| 1. |
- Ställberg, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
A real-life cost-effectiveness evaluation of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy in asthma
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 102:10, s. 1360-1370
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE To evaluate direct asthma-related costs in Swedish primary care in a real-life setting. DESIGN: 12-month open-label study. SETTING Swedish primary care in a real-life setting. PARTICIPANTS 1776 patients with persistent asthma. INTERVENTIONS Patients with persistent asthma were randomised to one of three treatments: a free adjustable combination of budesonide (100-400 microg/inhalation) and formoterol (4.5 or 9 microg/inhalation) via separate inhalers plus terbutaline as needed; budesonide/formoterol (160/4.5 microg or 80/4.5 microg, two inhalations twice daily) plus terbutaline as needed; budesonide/formoterol (160/4.5 microg or 80/4.5 microg, one inhalation twice daily or two inhalations once daily), for maintenance plus additional inhalations as needed. Doses depended on previous inhaled corticosteroid dose. Patients attended the clinic at 0, 1.5, and 12 months. Telephone interviews were conducted at 4, 6, 8, and 10 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was direct asthma-related healthcare costs. RESULTS Statistically significant reductions in annual direct costs per patient were observed with budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy compared with the free adjustable combination of budesonide and formoterol (-13%, P<0.001) and fixed-dose budesonide/formoterol plus terbutaline (-20%, P<0.001). Time to first severe exacerbation did not differ significantly across treatment groups, with a mean reduction of 28% versus the free adjustable combination of budesonide and formoterol (P=0.076). Patients receiving budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy used a significantly lower daily dose of budesonide compared with the conventional (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study reports direct cost savings with budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy compared with conventional treatment regimens with at least equivalent efficacy.
|
|
| 2. |
- Arriaga, I., et al.
(författare)
-
SMILE - A miniaturized fluxgate magnetometer
- 2007
-
Ingår i: 18TH ESA SYMPOSIUM ON EUROPEAN ROCKET AND BALLOON PROGRAMMES AND RELATED RESEARCH. ; , s. 569-572
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The SMILE (Small Magnetometer in Low-mass Experiment) instrument is a miniaturized digital fluxgate magnetometer that combines a miniature triaxial sensor with volume compensation with digital data processing implemented in a single FPGA. This report presents first results of numerical simulations of the sensor. We also discuss the digital solutions used in SMILE.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
