| 1. |
- Comasco, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Postpartum depression symptoms : a case-control study on monoaminergic functional polymorphisms and environmental stressors
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 21:1, s. 19-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:Postpartum depression (PPD) is an under diagnosed and under treated mood disorder, with negative impact on both the mother and the infant's health. The aim of this study is to examine whether genetic variations in the monoaminergic neurotransmitter system, together with environmental stressors, contribute to the development of PPD symptoms.METHODS:This nested case-control study included 275 women from a population-based cohort of delivering women in Sweden. A questionnaire containing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was collected at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Three functional polymorphisms were genotyped, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-ValMet, monoamine oxidase A (MAOA)-upstream variable number tandem repeat (uVNTR) and serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5HTT-LPR). Stressful life events, maternity stressors and previous psychiatric contact were considered as potential risk factors.RESULTS:COMT-ValMet was significantly associated with PPD symptoms at 6 weeks, but not at 6 months postpartum. A significant gene-gene interaction effect was present between COMT-ValMet and MAOA-uVNTR. In a gene-environment multivariate model, COMT-ValMet, psychiatric contact and maternity stressors were significantly associated with PPD symptoms. Among those with history of psychiatric problems, the COMT-ValMet and 5HTT-LPR risk variants were associated with PPD symptoms, whereas in the absence of previous psychiatric contact only maternity stressors were related to PPD symptoms.CONCLUSION:The interaction effect between monoaminergic genes and environmental stressors is likely to contribute to vulnerability for PPD. The different patterns of association according to history of psychiatric problems, if replicated, might be helpful in screening strategies.
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| 2. |
- Comasco, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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Postpartum depressive symptoms and the BDNF Val66Met functional polymorphism: effect of season of delivery :
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archives of Women's Mental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-1816 .- 1435-1102. ; 14:6, s. 453-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postpartum depression (PPD) is an often underdiagnosed and undertreated mood disorder, with negative impact on the mother's and infant's health. Seasonal variation has been discussed as a risk factor for PPD. Candidate genes, such as those encoding for the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serotonin transporter (5-HTT), and Period2 (PER2), have been associated with depression and seasonal disorders. The present study is aimed to examine whether functional polymorphic variants, BDNF Val66Met, 5-HTTLPR, or PER2 SNP 10870, are associated with PPD symptoms and whether these genetic polymorphisms interact with season in predicting PPD symptoms. This case-control study comprised of 275 women from a population-based cohort of delivering women in Sweden, who completed a questionnaire containing the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Stressful life events (SLEs) and maternity stressors were also assessed. The results did not reveal any statistically significant overall association between the studied genetic polymorphisms and PPD symptoms. However, a significant association between BDNF Met66 carrier status and development of PPD symptoms at 6 weeks postpartum, even when controlling for prepartum and postpartum environmental risk factors, was evident among mothers delivering during autumn/winter. No gene-gene interactions were found but a cumulative effect was detected with carriers of a greater number of 5-HTTLPR S and BDNFVal66Met Met alleles reporting higher EPDS scores, if delivered during autumn/winter. Our findings propose a role of the BDNF gene in the development of PPD symptoms, potentially mediated by season of delivery.
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| 3. |
- Isacsson, G., et al.
(författare)
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Antidepressant medication prevents suicide in depression
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 122:6, s. 454-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Ecological studies have demonstrated a substantial decrease in suicide in parallel with an increasing use of antidepressants. To investigate on the individual level the hypothesis that antidepressant medication was a causal factor. Method: Data on the toxicological detection of antidepressants in 18 922 suicides in Sweden 1992-2003 were linked to registers of psychiatric hospitalization as well as registers with sociodemographic data. Results: The probability for the toxicological detection of an antidepressant was lowest in the non-suicide controls, higher in suicides, and even higher in suicides that had been psychiatric inpatients but excluding those who had been in-patients for the treatment of depression. Conclusion: The finding that in-patient care for depression did not increase the probability of the detection of antidepressants in suicides is difficult to explain other than by the assumption that a substantial number of depressed individuals were saved from suicide by postdischarge treatment with antidepressant medication.
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| 4. |
- Karamanis, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in women with anorexia nervosa
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 134:7, s. 1751-1757
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Caloric restriction in animals is an effective way to reduce carcinogenesis. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is considered a model of extreme caloric restriction in humans. The aim of our study was to assess cancer incidence and mortality in women with AN. A total of 6,009 women with at least one inpatient treatment for AN during the period 1973-2003 were included in the study. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference in cancer incidence compared to women in the general population. At a statistically significant or borderline significant level, a higher incidence for lung cancer and cancer of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue was observed along with a reduced breast cancer incidence. Women with AN had twice as high mortality from cancer in general, and more specifically from melanoma, cancers of genital organs and cancers of ill-defined, secondary and unspecified sites. The increased lung cancer incidence may be due to smoking habits among women with AN. The worse prognosis with higher mortality from melanoma, cancers of genital organs and cancers of ill-defined, secondary and unspecified sites may be explained by AN-specific attitudes toward seeking medical care, adherence to treatment or worse biological precondition due to starvation and cachexia.
