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- Labayen, Idoia, et al.
(författare)
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Association of common variants of UCP2 gene with low-grade inflammation in Swedish children and adolescents : the European Youth Heart Study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 66:3, s. 350-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the associations of two functional variants 866G>A and DEL/INS polymorphisms of UCP2 gene with low-grade inflammatory proteins (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, complement C3 [C3], and complement C4 [C4]) in 131 children (52.7% boys, aged 9.5 +/- 0.4 y) and 118 adolescents (44.1% males, aged 15.5 +/- 0.4 y) selected from the European Youth Heart Study. Differences in inflammatory markers among the genotype variants of the two UCP2 gene polymorphisms were analyzed after adjusting for sex, age, pubertal stage, fitness, and fatness. The results showed that fibrinogen, C3, and C4 were higher in GG carriers than in subjects carrying the A allele of the 866G>A polymorphism of the UCP2 gene (UCP2 -866G>A) polymorphism (all p < 0.05). The DEL/DEL genotype of 45nt deletion/insertion variant polymorphism of the UCP2 gene (UCP2 DEL/INS) was associated with higher C3 (p < 0.05) than DEL/INS and INS/INS genotypes. This study provides evidence of a role of UCP2 -866G>A in modifying low-grade inflammatory state in apparently healthy children and adolescents. Given the implication of complement factors on atherosclerosis process, these results contribute to explain the reduced cardiovascular risk associated with the A allele of the UCP2 -866G>A polymorphism.
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- Ortega, Francisco B., et al.
(författare)
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Physically active adolescents are more likely to have a healthier cardiovascular fitness level independently of their adiposity status : the European youth heart study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Revista Española de Cardiología. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0300-8932 .- 1579-2242. ; 61:2, s. 123-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and objectives Cardiovascular fitness (CVF) has been considered a health marker at all ages. The main purpose of this study was to examine whether meeting the current physical activity (PA) recommendations is associated with a healthier CVF level in adolescents.Methods A total of 472 adolescents (14–16 years-old) were studied. CVF was estimated from a maximal bike test and PA was objectively assessed by accelerometry. Subjects were classed as high/low-CVF level, according to the Cooper Institute's cut-offs, and having a high/low-PA level depending on if the adolescents were engaged in at least 60 min per day at moderate-vigorous PA intensity level. Body fat was estimated from skinfold thicknesses.Results Binary logistic regression showed that adolescent girls meeting the current PA recommendations (≥60 min/day of moderate-vigorous PA) were 3 times more likely to have a high-CVF level than girls that did not meet the recommendations, after controlling for sexual maturation status (Tanner stages) and body fat. Likewise, adolescent boys meeting the PA recommendations were 8 times more likely to have a high-CVF level than boys that did not meet the recommendations.Conclusions The results suggest that devoting 60 min or more to moderate-vigorous PA daily is associated with a healthier CVF level in adolescents, independent of maturation status and adiposity. The patterns of the association were similar in girls and boys, but the fact that the associations were weaker in girls is of concern.
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- Ortega Porcel, Francisco B
(författare)
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Physical activity, cardiovascular fitness and abdominal adiposity in children and adolescents
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cardiovascular fitness (CVF) and adiposity, especially abdominal adiposity, are well-known factors associated with general health status in childhood and adolescents. Physical activity (PA) may play a crucial role in CVF enhancement and the prevention of abdominal adiposity accumulation. The apparently obvious association of PA with CVF and adiposity still requires further research, since current knowledge is mostly based on data from self-reported measures but such measures are of limited use in pediatric populations. The current thesis aimed to examine the associations of objectively measured PA with CVF and abdominal adiposity in more than one thousand children (9-10 years) and adolescents (15-16 years) from the Swedish part of the European Youth Heart Study. Total PA levels and time spent in PA of different intensities (i.e. moderate and vigorous PA) were measured by accelerometry. Cardiovascular fitness was measured by a maximal cycling test. Body mass index was used to define overweight/obesity, and waist circumference to define an excess of central adiposity. Percentage body fat was estimated from skinfold thickness. Stages of sexual maturation were identified according to Tanner. The main findings and conclusions were: I) When examining CVF in adolescents, sexual maturation status and percentage body fat, as well as the way in which CVF is expressed, should be taken into account. II) Those adolescents who spend 60 minutes or more in moderate to vigorous PA daily seem to be more likely to have a healthier CVF level, independently of their sexual maturation and adiposity status. III) Low levels of total PA and, in particular, of vigorous PA, are associated with an increased risk for overweight and excess of central adiposity, independently of other important determinant factors, such as television viewing and birth weight. The data also indicate that the adverse association of television viewing with abdominal adiposity could be attenuated if sufficient vigorous PA is accumulated. IV) Cardiovascular fitness is inversely associated with abdominal adiposity and seems to modify the associations between PA and abdominal adiposity. In children and adolescents with low CVF, time spent in vigorous PA seems to be the key component linked to abdominal adiposity. The findings reported in this thesis will contribute to a better understanding of the associations of PA with CVF and abdominal adiposity, a prerequisite for more efficient health promotion. Future public health recommendations should consider the evidence-based importance of high intensity PA.
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- Rizzo, Nico S., et al.
(författare)
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Relationship of physical activity, fitness, and fatness with clustered metabolic risk in children and adolescents : the European youth heart study
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Journal of Pediatrics. - St. Louis, Mo : Mosby. - 0022-3476 .- 1097-6833. ; 150:4, s. 388-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To examine the associations of physical activity (PA) at different levels and intensities and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with a clustering of metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with special consideration of body fat. Study design Total PA and intensity levels were measured by accelerometry in children (9 years, n = 273) and adolescents (15 years, n = 256). CRF was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test. Measured outcomes included fasting insulin, glucose, triglycerides, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, and body fat. A metabolic risk score (MRS) was computed as the mean of the standardized outcome scores. A “non-obesity-MRS” was computed omitting body fat from the MRS. Analysis of variance and multiple regressions were used in the analysis. Results Total and vigorous PA was inversely significantly associated with MRS in adolescent girls, the group with lowest PA, becoming insignificant when CRF was introduced in the analysis. Significant regression coefficients of total PA and CRF on non-obesity–MRS diminished when body fat was entered in the analysis. Conclusions CRF is more strongly correlated to metabolic risk than total PA, whereas body fat appears to have a pivotal role in the association of CRF with metabolic risk.
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