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- Fabbri, C., et al.
(författare)
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Modelling the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on violent discipline against children
- 2021
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Ingår i: Child Abuse and Neglect. - : Elsevier BV. - 0145-2134. ; 116:Pt 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The COVID-19 pandemic could increase violence against children at home. However, collecting empirical data on violence is challenging due to ethical, safety, and data quality concerns. Objective: This study estimated the anticipated effect of COVID-19 on violent discipline at home using multivariable predictive regression models. Participants: Children aged 1–14 years and household members from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) conducted in Nigeria, Mongolia, and Suriname before the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Methods: A conceptual model of how the COVID-19 pandemic could affect risk factors for violent discipline was developed. Country specific multivariable linear models were used to estimate the association between selected variables from MICS and a violent discipline score which captured the average combination of violent disciplinary methods used in the home. A review of the literature informed the development of quantitative assumptions about how COVID-19 would impact the selected variables under a “high restrictions” pandemic scenario, approximating conditions expected during a period of intense response measures, and a “lower restrictions” scenario with easing of COVID-19 restrictions but with sustained economic impacts. These assumptions were used to estimate changes in violent discipline scores. Results: Under a “high restrictions” scenario there would be a 35%–46% increase in violent discipline scores in Nigeria, Mongolia and Suriname, and under a “lower restrictions” scenario there would be between a 4%–6% increase in violent discipline scores in these countries. Conclusion: Policy makers need to plan for increases in violent discipline during successive waves of lockdowns. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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| 2. |
- Barbron, Marie-Claude, et al.
(författare)
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Meta and pooled analysis of European coeliac disease data
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 11:11, s. 828-834
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four full genome scans have been carried out by the partners of the European cluster on coeliac disease as well as follow-up studies of candidate regions. No region outside HLA showed significant linkage to the disease in any single study. We first applied a meta-analysis based on a modification of Genome Screen Meta-Analysis to take into account the different linkage statistics, the arbitrariness of bin cutoff points, as well as the sample size of each study. We then performed a pooled linkage analysis of all families and raw genotypes. Besides the HLA region, already known to harbour a risk factor for coeliac disease, both approaches leave very little doubt on the presence of a genetic risk factor in the 5q31-33 region. This region was suggested by several individual studies, but did not reach statistical values high enough to be conclusive when data sets were analysed separately.
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| 4. |
- Fabbri, Filippo, et al.
(författare)
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Silicene nanosheets intercalated in slightly defective epitaxial graphene on a 4H-SiC(0001) substrate
- 2022
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Ingår i: Surfaces and Interfaces. - : Elsevier BV. - 2468-0230. ; 33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last years, epitaxial graphene (epi-Gr) demonstrated to be an excellent substrate for the synthesis of epitaxial or intercalated two dimensional (2D) materials. Among 2D materials, silicene has been for a long time a dream for the scientific community, for its importance both from the fundamental and the application point of view. Despite the theoretical prediction of silicene energetic viability, experimentally the substrate proved to play a fundamental role in the Si atom adsorption process leading, in case of metal substrates, to a mixed phase formation and, for van der Waals chemical inert substrates, to Si atom intercalation even at room temperature. Such an intercalation has been associated to the presence of surface defects. Very recently it has been shown that hundreds of nanometer area quasi-free standing silicene can be grown on top of an almost ideal epi-Gr layer synthesized on 6H-SiC substrate. In the present paper, using scanning tunneling microscopy and Raman analysis, we demonstrate that a non-ideal (slightly defective) epi-Gr network obtained by thermal decomposition of Si-terminated 4H-SiC(0001) enables the Si atom penetration forming intercalated silicene nanosheets at room temperature, thus opening a path towards controlled intercalation of silicon atoms through epi-Gr and formation of silicene nanosheets for future applications in nanotechnology.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Pahlmblad, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion
- 2006
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Ingår i: Skaramissalet. Studier, edition, översättning och faksimil av handskriften i Skara Stifts- och landsbibliotek. - 9185980277 ; , s. 21-24
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Poldvere, Nele, et al.
(författare)
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Why do we use the same words when we disagree with each other? : An experimental approach to interactive alignment
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Interactive alignment, or the reuse of ideas and constructions from prior speaker turns, is a compelling type of meaning negotiation, dialogue management and stance coordination in everyday face-to-face conversation. Du Bois (2014) argues that engaging in this way with prior speaker contributions is a socially motivated phenomenon that speakers use for various communicative purposes. Garrod and Pickering (2004) consider alignment to be a largely automatic cognitive process that makes conversation smooth and easy. In a previous corpus study (Põldvere, Johansson & Paradis, 2021), we brought these two approaches together to investigate why and when speakers make use of each other’s contributions in conversation, and what the social and cognitive underpinnings of this behaviour might be. The study showed that (i) speakers tend to align with each other when they disagree, and (ii) the disagreements are produced very quickly (with no-gap-no-overlap). Both of these results point to the mitigating function of alignment in disagreement situations. Using the overhearer paradigm (Bögels & Levinson, 2017), we investigate how participants perceive interactive alignment in disagreement situations in a controlled laboratory setting. This experimental study concerns the social processes underpinning the interpretation of alignment by drawing on insights from Du Bois’ notion of dialogic engagement and Garrod’s and Pickering’s observations of turn transitions. From the perspective of an overhearer of a conversation, does alignment influence the overhearer’s judgments of social closeness among speakers in disagreement situations? Are there differences between the different types of alignment? What role does timing play in the overhearer’s reactions? In the experiment, the participants listen to pre-recorded conversations between two people who disagree with each other. The stimuli were recorded with two actors who spoke with a British English accent. The manipulations involved the presence or absence of alignment, the extent of the alignment (formal vs. semantic) and the timing of the disagreement (no-gap-no-overlap vs. a gap of one second). The participants in the experiment are native speakers of British English. After listening to the recordings, the participants rate their agreement with two statements on a seven-point Likert scale, designed to elicit their intuitions about social closeness among speakers in the recordings (I feel that these people share similar views, these people seem to be comfortable with each other). Contrary to expectation, though, alignment, and particularly formal alignment, received lower ratings of social closeness in the pilot study than non-alignment. This result was modulated by time whereby alignment expressed after a no-gap-no-overlap was rated higher than non-alignment that was expressed after a gap.
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