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| 5. |
- Katsiardanis, Konstantinos, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive impairment and dietary habits among elders : the Velestino Study.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Food. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1096-620X .- 1557-7600. ; 16:4, s. 343-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the association of dietary habits with cognitive function among elders (>65 years). Complete sociodemographic, dietary information, serum measurements, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) assessments were available for 237 elderly men and 320 women residing in Velestino, Greece (a rural Greek town). All models were adjusted for age, education, social activity, smoking, depression symptomatology (using the Geriatric Depression Scale), MedDietScore (range 0-55), and metabolic syndrome. About 49.8% men and 66.6% women had MMSE scores <24, with a mean MMSE score of 22.7±4.43 and 21.1±4.73, respectively. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was moderate (mean MedDietScore of 34.1±3.25 in men and 35.1±2.48 in women). Indicative cognitive impairment (MMSE score <24) was positively associated with age and low education in women and with depressive symptoms, low education status, and low social activity in men. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was positively associated with MMSE score in men (P=.02), but inversely associated in women (P=.04). Concerning the food groups studied, intake of pulses, nuts, and seeds was associated with lower likelihood of having MMSE score<24 in men (P=.04). Only the Mediterranean dietary pattern showed a significant association with MMSE score positive for cognitive impairment (i.e., protective in men, but not in women), while individual food groups or nutrients did not achieve significance. The latter findings support the role of whole diet in the prevention of mental disorders, and state a research hypothesis for a sex-diet interaction on cognitive function among elders.
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| 6. |
- Michelakos, Theodoros, et al.
(författare)
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Serum Folate and B12 Levels in Association With Cognitive Impairment Among Seniors : Results From the VELESTINO Study in Greece and Meta-Analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 0898-2643 .- 1552-6887. ; 25:4, s. 589-616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To summarize existing evidence on the effect of serum folate and vitamin B12 levels on cognitive impairment among elders via a meta-analysis, also including unpublished data from a cross-sectional study of seniors ( > 65 years) residing in Velestino, Greece. Method: Serum measurements and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) assessments were available for 593 Velestinians. In addition, 12 studies availing data on folate blood levels (N = 9,747) and 9 on B12 (N = 8,122) were identified following a search algorithm; pooled effect estimates were derived. Results: Cognitive impairment (MMSE < 24) among Velestenians was associated with lower education level in both genders; decreased social activity, depressive symptoms and low folate levels in males; older age in females. Meta-analyses showed an adverse effect of low-folate levels on cognition (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.40-1.96); B12 was nonsignificantly associated (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.88-1.40). Discussion: Low folate levels are associated with cognitive impairment of seniors; underlying pathophysiological mechanisms should be further explored.
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| 7. |
- Papadopoulos, Fotios C, et al.
(författare)
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Childbearing and mortality among women with anorexia nervosa
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Eating Disorders. - : Wiley. - 0276-3478 .- 1098-108X. ; 46:2, s. 164-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between childbearing and mortality from anorexia nervosa (AN). METHOD: A total of 5,251 females, from a population-based Swedish registry, admitted with an AN diagnosis during the period 1973-2003 were included. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were estimated and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox regression. RESULTS: Nulliparous women had a sixfold higher mortality due to natural causes and ninefold higher mortality due to unnatural causes compared to the general population. Parous women had higher mortality compared to the general population only due to unnatural causes. Suicide was the most common cause of death. Childbearing was associated with a 65% lower mortality. One hundred forty four women out of 1,941 parous women were hospitalized perinatally for any psychiatric disorder (7.4%). DISCUSSION: Childbearing is associated with lower mortality among women with AN.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Sylvén, Sara M, et al.
(författare)
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Newborn gender as a predictor of postpartum mood disturbances in a sample of Swedish women
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archives of Women's Mental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-1816 .- 1435-1102. ; 14:3, s. 195-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postpartum depression (PPD) is a condition that affects about 10% of newly delivered women. The aim of this study was to examine the possible association between offspring gender and risk for development of PPD in Sweden. The study was undertaken as part of the UPPSAT project, a population-based longitudinal study in Uppsala, Sweden. From May 2006 to June 2007, women who gave birth at Uppsala University Hospital and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were asked to participate. The participating women filled out, at three points during the first 6 months after delivery, questionnaires containing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale as well as questions concerning various lifestyle factors, medical history, breast feeding habits, social support parameters, and diet factors. No significant difference in risk of PPD in relation to baby gender could be shown 6 weeks and 6 months after delivery. However, women who gave birth to a male offspring had a significantly higher risk of self-reported depressive symptomatology 5 days after delivery. The association remained statistically significant after adjustment for possible confounders in a logistic regression model. This longitudinal study demonstrates that, in Sweden, the gender of the offspring is not associated with a higher risk for self-reported postpartum depression in the mother 6 weeks or 6 months after delivery. The birth of a baby boy, however, gives the mother a higher risk of postpartum blues 5 days after delivery.
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| 10. |
- Sylvén, Sara M, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonality patterns in postpartum depression
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9378 .- 1097-6868. ; 204:5, s. 413.e1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible association between postpartum depressive symptoms and season of delivery. STUDY DESIGN: During 1 year, delivering women in the Uppsala University Hospital were asked to participate in the study by filling out 3 postpartum questionnaires containing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale and questions assessing life style, medical history, breast-feeding, and social support. RESULTS: Two thousand three hundred eighteen women participated. Women delivering in the last 3 months of the year had a significantly higher risk of self-reported depressive symptomatology both at 6 weeks (odds ratio, 2.02, 95% confidence interval, 1.32-3.10) and at 6 months after delivery (odds ratio, 1.82, 95% confidence interval, 1.152.88), in comparison to those delivering April-June, both before and after adjustment for possible confounders. CONCLUSION: Women delivering during the last quartile of the year had a significantly higher risk for depressive symptoms 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum and would thus benefit from a closer support and follow-up after delivery.
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