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- Wagner, W, et al.
(författare)
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Europe ambivalent on biotechnology
- 1997
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Ingår i: Nature. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 387, s. 845-847
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Eurobarometer on Biotechnology (46.1) was conducted during October and November 1996. The survey conducted in each EU (European Union) country used a multi-stage random sampling procedure and provided a statistically representative sample of national residents aged 15 and over. The total sample within the EU was 16,246 respondents (about 1,000 per EU country). The survey questionnaire was designed by the authors as part of a larger study involving the comparative analysis of public perceptions, media coverage and public policy in relation to biotechnology from 1973 to the present.
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- Hartig, Terry, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental influences on psychological restoration
- 1996
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. ; 37, s. 378-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on psychological restoration and restorative environments is a needed complement to work on stress and environmental stressors. Two laboratory experiments tested the utility of two restorative environments theories, one concerned with directed at
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- Kristensen, B, et al.
(författare)
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Hyperhomocysteinemia and hypofibrinolysis in young adults with ischemic stroke.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 30:5, s. 974-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Data from epidemiological and case-control studies suggest that increased total homocysteine (tHcy) levels are associated with increased risk for thromboembolic disease. The mechanisms by which hyperhomocysteinemia contributes to thrombogenesis are incompletely understood. The main objectives of this study of young ischemic stroke patients were (1) to examine fasting and post-methionine load levels of tHcy, (2) to ascertain the genotype frequency of the C677CT mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (TT genotype), and (3) to study the possible interaction between plasma tHcy levels and fibrinolytic factors.METHODS: This case-control study was based on 80 consecutive patients aged 18 to 44 years admitted between January 1992 and May 1996 as a result of a first-ever ischemic stroke. Forty-one healthy control subjects were recruited. Measurement of fasting tHcy and post-methionine load levels and evaluation of the fibrinolytic system were undertaken at least 3 months (mean, 5.1+/-1. 9 months) after admission. Genotyping of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene was performed.RESULTS: Although the increase after methionine loading (ie, postload tHcy minus fasting-level tHcy) was significantly higher among patients, there was no difference in fasting and postload tHcy levels. After adjustment for conventional risk factors, elevated postload increase tHcy levels were associated with a 4.8-fold increased risk of ischemic stroke. There was no difference between patients and control subjects in either TT genotype frequency or T allele frequency. Abnormal response to methionine loading was associated with higher tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) mass concentration, higher plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels, and lower tPA activity. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides, an abnormal increase in postload tHcy levels remained significantly associated with tPA mass concentration levels (P=0.03).CONCLUSIONS: A moderately elevated increase in tHcy levels after methionine loading was associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke in young adults. In contrast, fasting tHcy levels did not differ between patients and controls. A moderately elevated increase in tHcy after methionine loading may provide a additional thrombogenic risk mediated in part by interactions with the fibrinolytic system. In young stroke patients, a methionine loading test to detect hyperhomocysteinemia should always be considered in the convalescent phase of the disease.
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| 9. |
- Kristensen, B, et al.
(författare)
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Increased fibrinogen levels and acquired hypofibrinolysis in young adults with ischemic stroke.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 29:11, s. 2261-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Elevated fibrinogen levels and abnormalities in the fibrinolytic system are related to the occurrence of cardiovascular events. However, the role of these factors in the evolution of cerebrovascular disease has received less attention, in particular in young stroke patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible abnormalities in plasma fibrinogen levels and the state of the fibrinolytic system in young adults with a first-ever ischemic stroke.METHODS: This study is based on 102 consecutive patients aged 18 to 44 years admitted between January 1991 and May 1996 as a result of a first ischemic stroke. Forty-one healthy controls were recruited. Evaluations of anthropometric/metabolic variables, plasma fibrinogen levels, and the fibrinolytic system were undertaken >/=3 months (mean, 5.4+/-2.0 months) after admission.RESULTS: Patients had lower tissue plasminogen activator activity and increased plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 activity at baseline, as well as increased tissue plasminogen activator mass concentration both at baseline and after a venous occlusion test. Overall, there were no significant differences between the main etiologic subgroups regarding plasma fibrinogen levels and fibrinolytic variables. Baseline fibrinolytic variables were strongly correlated with body mass index, serum triglycerides, and cholesterol levels. After adjustments in multivariate models, fibrinogen levels and tissue plasminogen activator mass concentration both at baseline and after venous occlusion test remained significantly increased in patients. Logistic multiple regression analyses indicated that plasma fibrinogen was a strong predictor of ischemic stroke (odds ratio, 11.25; 95% CI, 3.27 to 38. 69).CONCLUSIONS: Increased fibrinogen levels and tissue plasminogen activator mass concentration are independently associated with ischemic stroke in young adults. Metabolic perturbations are closely interrelated with aberrations in tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 activity in these patients, findings consistent with an acquired hypofibrinolysis.
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- Landin-Olsson, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Immunoreactive trypsin(Ogen) in the sera of children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes and matched controls
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-3177. ; 5:3, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal trypsin(ogen) was 5 (quartile range, 3-7) µg/L in children with newly diagnosed diabetes, compared with a median level of 7 (quartile range, 4-8) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the median level of cathodal trypsin(ogen) was 8 (quartile range, 4-10) µg/L in children with diabetes, compared with a median level of 11 (quartile range, 7-15) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). The median of the individual ratios between cathodal and anodal trypsin(ogen) was 1.4 in the diabetic patients and 1.7 in the control children (p < 0.001). In a multivariate test, however, only the decrease in cathodal trypsin(ogen) concentration was associated with diabetes. The levels of trypsin(ogen)s did not correlate with levels of islet cell antibodies, present in 81% of the diabetic children. Several mechanisms may explain our findings, for example, similar pathogenetic factors may affect both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas simultaneously, a failing local trophic stimulation by insulin on the exocrine cells may decrease the trypsinogen production, and there may be an increased elimination of trypsin(ogen) because of higher filtration through the kidneys in the hyperglycemic state.
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