| 1. |
- Caputo, Jennifer, et al.
(författare)
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Spousal order of migration, gender, and hospitalization among immigrants in Denmark
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50:2, s. 172-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Certain migration contexts that may help clarify immigrants’ health needs are understudied, including the order in which married individuals migrate. Research shows that men, who are healthier than women across most populations, often migrate to a host country before women. Using Danish register data, we investigate descriptive patterns in the order that married men and women arrive in Denmark, as well as whether migration order is related to overnight hospitalizations. Methods: The study base includes married immigrants who lived in Denmark between January 1, 1980 and December 31, 2014 (N = 13,680). We use event history models to examine the influence of spousal migration order on hospitalizations. Results: The order that married individuals arrive in Denmark is indeed highly gendered, with men tending to arrive first, and varies by country of origin. Risk of hospitalization after age 50 does not depend on whether an individual migrated before, after, or at the same time as their spouse among either men or women. However, among those aged 18+, men migrating before their wives are more likely to experience hospitalizations within the first 5 years of arrival. Conclusions: These findings provide the first key insights about gendered migration patterns in Denmark. Although spousal order of migration is not related to overnight hospitalization among women, our findings provide preliminary evidence that men age 18+ who are first to arrive experience more hospitalization events in the following 5 years. Future research should explore additional outcomes and whether other gendered migration contexts are related to immigrants’ health.
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| 2. |
- Carollo, Angela, et al.
(författare)
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Is the age difference between partners related to women's earnings?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Demographic Research. - 1435-9871. ; 41, s. 425-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Women earn less than men at most career stages. Explanations for a gender gap in wages include gender differences in the allocation of household and domestic work. At the family level, a marital age difference is an important shared characteristic that might play a role in determining a woman's career trajectory, and, therefore, her income. Since women tend to marry older men, we investigate whether women whose husbands are older have lower incomes than women whose husbands are the same age or younger. OBJECTIVE This study investigates whether the age gap between a woman and her partner was associated with her income in Denmark in 2010. METHODS We use data on Danish female twin pairs in 2010. Our design includes samples within twin pairs (n = 4,716) and pooled twin samples (n = 13,354) to account for differences in early household environments and uses unconditional quantile regression to model the association between the age gap and the woman's income. RESULTS We find a statistically significant association between the marital age gap and the woman's income. The form of this association appears to be complex and varies across the income and age gap distribution. However, the magnitude of the estimated effects is small in economic terms. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the marital age gap is unlikely to be an important determinant of a woman's income, at least in Denmark. CONTRIBUTION To our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the association between marital age differences and a woman's earnings using a twin design and high-quality register data.
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| 3. |
- Meinow, Bettina, et al.
(författare)
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Trends over two decades in life expectancy with complex health problems among older Swedes : implications for the provision of integrated health care and social care
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - London, United Kingdom : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Due to population aging, it is essential to examine to what extent rises in life expectancy (LE) consist of healthy or unhealthy years. Most health expectancy studies have been based on single health measures and have shown divergent trends. We used a multi-domain indicator, complex health problems (CHP), indicative of the need for integrated medical and social care, to investigate how LE with and without CHP developed in Sweden between 1992 and 2011. We also addressed whether individuals with CHP more commonly lived in the community in 2011 compared to earlier years.Methods: CHP were defined as having severe problems in at least two of three health domains related to the need for medical and/or social care: symptoms/diseases, cognition/communication, and mobility. The Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD), a nationally representative survey of the Swedish population aged >= 77 years with waves in 1992, 2002 and 2011 (n approximate to 2000), was used to estimate the prevalence of CHP. Age- and gender-specific death rates were obtained from the Human Mortality Database. The Sullivan method was deployed to calculate the remaining life expectancy with and without CHP. The estimates were decomposed to calculate the contribution of changes from morbidity and mortality to the overall trends in LE without CHP.Results: Between 1992 and 2011, both total LE (+ 1.69 years [95% CI 1.56;1.83] and LE without CHP (+ 0.84 years [-0,87;2.55]) at age 77 increased for men, whereas LE at age 77 increased for women (+ 1.33 [1.21;1.47]) but not LE without CHP (-0.06 years [-1.39;1.26]). When decomposing the trend, we found that the increase in LE with CHP was mainly driven by an increase in the prevalence of CHP. Among individuals with CHP the proportion residing in care homes was lower in 2011 (37%) compared to 2002 (58%) and 1992 (53%).Conclusions: The findings, that an increasing number of older people are expected to live more years with CHP, and increasingly live in the community, point towards a challenge for individuals and families, as well as for society in financing and organizing coordinated and coherent medical and social services.
