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| 2. |
- Mikkelsen, Tarjei S, et al.
(författare)
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Genome of the marsupial Monodelphis domestica reveals innovation in non-coding sequences
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 447:7141, s. 167-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a high-quality draft of the genome sequence of the grey, short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica). As the first metatherian ('marsupial') species to be sequenced, the opossum provides a unique perspective on the organization and evolution of mammalian genomes. Distinctive features of the opossum chromosomes provide support for recent theories about genome evolution and function, including a strong influence of biased gene conversion on nucleotide sequence composition, and a relationship between chromosomal characteristics and X chromosome inactivation. Comparison of opossum and eutherian genomes also reveals a sharp difference in evolutionary innovation between protein-coding and non-coding functional elements. True innovation in protein-coding genes seems to be relatively rare, with lineage-specific differences being largely due to diversification and rapid turnover in gene families involved in environmental interactions. In contrast, about 20% of eutherian conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) are recent inventions that postdate the divergence of Eutheria and Metatheria. A substantial proportion of these eutherian-specific CNEs arose from sequence inserted by transposable elements, pointing to transposons as a major creative force in the evolution of mammalian gene regulation.
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| 4. |
- Lukes, D. J., et al.
(författare)
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Oral feeding with pig peripheral lymphocytes decreases the xenogeneic delayed type hypersensitivity reaction in galactosyltransferase knockout mice
- 2005
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Ingår i: Transplantation proceedings. - 0041-1345. ; 37:8, s. 3327-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Oral tolerance induction has shown promising results in experimental allotransplantation models but is not well investigated in xenotransplantation. We investigated the possibility to induce tolerance against pig peripheral lymphocytes (pPBL) in galactosyltransferase knockout mice (gal -/-), which produce antibodies against Galalpha1-3Gal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Female (gal -/-) mice 6 to 8 weeks old weighing 35 to 40 g (n = 10) were fed orally every third day five times with 2 x 10(7) isolated, viable pPBL, or with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) only (n = 7). They were then immunized subcutaneously on day 0 with a subcellular lysate from 4 x 10(7) isolated, viable pPBL. On day 13, 25 microL of a subcellular lysate corresponding to 1 x 10(7) isolated, viable pPBL was injected in the right dorsal foot pad, and the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction was calculated after 24 hours by subtracting the swelling response from 25 microL PBS in the left footpad. Anti-Galalpha1-3Gal immunoglobulin IgG and IgM antibody titers were measured in the serum before oral feeding and at day 14. RESULTS: The DTH reaction of the pPBL fed mice was 0.07 +/- 0.05 mm vs 0.57 +/- 0.23 mm for the controls (P < .001). No significant differences in anti Gal alpha1-3 Gal IgG and IgM antibody titers were seen. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates for the first time that oral delivery of pPBL can counteract the indirect T-cell reaction against xenogeneic subcellular antigens from pPBL. These observations warrant further investigation in immunologically modified mice and perhaps in primate models of xenotransplantation.
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| 5. |
- Chomiak, Jerzy, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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Flame kernel growth in a rotating gas
- 2008
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Ingår i: Combustion Science and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0010-2202 .- 1563-521X. ; 180:2, s. 391-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The communication deals with an ignition kernel development in uniformly rotating mixture. A simple model is presented in order to predict the time evolution of the kernel length and its diameter under the assumption of ignition on the axis of rotation, which is preferred mode for rapid flame development. The analytic expressions for flame radius and length are compared with experimental results. The predicted radius growth rate is in good agreement with experimental data, whereas the length evolution rate predictions deviate substantially from measurements due to flame propagation effects involving quenching and perturbation of the surrounding flow by the growing kernel. An interesting general result supported by the theory and experiment is that the diameter growth rate of the cylindrical part of the kernel is about half the growth rate of the spherical kernel in a quiescent mixture and is independent of the rotation rate. Wall effects start to reduce the kernel development rate when the distance from the wall is less than double the kernel diameter. The effects are quite strong.
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| 6. |
- Lukes, D. J., et al.
(författare)
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Ischemic preconditioning can overcome the effect of moderate to severe cold ischemia on concordant mouse xeno-heart transplants
- 2005
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Ingår i: Transplantation proceedings. - 0041-1345. ; 37:8, s. 3332-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Concordant mouse xeno-heart transplants are relatively sensitive to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We investigated the effect of an ischemic preconditioning (IPC) protocol on the functional and biochemical outcome of mouse xenohearts transplanted to the Lewis rat. MATERIAL AND METHODS: NMRI mice (30 to 40 g) were anesthetized, intubated, and mechanically ventilated. They were subjected either to a IPC protocol leading to an SaO(2) of 70% for 5 minutes followed by normoxia (defined as SaO(2) >90%) for 10 minutes (n = 9) or normoxia only (n = 11). The hearts were then heterotopically transplanted to Lewis rats (220 g). The frequencies of immediate onset and early dysfunction and late dysfunction were registered. The hearts surviving for 6 hours were explanted and the absolute concentrations of phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were determined in micromole per gram of heart tissue with high-pressure liquid chromatography. The phosphorylation ratio, PCr/ATP, a known correlate to biochemical and functional outcome, was calculated. RESULTS: Four of 11 (36.4%) of control hearts experienced immediate onset and early dysfunction versus 0% (0/9) in M hearts subjected to IPC (P = .01). Furthermore, the IPC protocol increased the PCr concentration, 15.08 +/- 1.00 versus 9.04 +/- 2.04 micromol/g in controls (P = .01), and the PCr/ATP ratio, 1.80 +/- 0.17 versus 1.27 +/- 0.21 (NS; P = .06). CONCLUSIONS: IPC provides a protective PCr overshoot overcoming the short-term effects of moderate to severe ischemic injury on mouse xeno-heart transplants.
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| 7. |
- Parra Barraza, Rodrigo, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Multiwavelength radio observations of the compact starburst in Arp 220
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Science. - 1824-8039. ; 36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first detection at multiple radio wavelengths (13, 6, and 3.6 cm) of 18 compact sources within both nuclei of the Ultra Luminous Infra-Red Galaxy (ULIRG) Arp 220. In just over half of the sources we find that the observed spectra are consistent with the standard model of powerful Type IIn supernovae interacting with their pre-explosion stellar wind. The rate of appearance of new radio sources ascribed to these supernova events suggests that a large fraction of core-collapse supernovae in Arp 220 are highly luminous, possibly implying a radically different stellar initial mass function (IMF) or stellar evolution compared to galactic disks. A second group of sources, consisting of the brightest and longest monitored sources at 18 cm, do not easily fit the radio supernova model. We propose that these are young supernova remnants that have just begun interacting with their surrounding dense ISM.
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| 8. |
- Parra Barraza, Rodrigo, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Preliminary Results from the COLAN Sample
- 2005
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Ingår i: in Proceedings of “The Evolution of Starbursts”, Bad Honnef 16-20 August 2004, eds. S. Hüttemeister, E. Manthey, D. Bomans, K. Weis, AIP Conf. Proc., American Institute of Physics. - 0735402701 ; :783, s. 241-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
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