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Sökning: WFRF:(Ocana J) > (2010-2014)

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  • Herrera, I., et al. (författare)
  • Environmental impact assessment of decentralized generation of heat and power in Santa Clara city, Cuba
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems, ECOS 2013. - : China International Conference Center for Science and Technology.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the last two centuries, population and resources consumption, including energy, have experienced a great expansion, which has led to a rapid increase in the scale of the anthropogenic impact on the environment. Some of the most visible anthropogenic impacts are those related to the use of fossil energy, since it provides about 87% of the worldwide energy demand. Fossil fuels combustion causes large emissions of atmospheric pollutants, which have been demonstrated to cause damages to a wide range of receptors, including human health, natural ecosystems, and the built environment. In Cuba fossil fuels represent roughly 89% of the total energy used, from this amount, about 4 229 thousands toe (46% of the fossil fuels consumption) are used for power generation and 2 273 thousands toe (25% of the fossil fuels consumption) are used for heat generation. An important fraction (about 25%) of the fuel devoted to generate electricity is consumed in Decentralized Power Stations (DPS), some of them located in highly populated areas, and a similar situation occurs with some heat generation facilities. These circumstances are probably the reason why air quality in several cities has become a visible problem, due to pollutant gas emissions. In this way the impacts related to these facilities require a detailed analysis; especially human health impacts due to the incremental exposure to polluting gases. This paper presents an environmental impact analysis in Santa Clara City. The study include four DPS, with a total installed power of 84 MW, and ten heat generation facilities, with a total installed capacity of 16.3 MW. With this purpose an Integrated Assessment of Energy Supply (IAES), based on the state of the art in engineering, dispersion models, air quality and epidemiology was carried out. This includes a perturbations analysis to reduce the negative impacts with low investment actions. The baseline and two other scenario scenarios were studied. It was demonstrated that northwest DPS cause the highest local impact in terms of years of life lost due to incremental air pollutants concentrations. The most affected areas were identified in the northwest and southwest of the city. It was determined a potential impacts on health reduction about 13%, and to reduce greenhouse gases emissions from heat generation facilities about 10%.
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