| 1. |
- Ariander, Annaclara, et al.
(författare)
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Ethical challenges causing moral distress: nursing home staff's experiences of working during the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo investigate the experiences of healthcare staff in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignIndividual interviews. Latent qualitative content analysis.SettingTen nursing homes in Sweden.SubjectsPhysicians, nurses and nurse assistants working in Swedish nursing homes.Main outcome measuresParticipants' experiences of working in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsFour manifest categories were found, namely: Balancing restrictions and allocation of scarce resources with care needs; Prioritizing and acting against moral values in advance care planning; Distrust in cooperation and Leadership and staff turnover - a factor for moral distress. The latent theme Experiences of handling ethical challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic gave a deeper meaning to the categories.ConclusionDuring the pandemic, nursing home staff encountered ethical challenges that caused moral distress. Moral distress stemmed from not being given adequate conditions to perform their work properly, and thus not being able to give the residents adequate care. Another aspect of moral distress originated from feeling forced to act against their moral values when a course of action was considered to cause discomfort or harm to a resident. Alerting employers and policymakers to the harm and inequality experienced by staff and the difficulty in delivering appropriate care is essential. Making proposals for improvements and developing guidelines together with staff to recognize their role and to develop better guidance for good care is vital in order to support and sustain the nursing home workforce. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected both patients and staff in nursing homes, in Sweden and worldwide.Our study highlights that during the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing home staff encountered several ethical challenges which caused moral distress.Moral distress stemmed from not being given adequate conditions to perform their work, thus not giving the residents appropriate care.Moral distress could also originate from nursing home staff's feeling of being forced to act against their moral values.
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Malin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the Swedish Quality Register for Ear Surgery - SwedEar
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6947. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Swedish Quality Register for Ear Surgery (SwedEar) is a national register monitoring surgical procedures and outcomes of ear surgery to facilitate quality improvement. The value of the register is dependent on the quality of its data. SwedEar has never been validated regarding data quality or missing entries. Therefor, the purpose of this study was to assess coverage, completeness and response rate in the register and validate the physicians' reported data accuracy.METHODS: In this validation study, the completeness, response rate and missing registrations were analysed. Data in SwedEar were compared with the yearly collected statistics of otosurgical procedures in The Swedish Otosurgical Society and the comparison of rates between groups was calculated with Fisher's exact test. Validation of registered data accuracy was performed on every 20th registered case during a five-year period. Data were reabstracted from medical records and compared with the original registration. Interrater agreement, reliability measures, Cohen's kappa, Gwet's AC1 and positive predictive value were calculated.RESULTS: SwedEar has a coverage of 100%. The completeness of registered cases was 84% and the response rate was 74%. The validation of data accuracy assessed 13 530 variables, including audiograms. Less than 3% of incorrect or missing variables were identified. For most of the pre- and postoperative variables the Kappa and Gwet´s AC1 results show an almost perfect agreement (> 0.80). For audiogram data the ICC shows an excellent reliability (> 0.9) for all but one value.CONCLUSION: This validation shows that SwedEar has excellent coverage, high completeness, and that the data in the register have almost perfect reliability. The data are suitable for both clinical and research purposes. Further efforts to improve completeness are warranted.
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| 3. |
- Johnsen, Christian Garmann, et al.
(författare)
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Navigating Populism : A Study of How German and Swedish Corporations Articulate the Refugee Situation in 2015-2016
- 2023
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Ingår i: Business & society. - : Sage Publications. - 0007-6503 .- 1552-4205.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study how populist sentiments have increasingly influenced businesses in society, we examine how German and Swedish corporations addressed the refugee situation in their 2015 and 2016 annual reports. We find that corporations changed their communication once refugee migration became subjected to populist political sentiments, but that they did so without subscribing to those sentiments. Although populism is based on such sharp oppositions as welcoming refugees or closing borders, our analysis shows that corporations have found ways to communicate about the refugee migration beyond these oppositions. Rather than taking a political stance, the corporations studied have primarily articulated the refugee situation as it pertains to their business operations. We identify four modes of articulation: the refugee as someone needing international aid, as a factor for economic analysis, as a benefit recipient, or as a potential stakeholder. These findings help nuance our understanding of how corporations navigate contested political issues.
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| 4. |
- Vasko, Pär, 1984-
(författare)
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Moving beyond stewards versus agents : Exploring business managers as existential beings in the interior-design and furniture industry in Småland, Sweden
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Exploring two theoretical positions in the field of corporate governance – stewardship theory and agency theory – Moving beyond stewards versus agents homes in on the positions’ respective conceptions of managers. Although fundamentally drawing a clear line between the two positions, these conceptions also conjoin them. The two theoretical positions build their distinctive conceptions of managers on two models of man – the economic man and the empathetic man – each associated with a different set of fundamental assumptions about man. These models’ respective differences have ultimately shaped the discourse on stewardship theory and agency theory, but, more importantly, have theoretically formed how man is understood. An examination of the theoretical discourse indicates that man is understood as a dichotomy, that is, as consistent with the fundamental assumptions associated with the theoretical conception of either the steward or the agent. In this dissertation, however, I explore the possibility of conceiving managers as existential beings, a conception that would imply a simultaneous resonance with each set of assumptions. To theoretically conceive managers as existential beings, I develop an alternative approach based on three works by social psychologist Johan Asplund. This approach enables a complex understanding of man that comes closer to a both/and stance rather than to an either/or. To arrive at a point where managers can be theoretically conceived as both/and, I delve into the historical and current theoretical discourse on stewardship and agency by outlining the discourse as dichotomous. The dichotomies discerned are interpreted as a figure of thought based on dichotomous and essential thinking. The Asplundian approach enables one to understand the dichotomous shape of the discourse on the two corporate governance theories as a consequence of a figure of thought grounded in normative and essentialist thinking. In other words, extant theory defines managers in terms of what is, thus leaving out what could be. I address this by using the Asplundian approach as a springboard into an alternative figure of thought grounded in existential philosophy. Theoretically conceiving man from an existential position thereby allows one to move beyond the extant dichotomy of stewards versus agents. The empirical context is based on the engagements of a group of managers associated with Interior Cluster Sweden (ICS), an organization situated in the interior-design and furniture industry in Småland, Sweden. With a starting point in extant theory, this group of managers would be understood as either stewards or agents, but in the context of this dissertation they become theoretically and empirically understood as existential beings. As such, an existential understanding of managers is one way of enabling a theoretical understanding of man that conceives man as possible to understand as both/and. This dissertation contributes to the corporate governance literature and more precisely to the theoretical discourse on stewardship and agency by suggesting that existential philosophy offers a potentiality to move beyond dichotomous, normative, and essential theorizing about managers.
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