and liver transplantation) was 11.7% at 20 years after HSCT. In all, 85 patients have been treated with IFN; 42 in combination with ribavirin. The sustained response rate was 40%. The rates of severe side effects were comparable to other patient populations and no patient developed significant exacerbations of GVHD. Patients receiving antiviral therapy had a trend toward a decreased risk of severe liver complications (odds ratio=0.33; P=0.058). HCV infection is associated with morbidity and mortality in long-term survivors after HSCT. Antiviral therapy can be given safely and might reduce the risk for severe complications.
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