| 1. |
- Stroth, U., et al.
(författare)
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Progress from ASDEX Upgrade experiments in preparing the physics basis of ITER operation and DEMO scenario development
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 62:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An overview of recent results obtained at the tokamak ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) is given. A work flow for predictive profile modelling of AUG discharges was established which is able to reproduce experimental H-mode plasma profiles based on engineering parameters only. In the plasma center, theoretical predictions on plasma current redistribution by a dynamo effect were confirmed experimentally. For core transport, the stabilizing effect of fast ion distributions on turbulent transport is shown to be important to explain the core isotope effect and improves the description of hollow low-Z impurity profiles. The L-H power threshold of hydrogen plasmas is not affected by small helium admixtures and it increases continuously from the deuterium to the hydrogen level when the hydrogen concentration is raised from 0 to 100%. One focus of recent campaigns was the search for a fusion relevant integrated plasma scenario without large edge localised modes (ELMs). Results from six different ELM-free confinement regimes are compared with respect to reactor relevance: ELM suppression by magnetic perturbation coils could be attributed to toroidally asymmetric turbulent fluctuations in the vicinity of the separatrix. Stable improved confinement mode plasma phases with a detached inner divertor were obtained using a feedback control of the plasma β. The enhanced D α H-mode regime was extended to higher heating power by feedback controlled radiative cooling with argon. The quasi-coherent exhaust regime was developed into an integrated scenario at high heating power and energy confinement, with a detached divertor and without large ELMs. Small ELMs close to the separatrix lead to peeling-ballooning stability and quasi continuous power exhaust. Helium beam density fluctuation measurements confirm that transport close to the separatrix is important to achieve the different ELM-free regimes. Based on separatrix plasma parameters and interchange-drift-Alfvén turbulence, an analytic model was derived that reproduces the experimentally found important operational boundaries of the density limit and between L- and H-mode confinement. Feedback control for the X-point radiator (XPR) position was established as an important element for divertor detachment control. Stable and detached ELM-free phases with H-mode confinement quality were obtained when the XPR was moved 10 cm above the X-point. Investigations of the plasma in the future flexible snow-flake divertor of AUG by means of first SOLPS-ITER simulations with drifts activated predict beneficial detachment properties and the activation of an additional strike point by the drifts.
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| 2. |
- Schiller, D, et al.
(författare)
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The Human Affectome
- 2024
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Ingår i: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. - 1873-7528. ; 158, s. 105450-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Vergallo, A., et al.
(författare)
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Association of plasma YKL-40 with brain amyloid-β levels, memory performance, and sex in subjective memory complainers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580. ; 96, s. 22-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroinflammation, a key early pathomechanistic alteration of Alzheimer's disease, may represent either a detrimental or a compensatory mechanism or both (according to the disease stage). YKL-40, a glycoprotein highly expressed in differentiated glial cells, is a candidate biomarker for in vivo tracking neuroinflammation in humans. We performed a longitudinal study in a monocentric cohort of cognitively healthy individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease exploring whether age, sex, and the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele affect plasma YKL-40 concentrations. We investigated whether YKL-40 is associated with brain amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, neuronal activity, and neurodegeneration as assessed via neuroimaging biomarkers. Finally, we investigated whether YKL-40 may predict cognitive performance. We found an age-associated increase of YKL-40 and observed that men display higher concentrations than women, indicating a potential sexual dimorphism. Moreover, YKL-40 was positively associated with memory performance and negatively associated with brain Aβ deposition (but not with metabolic signal). Consistent with translational studies, our results suggest a potentially protective effect of glia on incipient brain Aβ accumulation and neuronal homeostasis. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Arnison, Tor, Filosofie doktor, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent girls' musculoskeletal pain is more affected by insomnia than boys', and through different psychological pathways
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Pain. - : Elsevier. - 1526-5900 .- 1528-8447. ; 25:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prior research has established that insomnia is predctive of pain in adolescents and that psychological mechanisms have a crucial role in this relationship. Adolescent girls report more insomnia and pain than boys, yet little is known of gender differences in how insomnia influences pain. This study assessed gender differences in levels and trajectories of insomnia and pain during adolescence, and whether rumination and negative mood mediated the effect of insomnia on pain. Longitudinal survey data measured on 5 annual occasions (Nbaseline = 2,767) were analyzed in a multigroup longitudinal serial mediation model. A final model was generated with insomnia as the predictor, rumination and depressed mood as mediators, pain as the outcome, and gender the grouping variable. The results showed that insomnia predicted pain in adolescents, with an effect 3.5 times larger in girls than boys. Depressed mood was the main mediator in boys. In girls, rumination was the only significant mediator. There were significant gender differences in the effects of insomnia on rumination and pain, and in the effects of rumination on depressed mood and pain, with stronger effects in girls. These results highlight that girls and boys should be considered separately when studying the relationship between insomnia and pain. PERSPECTIVE: Levels of insomnia and pain are progressively higher in adolescent girls than boys, across adolescence. The predictive strength of insomnia symptoms for future pain is 3.5 times greater in girls, with distinct gender-specific underlying pathways: rumination partially mediates this effect in girls, while depressed mood does so in boys.
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| 8. |
- Palermo, G., et al.
(författare)
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LIGATE-LIgand Generator and portable drug discovery platform at Exascale
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers 2024 Workshops and Special Sessions, CF 2024 Companion. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 107-109
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates that a top priority for society, now and in the future, is to be able to respond quickly to diseases with effective treatments. Among the new tools that pharmaceutical industries and researchers have in their hands nowadays, there are the extensive computer simulations capable of evaluating in-silico the interaction between possible drugs and the target proteins. The central goal of the LIGATE project is to create and validate a leading application solution for drug discovery in High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems up to the exascale level. The overall project purpose is the automation of the drug design process, which is currently performed with substantial human effort throughout the different phases of the process: preparation of input parameters, management of data sets with billions of molecules, interaction with HPC queue management systems to handle jobs, and optimization of scoring function parameters and thresholds.
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| 9. |
- Palermo, G., et al.
(författare)
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Tunable and Portable Extreme-Scale Drug Discovery Platform at Exascale : the LIGATE Approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers 2023, CF 2023. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ; , s. 272-278
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today digital revolution is having a dramatic impact on the pharmaceutical industry and the entire healthcare system. The implementation of machine learning, extreme-scale computer simulations, and big data analytics in the drug design and development process offers an excellent opportunity to lower the risk of investment and reduce the time to the patient. Within the LIGATE project 1, we aim to integrate, extend, and co-design best-in-class European components to design Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) solutions exploiting today's high-end supercomputers and tomorrow's Exascale resources, fostering European competitiveness in the field. The proposed LIGATE solution is a fully integrated workflow that enables to deliver the result of a virtual screening campaign for drug discovery with the highest speed along with the highest accuracy. The full automation of the solution and the possibility to run it on multiple supercomputing centers at once permit to run an extreme scale in silico drug discovery campaign in few days to respond promptly for example to a worldwide pandemic crisis.
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