| 1. |
- Bongi, M, et al.
(författare)
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PAMELA : A satellite experiment for antiparticles measurement in cosmic rays
- 2004
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; 51:3, s. 854-859
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PAMELA is a satellite-borne experiment that will study the antiproton and positron fluxes in cosmic rays in a wide range of energy (from 80 MeV up to 190 GeV for antiprotons and from 50 MeV up to 270 GeV for positrons) and with high statistics, and that will measure the antihelium/helium ratio with a sensitivity of the order of 10(-8). The detector will fly on-board a polar orbiting Resurs DK1 satellite, which will be launched into space by a Soyuz rocket in 2004 from Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, for a 3-year-long mission. Particle identification and energy measurements are performed in the PAMELA apparatus using the following subdetectors: a magnetic spectrometer made up of a permanent magnet equipped with double-sided microstrip silicon detectors, an electromagnetic imaging calorimeter composed of layers of tungsten absorber and silicon detectors planes, a transition radiation detector made of straw tubes interleaved with carbon fiber radiators, a plastic scintillator time-of-flight and trigger system, a set of anticounter plastic scintillator detectors, and a neutron detector. The features of the detectors and the main results obtained in beam test sessions are presented.
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| 2. |
- Adriani, O., et al.
(författare)
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The PAMELA experiment on satellite and its capability in cosmic rays measurements
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 478:02-jan, s. 114-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PAMELA equipment will be assembled in 2001 and installed on board the Russian satellite Resurs. PAMELA is conceived mainly to study the antiproton and positron fluxes in cosmic rays up to high energy (190 GeV for (p) over bar and 270 GeV for e(+)) and to search antinuclei, up to 30 GeV/n, with a sensitivity of 10(-7) in the He/He ratio. The PAMELA telescope consists of. a magnetic spectrometer made up of a permanent magnet system equipped with double sided microstrip silicon detectors a transition radiation detector made up of active layers of proportional straw tubes interleaved with carbon fibre radiators; and a silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter made up of layers of tungsten absorbers and silicon detector planes. A time-of-flight system and anti-coincidence counters complete the PAMELA equipment. In the past years, tests have been done on each subdetector of PAMELA; the main results are presented and their implications on the anti-particles identification capability in cosmic rays are discussed here.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Carel, RH, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to asbestos and lung and pleural cancer mortality among pulp and paper industry workers
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 44:6, s. 579-584
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the mortality from lung and pleural cancers in a cohort of 62, 937 male workers employed for at least 1 year in the pulp and paper industry in 13 countries during 1945 to 1996. Mill departments were classified according to probability and level of exposure to asbestos on the basis of available dust measurements and mill-specific information on exposure circumstances. Thirty-six percent of workers were classified as ever exposed to asbestos. Standardized mortality ratios of lung cancer were 0.99 (95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 1.08) among unexposed and 1.00 (95 % CI, 0.90 to 1.11) among ever exposed workers. The number of pleural cancer deaths among unexposed workers was 10, that among exposed workers was 14, most of which occurred among maintenance workers. In internal analyses, a trend in mortality from either neoplasm was suggested for estimated cumulative exposure to asbestos, weighted for the individual probability of exposure within the department and for duration of exposure (relative risk for lung cancer for 0.78+ f/cc-years, as compared with = 0.01 f/cc-years: 1.44, 95 % CI, 0.85 to 2.45, corresponding relative risk for pleural cancer: 2.43, 95% CI, 0.43 to 13.63). Despite a possible nondifferential misclassification of exposure and outcome, this study suggests that the carcinogenic effect of asbestos can be detected among workers employed in industries such as the pulp and paper industry, in which it is not considered to be a major hazard.
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| 5. |
- Andrieux, M. L., et al.
(författare)
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Single-event upset studies of a high-speed digital optical data link
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 456:3, s. 342-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results from a series of neutron and photon irradiation tests of a high-speed digital optical data link based on a commercial serialiser and a vertical cavity surface emitting laser are described. The link was developed as a candidate for the front-end readout of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter. The components at the emitting end of the link were unaffected by neutron and photon irradiation levels exceeding those expected during 10 years of LHC running. However, the link suffered from Single-Event Upsets (SEUs) when irradiated with energetic neutrons. A very general method based on the Burst Generation Rate (BGR) model has been developed and is used to extrapolate the error rate observed during tests to that expected at the LHC. A model-independent extrapolation was used to check the BGR approach and the results were consistent once systematic errors were taken into account.