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| 4. |
- Oksuzyan, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Is it Better to Intermarry? Immigration Background of Married Couples and Suicide Risk Among Native-Born and Migrant Persons in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Population. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-6577 .- 1572-9885. ; 39:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marriage is protective against suicide across most populations, including for persons of different ethnicities and immigrant backgrounds. However, the well-being benefits of marriage are contingent upon marital characteristics—such as conflict and quality—that may vary across spousal dyads with different immigration backgrounds. Leveraging Swedish register data, we compare suicide mortality among married persons on the basis of their and their spouse’s immigration backgrounds. We find that relative to those in a native Swede-Swede union, Swedish men married to female immigrants and immigrant women married to native men are at higher risk of death by suicide, while immigrants of both genders who are married to someone from their birth country have a lower risk of suicide mortality. The findings support hypotheses about the strains that may be encountered by those who intermarry, as well as the potential selection of individuals into inter- and intra-ethnic marriages.
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| 5. |
- Oksuzyan, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Is Who you Ask Important? Concordance Between Survey and Registry Data on Medication Use Among Self- and Proxy-Respondents in the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins and the Danish 1905-Cohort Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1079-5006 .- 1758-535X. ; 74:5, s. 742-747
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study investigates the accuracy of the reporting of medication use by proxy-and self-respondents, and it compares the prognostic value of the number of medications from survey and registry data for predicting mortality across self-and proxy-respondents.Methods: The study is based on the linkage of the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins and the Danish 1905-Cohort Study with the Danish National Prescription Registry. We investigated the concordance between survey and registry data, and the prognostic value of medication use when assessed using survey and registry data, to predict mortality for self-and proxy-respondents at intake surveys.Results: Among self-respondents, the agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.52-0.58) for most therapeutic groups, whereas among proxy-respondents, the agreement was low to moderate (kappa = 0.36-0.60). The magnitude of the relative differences was, generally, greater among proxies than among self-respondents. Each additional increase in the total number of medications was associated with 7%-8% mortality increase among self- and 4%-6% mortality increase among proxy-respondents in both the survey and registry data. The predictive value of the total number of medications estimated from either data source was lower among proxies (c-statistic = 0.56-0.58) than among self-respondents (c-statistic = 0.74).Conclusions: The concordance between survey and registry data regarding medication use and the predictive value of the number of medications for mortality were lower among proxy-than among self-respondents.
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| 6. |
- Oksuzyan, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Sex differences in mortality in migrants and the Swedish-born population : Is there a double survival advantage for immigrant women?
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1661-8556 .- 1661-8564. ; 64:3, s. 377-386
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesIn the present study, we examine whether the relationships between country of origin or reason for migration and mortality differ between men and women.MethodsWe apply hazard regression models on high-quality Swedish register data with nationwide coverage.ResultsRelative to their Swedish counterparts, migrants from Nordic and East European (EU) countries and former Yugoslavia have higher mortality. This excess mortality among migrants relative to Swedes is more pronounced in men than in women. Migrants from Western and Southern European countries; Iran, Iraq, and Turkey; Central and South America; and Asia, have lower mortality than Swedes, and the size of the mortality reduction is similar in both sexes. The predictive effects of the reason for migration for mortality are also similar in migrant men and women.ConclusionsThis study provides little support for the hypothesis of a double survival advantage among immigrant women in Sweden. However, it does show that the excess mortality in migrants from Nordic and EU countries and former Yugoslavia relative to the Swedish-born population is more pronounced in men than in women.
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| 7. |
- Santacroce, Adriana, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in the use of anti-infective medications before and after widowhood : a register-based study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 72:6, s. 526-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Recent findings suggest that bereavement due to spousal loss is associated with a decline in general immune functions, and thus to increased susceptibility to infections among widowed individuals. The present study aims to investigate whether spousal loss weakens immune defences more among men than among women using a 5% random sample of the total Danish population, and anti-infective medication use as a proxy for immune response.Methods We followed 6076 Danish individuals (67% women) aged 50 from 5years before and up to 5years after widowhood to examine changes in prescriptions of anti-infectives for systemic use.Results Women used more anti-infective drugs both before and after spousal loss (women: OR= 1.31; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.42). The age-related changes in the use of anti-infective medications in the period before widowhood were similar to that in the period after widowhood among both men and women. Also, age-related changes in the use of anti-infective medications were similar in both genders.Conclusions The present study shows that individuals are more likely to use anti-infective medication after being widowed than before being widowed, but this change is likely to be related to increasing age and it is similar in both genders.
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