| 1. |
- Jacobsson, Leif S., et al.
(författare)
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Antiatherosclerotic Effects of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Captopril and Fosinopril in Hypercholesterolemic Minipigs
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. - 0160-2446 .- 1533-4023. ; 24:4, s. 670-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the two angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors captopril and fosinopril with regard to possible antiatherosclerotic effects in minipigs. Experimental hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis was produced in 33 minipigs of the Gottingen strain by an egg yolk/cholesterol-enriched diet for 1 year. One group (n = 11) was fed the atherogenic diet alone and served as a control. A second group (n = 11) received captopril (80 mg/kg/day) added to the atherogenic diet, and a third group (n = 11) was treated in the same manner but with fosinopril (8 mg/kglday). The drug treatments produced significant reduction in serum ACE activity associated with a reactive increase in plasma renin activity (PRA), but had only minor effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. At the end of the treatment period, all animals were killed and examined for degree of atherosclerosis. The percentage of atherosclerotic area in the abdominal aorta was significantly lower in both drug-treated groups as compared with controls. Furthermore, accumulation of cholesterol in the thoracic and abdominal aorta was inhibited by drug treatment. Finally, the percentage of intimal thickening in abdominal aorta was significantly reduced in the drug-treated groups. In conclusion, the ACE inhibitors captopril and fosinopril inhibited development of atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic minipigs.
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| 2. |
- Landin-Olsson, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Immunoreactive trypsin(Ogen) in the sera of children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes and matched controls
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-3177. ; 5:3, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal trypsin(ogen) was 5 (quartile range, 3-7) µg/L in children with newly diagnosed diabetes, compared with a median level of 7 (quartile range, 4-8) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the median level of cathodal trypsin(ogen) was 8 (quartile range, 4-10) µg/L in children with diabetes, compared with a median level of 11 (quartile range, 7-15) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). The median of the individual ratios between cathodal and anodal trypsin(ogen) was 1.4 in the diabetic patients and 1.7 in the control children (p < 0.001). In a multivariate test, however, only the decrease in cathodal trypsin(ogen) concentration was associated with diabetes. The levels of trypsin(ogen)s did not correlate with levels of islet cell antibodies, present in 81% of the diabetic children. Several mechanisms may explain our findings, for example, similar pathogenetic factors may affect both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas simultaneously, a failing local trophic stimulation by insulin on the exocrine cells may decrease the trypsinogen production, and there may be an increased elimination of trypsin(ogen) because of higher filtration through the kidneys in the hyperglycemic state.
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| 3. |
- Svanberg, Sune, et al.
(författare)
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Applications of terawatt lasers
- 1994
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Ingår i: LASER SPECTROSCOPY - XITH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. - : AIP. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. - 1563962624 ; :290, s. 264-269
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Herrlin, K, et al.
(författare)
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Generation of X-rays For Medical Imaging By High-power Lasers - Preliminary-results
- 1993
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Ingår i: Radiology. - 1527-1315. ; 189:1, s. 65-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of x-ray imaging performed with a high-power laser system in biologic and medical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A compact terawatt laser system based on chirped pulse amplification in titanium-doped sapphire was used. X rays were generated by irradiating a high-atomic-number target (tantalum). RESULTS: When photons with an energy below 10 keV were removed with use of 3 mm of aluminum, the half-value layer in aluminum for the remaining x rays was approximately 10 mm. The x-ray source allowed performance of biologic magnification radiography. Star-pattern tests indicated an equivalent focal spot size of less than 60 mum. Exposures of a single pulse could be obtained. The duration of a single x-ray pulse was estimated to be of the order of picoseconds. CONCLUSION. With use of subpicosecond laser pulses, x-ray generation can occur with a smaller equivalent focal spot size than with conventional x-ray sources.
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| 5. |
- Weikert, Clemens, et al.
(författare)
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Computerization of the Control Function in a Process Industry: A Case Study
- 1993
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Ingår i: Interacting with Computers: Preparing for he Nineties. ; , s. 251-257
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computerization of control room functions changes the work for the operators to a great extent. Their mental picture of the process, their possibilities to control the process for productivity and quality, the work content, the physical and the social working environment are examples of conditions which are changed one way or another. In order to be able to control the computerization process in an optimal way it is important to perform and to learn from case studies. In a Swedish paper pulp industry, where computerized control and information systems have been implemented and where operators have been involved in the computerization process, we have pursued an interview investigation. Twenty-eight operators and ten employees in other key positions have been asked e.g. about the control room design, the control system, the information system the effects of computerization on the work load and on the physical, mental and social working environment. Results from the interviews are presented and discussed. The control room design and the human-computer interfaces have been evaluated against guidelines and some of the results are discussed.
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