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- Griswold, Max G., et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 392:10152, s. 1015-1035
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. With our comprehensive approach to health accounting within the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we generated improved estimates of alcohol use and alcohol-attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 locations from 1990 to 2016, for both sexes and for 5-year age groups between the ages of 15 years and 95 years and older.Methods: Using 694 data sources of individual and population-level alcohol consumption, along with 592 prospective and retrospective studies on the risk of alcohol use, we produced estimates of the prevalence of current drinking, abstention, the distribution of alcohol consumption among current drinkers in standard drinks daily (defined as 10 g of pure ethyl alcohol), and alcohol-attributable deaths and DALYs. We made several methodological improvements compared with previous estimates: first, we adjusted alcohol sales estimates to take into account tourist and unrecorded consumption; second, we did a new meta-analysis of relative risks for 23 health outcomes associated with alcohol use; and third, we developed a new method to quantify the level of alcohol consumption that minimises the overall risk to individual health.Findings: Globally, alcohol use was the seventh leading risk factor for both deaths and DALYs in 2016, accounting for 2.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1.5-3.0) of age-standardised female deaths and 6.8% (5.8-8.0) of age-standardised male deaths. Among the population aged 15-49 years, alcohol use was the leading risk factor globally in 2016, with 3.8% (95% UI 3.2-4-3) of female deaths and 12.2% (10.8-13-6) of male deaths attributable to alcohol use. For the population aged 15-49 years, female attributable DALYs were 2.3% (95% UI 2.0-2.6) and male attributable DALYs were 8.9% (7.8-9.9). The three leading causes of attributable deaths in this age group were tuberculosis (1.4% [95% UI 1. 0-1. 7] of total deaths), road injuries (1.2% [0.7-1.9]), and self-harm (1.1% [0.6-1.5]). For populations aged 50 years and older, cancers accounted for a large proportion of total alcohol-attributable deaths in 2016, constituting 27.1% (95% UI 21.2-33.3) of total alcohol-attributable female deaths and 18.9% (15.3-22.6) of male deaths. The level of alcohol consumption that minimised harm across health outcomes was zero (95% UI 0.0-0.8) standard drinks per week.Interpretation: Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for global disease burden and causes substantial health loss. We found that the risk of all-cause mortality, and of cancers specifically, rises with increasing levels of consumption, and the level of consumption that minimises health loss is zero. These results suggest that alcohol control policies might need to be revised worldwide, refocusing on efforts to lower overall population-level consumption.
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- Wang, Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Industry-friendly engineering tools for wireless home automation devices
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceeding - 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN 2015. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479966493 ; , s. 1174-1179
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although home automation (HA) systems in the wired domain are widely accepted by consumers, in today's industry, the mega trend is steering HA systems along a wireless way. Theoretically, wireless solutions are able to provide HA systems with more flexibility and thus reducing engineering costs. In practice, however, deploying wireless HA systems actually requires more costs and efforts due to the lack of versatile software tools to support the whole engineering process. This paper defines and evaluates the engineering workflow and architecture for home automation systems. The proposed architecture is studied and implemented based on web technologies and graphical configuration environments, with the aim of reducing workloads of HA engineers at every stage. A prototype has been implemented to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the proposed architecture.
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- Bag, G., et al.
(författare)
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Engineering friendly tool to estimate battery life of a wireless sensor node
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Industrial Information Integration. - : Elsevier BV. - 2467-964X .- 2452-414X. ; 4, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Battery life of low power devices is a major concern for the users of such devices. Existing research focuses on using different power management techniques and power consumption models to predict the battery life. However most of the exiting power consumption models and simulators assume a high degree of technical expertise of the users such as user of a home automation system. This paper proposes a power consumption model that can be used as an easy to use engineering tool by the end user or system integrators to estimate the battery life of the device by just estimating the levels related to expected traffic that network will support and the possible interference level depending on the number of interference sources. The tool can also be used by the device manufacturer to compare/select chipsets, batteries or alternatively optimize the some parameters of the communication protocols for a selected hardware to get the desired battery life. The model also provides insights to the major components that contributes to the power consumption under different number of operations and different traffic conditions. Finally the paper provides strategies to mitigate the effect of the different components contributing to the power consumption.
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- de Silva, D., et al.
(författare)
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Guest Editorial : Special Section on Developments in Artificial Intelligence for Industrial Informatics
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - : IEEE. - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 15:6, s. 3690-3692
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), empowered by robust computing infrastructure and abundance of data, maintains potential for radical transformation of human society, essentially a third phase in evolution. Numerous research endeavor, policy development, and thought-leadership are presently in progress aimed at discovering data-driven intelligent decision-making solutions for smart cities, smart grids, smart homes, and informed citizens as well as addressing potential risks posed by AI workplace automation. Joining this broad effort, this Special Section contributes six research articles that consolidate recent developments in AI for industrial informatics.
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- Huang, S. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Dawn-dusk scale of dipolarization front in the Earth's magnetotail : multi-cases study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Astrophysics and Space Science. - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0004-640X .- 1572-946X. ; 357:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze three dipolarization front (DF) events to investigate their dawn-dusk scales in the Earth's magnetotail using the Cluster measurements in year 2007, when the spacecraft separation is about 1.8 Re (Re is the Earth's radius) and is appropriate for investigating the DF scale. Based on the Minimum Variance Analysis (MVA) and the general shape of the DF, we found that Cluster detected the center and the flank (or just beyond the flank) of DF in the same event. This means that the scale of DF is about 3.6 Re in the dawn-dusk direction, larger than that reported in previous studies. Using the semicircle function to fit the observations, we got the dawn-dusk scale of similar to 3.2-3.6 Re, consistent with the rough estimation. Considering large separation among the spacecraft, the timing analysis cannot be used to obtain the normal of DF and the propagation velocity along the normal. One should be careful when performing timing analysis of DF using the Cluster data, and have to carry on MVA analysis to check the normal of DF before do timing analysis.
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- Huang, S. Y., et al.
(författare)
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In situ observations of flux rope at the separatrix region of magnetic reconnection
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 2169-9380 .- 2169-9402. ; 121:1, s. 205-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the first in situ observations of a small-scale flux rope locally formed at the separatrix region of magnetic reconnection without large guide field. Bidirectional electron beams (cold and hot beams) and density cavity accompanied by intense wave activity substantiate the crossing of the separatrix region. Density compression and one parallel electron beam are detected inside the flux rope. We suggest that this flux rope is locally generated at the separatrix region due to the tearing instability within the separatrix current layer. This observation sheds new light on the 3-D picture of magnetic reconnection in space plasma.
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