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- Oh, JK, et al.
(författare)
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Cudrania tricuspidata Combined with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Modulate Gut Microbiota and Alleviate Obesity-Associated Metabolic Parameters in Obese Mice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 9:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the presented study was to investigate the synbiotic effects of L. rhamnosus 4B15 and C. tricuspidata extract administration on the gut microbiota and obesity-associated metabolic parameters in diet-induced obese mice. Thirty-one 6-week-old male C57BL/N6 mice were divided into five diet groups: normal diet (ND, n = 7) group; high-fat diet (HFD, n = 6) group; probiotic (PRO, n = 5) group; prebiotic (PRE, n = 7) group; and synbiotic (SYN, n = 6) group. After 10 weeks, the percent of fat mass, serum triglyceride, and ALT levels were significantly reduced in SYN-fed obese mice, compared with other treatments. SYN treatment also modulated the abundance of Desulfovibrio, Dorea, Adlercreutzia, Allobaculum, Coprococcus, unclassified Clostridiaceae, Lactobacillus, Helicobacter, Flexispira, Odoribacter, Ruminococcus, unclassified Erysipelotrichaceae, and unclassified Desulfovibrionaceae. These taxa showed a strong correlation with obesity-associated indices. Lastly, the SYN-supplemented diet upregulated metabolic pathways known to improve metabolic health. Further investigations are needed to understand the mechanisms driving the synbiotic effect of C. tricuspidata and L. rhamnosus 4B15.
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- Taddei, C, et al.
(författare)
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Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 582:7810, s. 73-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.
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- Bagon, BB, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the Bile Stress Response of Lactobacillus mucosae LM1 through Exoproteome Analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 1420-3049. ; 26:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lactobacillus sp. have long been studied for their great potential in probiotic applications. Recently, proteomics analysis has become a useful tool for studies on potential lactobacilli probiotics. Specifically, proteomics has helped determine and describe the physiological changes that lactic acid bacteria undergo in specific conditions, especially in the host gut. In particular, the extracellular proteome, or exoproteome, of lactobacilli contains proteins specific to host– or environment–microbe interactions. Using gel-free, label-free ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, we explored the exoproteome of the probiotic candidate Lactobacillus mucosae LM1 subjected to bile treatment, to determine the proteins it may use against bile stress in the gut. Bile stress increased the size of the LM1 exoproteome, secreting ribosomal proteins (50S ribosomal protein L27 and L16) and metabolic proteins (lactate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenases, among others) that might have moonlighting functions in the LM1 bile stress response. Interestingly, membrane-associated proteins (transporters, peptidase, ligase and cell division protein ftsH) were among the key proteins whose secretion were induced by the LM1 bile stress response. These specific proteins from LM1 exoproteome will be useful in observing the proposed bile response mechanisms via in vitro experiments. Our data also reveal the possible beneficial effects of LM1 to the host gut.
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