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| 6. |
- Bergenius, S., et al.
(författare)
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Proton irradiation response of CsI(Tl) crystals for the GLAST calorimeter
- 2003
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Ingår i: 2003 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. - : IEEE Press. - 0780382579 ; , s. 1096-1099
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electromagnetic calorimeter of the Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) consists of 16 towers of CsI(Tl) crystals. Each tower contains 8 layers of crystals (each 326.0x26.7x19.9 mm3) arranged in a hodoscopic fashion. The crystals are read out at both ends with photodiodes. Crystals produced by Amcrys-H (Ukraine) are used. A full size crystal was irradiated with a 180 MeV proton beam and the radiation induced attenuation was measured. The induced radioactivity of the crystal was also studied. In this paper we will discuss the damage due to proton irradiation and compare this with the expected in-orbit background flux.
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| 7. |
- Bergenius, S., et al.
(författare)
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Radiation hardness tests of CSI(Tl) crystals for the GLAST electromagnetic calorimeter
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 28th International Cosmic Ray Conference. ; , s. 2787-2790
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electromagnetic calorimeter of the Gamma ray Large Area Space Telescope(GLAST) consists of 16 towers of CsI(Tl) crystals. Each tower contains 8layers of crystals (each 326.0×26.7×19.9 mm3) arranged in a hodoscopic fashion.The crystals are read out at both ends with PIN photodiodes. Crystals producedby Amcrys-H (Ukraine) are used. As a part of the quality control procedureduring crystal production, samples from the uncut boules are systematically irradiatedwith gamma rays from a 60Co source. Studies have also been carried outto verify the correspondence between the post-irradiation properties of the boulesamples and the full size crystals which are subsequently cut from the boule. Thefull size crystals have also been irradiated with a 180 MeV proton beam and theradiation induced attenuation measured.
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| 8. |
- Boezio, M., et al.
(författare)
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Imaging dark matter with the Pamela experiment
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 471:02-jan, s. 184-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The search for dark matter is a fundamental issue for astroparticle physics. A satellite-borne experiment ('Pamela') is under construction and will study cosmic rays whilst executing a polar orbit at an altitude of 690 km. The experiment comprises a transition radiation detector; a magnetic spectrometer, incorporating silicon tracking and surrounded by an anti-coincidence shield; an electromagnetic imaging calorimeter and a time-of-flight trigger system. This combination of detectors is particularly apt for the study of the antiproton component of cosmic rays from 100 MeV up to a few 100 GeV and will provide important new information for dark matter searches.
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| 9. |
- Boezio, M., et al.
(författare)
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The space experiment PAMELA
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 39-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present in this paper a status report of the space experiment PAMELA. PAMELA is a satellite-borne experiment which primarily aims to measure the antiproton and positron spectra in the cosmic radiation over a large energy range (from 80 MeV up to 190 GeV for antiprotons and from 50 MeV up to 270 GeV for positrons) and to search for antinuclei with a sensitivity of the order of 10(-8) in the antihelium/ helium ratio. In addition, it will measure the light nucleax component of cosmic rays and investigate phenomena connected with Solar and Earth physics. The apparatus will be installed onboard the polar orbiting Resurs DK1 satellite, which will be launched into space by a Soyuz TM2 rocket in 2004 from Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, for a 3 year long mission. PAMELA consists of: a time of flight system, a transition radiation detector, a magnetic spectrometer, an anticoincidence detector, an electromagnetic imaging calorimeter, a shower tail catcher scintillator and a neutron detector.
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| 10. |
- Bonvicini, V., et al.
(författare)
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New concepts in silicon calorimetry for space experiments
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 518:1-2, s. 186-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the framework of the INFN R&D project CASIS, we have designed a new double-sided silicon strip detector with parallel strips, optimised for calorimetry. The idea is to read out p and n strips with two types of electronics, having different sensitivities and ranges, in order to increase the overall dynamic range by covering different signal regions. We present results from a test beam we performed at TSL (Uppsala, Sweden) with N, O and Ne ions with energies above 40 MeV/n. The design of a new front-end integrated circuit, with ultra-large dynamic range (more than 10,000 MIP) is under way and the first prototypes will be produced by the end of 2003.
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