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- Egeland, Nina Gran, et al.
(författare)
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Spinal nociceptive hyperexcitability induced by experimental disc herniation is associated with enhanced local expression of Csf1 and FasL.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1872-6623 .- 0304-3959. ; 154:9, s. 1743-1748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sciatica following disc herniation may be associated with compression of spinal nerves, but also by inflammatory substances released from the nucleus pulposus (NP) leaking into the spinal canal. Here, in an animal model mimicking clinical intervertebral disc herniation, we investigate the effect of NP on neuronal activity. In anaesthetized Lewis rats, extracellular single unit recordings of spinal dorsal horn neurons were performed, and the C-fibre responses were examined. Moreover, qPCR was used to explore the gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the NP tissue exposed to the spinal dorsal nerve roots L3-L5. In accordance with earlier studies, we showed a significant increase in the C-fibre response and an up-regulation of the gene expression of interleukin 1β (IL1β) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) 180 minutes after application of NP onto the nerve roots. Moreover, based on a PCR array of 84 common inflammatory cytokines at the same time point, we demonstrated a highly significant up-regulation of colony-stimulating factor 1 (Csf1) also termed macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and Fas ligand (FasL). The pronounced up-regulation of Cfs1 and FasL 180 minutes after application of NP onto the nerve roots suggests that macrophage activation and apoptosis may be involved in pain hypersensitivity and other sensory abnormalities following disc herniation.
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- Gretarsdottir, Solveig, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies a sequence variant within the DAB2IP gene conferring susceptibility to abdominal aortic aneurysm
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 42:8, s. 71-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed a genome-wide association study on 1,292 individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and 30,503 controls from Iceland and The Netherlands, with a follow-up of top markers in up to 3,267 individuals with AAAs and 7,451 controls. The A allele of rs7025486 on 9q33 was found to associate with AAA, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.21 and P = 4.6 x 10(-10). In tests for association with other vascular diseases, we found that rs7025486[A] is associated with early onset myocardial infarction (OR = 1.18, P = 3.1 x 10(-5)), peripheral arterial disease (OR = 1.14, P = 3.9 x 10(-5)) and pulmonary embolism (OR = 1.20, P = 0.00030), but not with intracranial aneurysm or ischemic stroke. No association was observed between rs7025486[A] and common risk factors for arterial and venous diseases-that is, smoking, lipid levels, obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Rs7025486 is located within DAB2IP, which encodes an inhibitor of cell growth and survival.
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- Helgadottir, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Apolipoprotein(a) Genetic Sequence Variants Associated With Systemic Atherosclerosis and Coronary Atherosclerotic Burden But Not With Venous Thromboembolism
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 60:8, s. 722-729
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The purpose of this study is investigate the effects of variants in the apolipoprotein(a) gene (LPA) on vascular diseases with different atherosclerotic and thrombotic components. Background It is unclear whether the LPA variants rs10455872 and rs3798220, which correlate with lipoprotein(a) levels and coronary artery disease (CAD), confer susceptibility predominantly via atherosclerosis or thrombosis. Methods The 2 LPA variants were combined and examined as LPA scores for the association with ischemic stroke (and TOAST [Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment] subtypes) (effective sample size [n(e)] = 9,396); peripheral arterial disease (n(e) = 5,215); abdominal aortic aneurysm (ne = 4,572); venous thromboembolism (ne = 4,607); intracranial aneurysm (ne = 1,328); CAD (n(e) = 12,716), carotid intima-media thickness (n = 3,714), and angiographic CAD severity (n = 5,588). Results LPA score was associated with ischemic stroke subtype large artery atherosclerosis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27; p = 6.7 X 10(-4)), peripheral artery disease (OR: 1.47; p = 2.9 x 10(-14)), and abdominal aortic aneurysm (OR: 1.23; p = 6.0 x 10(-5)), but not with the ischemic stroke subtypes cardioembolism (OR: 1.03; p = 0.69) or small vessel disease (OR: 1.06; p = 0.52). Although the LPA variants were not associated with carotid intima-media thickness, they were associated with the number of obstructed coronary vessels (p = 4.8 x 10(-12)). Furthermore, CAD cases carrying LPA risk variants had increased susceptibility to atherosclerotic manifestations outside of the coronary tree (OR: 1.26; p = 0.0010) and had earlier onset of CAD (-1.58 years/allele; p = 8.2 x 10(-8)) than CAD cases not carrying the risk variants. There was no association of LPA score with venous thromboembolism (OR: 0.97; p = 0.63) or intracranial aneurysm (OR: 0.85; p = 0.15). Conclusions LPA sequence variants were associated with atherosclerotic burden, but not with primarily thrombotic phenotypes. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 60: 722-9) (C) 2012 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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- Linné, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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"Expanding My Universe" : Critical Animal Studies Education as Theory, Politics, and Practice
- 2014
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Ingår i: Critical Animal Studies. - Toronto : Canadian Scholars' Press Inc.. - 9781551305639 ; , s. 268-283
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter, presenting the structure, pedagogical idea and outcome of the first Swedish Critical Animal Studies course developed by the authors at Lund University in spring 2012, does not so much seek to establish once and for all what CAS “is,” but rather attempts do explore what CAS has a potential to do in the areas of animal theory, politics, and practice. Drawing on Biesta’s and Säfström’s (2011) “Manifesto for education,” we frame CAS educational experiences as potential and process working in the tension between “what is” (the present societal order) and “what is not” (a utopian future). Four themes of our CAS course, together with the diverse array of student responses, are outlined: 1. Social constructions, positions, and representations of animals; 2. Boundary work, speciesism and intersectionalities; 3. Animals, violence, and societal organization; and 4. Animals and social change. We conclude with discussing potentialities of CAS education for critique and transformation in a shifting economic, scientific, political and media-shaped landscape that assigns instrumental roles and values to animals with often devastating consequences for living conditions of animals and humans alike.
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- Pedersen, Helena
(författare)
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Animals and Education Research : Enclosures and Openings
- 2011
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Ingår i: Undisciplined Animals: Invitations to Animal Studies. - : Cambridge Scholars Publishing. - 144382951X - 9781443829519 ; , s. 11-26
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this chapter is twofold. First, it critically discusses conventional education epistemologies and their often instrumental relationship with “the animal” by addressing three primary areas of animal presence in education: Animals as “sites of sentimentality” in early childhood education (and beyond); animals as teaching and learning tools and as scientific objects in life science classrooms; and animals as a trope and antithesis in educational discourses of humanity. Second, the chapter opens possibilities for other questions and understandings of the position of the non-human animal in education to take shape. From this process emerge alternative ways of looking at education through the lenses of “biopalimpsest” and “zoocurriculum”, but also through disturbing our notions of who is the educable subject. In this manner, animals not only bring forth particular instabilities and indeterminacies of education, but make the “animal question” itself an educational question.
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