| 1. |
- Zenou, Yves, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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On the Sources of the Black-White Test Score Gap in Europe
- 2009
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Ingår i: Economics Letters. - 0165-1765 .- 1873-7374. ; 52:1, s. 49-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differences between black and white students in Britain are investigated. If black parents would invest in education as much as white parents do, the racial test score gap in mathematics and reading would be reduced by 7 and 9%.
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| 2. |
- Zenou, Yves, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Peer Effects and Social Networks in Education
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Review of Economic Studies. - 0034-6527 .- 1467-937X. ; 76:4, s. 1175-1204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We develop a model that shows that, at the Nash equilibrium, the outcome of each individual embedded in a network is proportional to his/her Katz-Bonacich centrality measure. This measure takes into account both direct and indirect friends of each individual, but puts less weight to his/her distant friends. We then bring the model to the data using a very detailed dataset of adolescent friendship networks. We show that, after controlling for observable individual characteristics and unobservable network specific factors, a standard deviation increase in the Katz-Bonacich centrality increases the pupil school performance by more than 7% of one standard deviation.
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| 3. |
- Zenou, Yves, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Urban Sprawl in Europe
- 2009
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Ingår i: Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs. - 1528-7084 .- 1533-4449. ; , s. 125-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in urban forms and development patterns are crucial to understanding the role of cities as engines of growth. Urban sprawl is usually defined as the spreading of a city and its suburbs over rural land at the fringe of an urban area. Urban planners emphasize the qualitative aspects of sprawl such as the lack of transportation options and pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods. Conservationists tend to focus on the actual amount of land that has been urbanized by sprawl. Although urban sprawl has been extensively studied in the United States (see, for example, Brueckner 2000, 2001; Glaeser and Kahn 2001, 2004; Nechyba and Walsh 2004), very few empirical studies have been undertaken in Europe. Basic reasons for this lack of research are the conceptual divergences in the U.S. and European geographical definitions of cities and the limitations in the availability of actual data for Europe. Urban sprawl is one of the most important types of land use changes currently affecting Europe. It increasingly creates major impacts on the environment (via surface sealing, emissions by transport, and ecosystem fragmentation), on the social structure of an area (by segregation, lifestyle changes, and neglect of urban centers), and on the economy (via distributed production, land prices, and issues of scale). It is therefore crucial to understand it better.
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