| 1. |
- Bergum Johanson, Lisbeth, et al.
(författare)
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«La elva leve»: Alta-saken som rollespill i historieundervisninga
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nordidactica. - Karlstad : CSD Karlstad. - 2000-9879. ; :2019:2, s. 72-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The annual staging of a role play for school pupils called “La elva leve” (‘Let the River Live’) at Alta museum addresses the conflict over the building of a hydroelectric power plant in the Alta-Kautokeino watercourse between 1978-82. The confrontation has an important legacy, not least by bringing the issue of Sámi Indigenous rights into the national limelight. This article discusses how the role play might serve as a starting point for teaching pupils about the conflict’s consequences for Sámi rights, and interrogates the degree to which this kind of role play might benefit the pupils’ awareness of history. Drawing on observations and interviews, we found that the pupils were strongly engaged in the play and that they found it both interesting and educational. However, while they also gained more knowledge about the conflict itself, there was little evidence that they connected the conflict to the Sámi struggle for indigenous rights, or that their historical consciousness expanded significantly.
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| 2. |
- Felix, Janine F, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association analysis identifies three new susceptibility loci for childhood body mass index.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Human molecular genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2083 .- 0964-6906. ; 25:2, s. 389-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large number of genetic loci are associated with adult body mass index. However, the genetics of childhood body mass index are largely unknown. We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of childhood body mass index, using sex- and age-adjusted standard deviation scores. We included 35 668 children from 20 studies in the discovery phase and 11 873 children from 13 studies in the replication phase. In total, 15 loci reached genome-wide significance (P-value < 5 × 10(-8)) in the joint discovery and replication analysis, of which 12 are previously identified loci in or close to ADCY3, GNPDA2, TMEM18, SEC16B, FAIM2, FTO, TFAP2B, TNNI3K, MC4R, GPR61, LMX1B and OLFM4 associated with adult body mass index or childhood obesity. We identified three novel loci: rs13253111 near ELP3, rs8092503 near RAB27B and rs13387838 near ADAM23. Per additional risk allele, body mass index increased 0.04 Standard Deviation Score (SDS) [Standard Error (SE) 0.007], 0.05 SDS (SE 0.008) and 0.14 SDS (SE 0.025), for rs13253111, rs8092503 and rs13387838, respectively. A genetic risk score combining all 15 SNPs showed that each additional average risk allele was associated with a 0.073 SDS (SE 0.011, P-value = 3.12 × 10(-10)) increase in childhood body mass index in a population of 1955 children. This risk score explained 2% of the variance in childhood body mass index. This study highlights the shared genetic background between childhood and adult body mass index and adds three novel loci. These loci likely represent age-related differences in strength of the associations with body mass index.
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| 3. |
- Fredriksson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The cell wall composition of Norway spruce earlywood and latewood revisited
- 2017
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Ingår i: ; , s. 148-153
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is well known that the xylem of gymnosperm trees consists mainly of tracheids and that the dimensions of these cells change over the growth season in temperate regions. When looking at a micrograph of a cross section of a growth ring, it can be seen that early in the season tracheids have larger radial diameters and thin walls, while tracheids formed later in the growth season have smaller radial diameters and thicker walls. However, information on possible chemical differences between these two regions of the growth ring is less abundant. According to a few published studies, earlywood normally contains more lignin relative to cellulose compared to latewood. For studies based on traditional compositional analysis and with results given per gram dry matter, this result is hardly surprising, as it simply expresses that a larger part of earlywood cell wall material consists of lignin-rich middle lamella because cells have larger diameters and thinner walls. However, a few studies based on ultraviolet microscopy indicate that differences in biopolymer composition also are seen when individual cell wall layers are analysed. In this study, we used Raman microspectroscopy to assess the relative biopolymer composition of earlywood and latewood secondary cell walls from Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and compared the biopolymer composition to infrared spectroscopy performed on isolated earlywood and latewood from the exact same growth rings.
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| 4. |
- Fredriksson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The cell wall composition of Norway spruce earlywood and latewood revisited
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Wood Products Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2042-6445 .- 2042-6453. ; 9:2, s. 80-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The xylem of gymnosperm trees consists mainly of tracheids, which generally have larger radial diameters and thinner walls in earlywood than in latewood. Information on possible chemical differences is limited, but according to a few studies, earlywood normally contains more lignin relative to cellulose than latewood. However, for methods giving results per gram dry matter, this result is expected since a larger part of the earlywood cell wall material consists of lignin-rich middle lamella. In this study, we used Raman microspectroscopy to assess relative biopolymer composition of earlywood and latewood secondary cell walls from mature sapwood of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). In addition, infrared spectroscopy of isolated earlywood and latewood from the same growth rings as well as additional growth rings was performed. Both methods showed significantly higher relative lignin content in the earlywood which confirms results from earlier studies.
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| 5. |
- Huang, Weiwei, et al.
(författare)
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Annual variations in Norway spruce xylem studied using infrared micro-spectroscopy
- 2019
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Ingår i: Forests. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4907. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In temperate environments, ring width, cell size and cell wall thickness within the xylem of trees are known to be affected by climate conditions. Less is known about the effect of climate conditions on the chemical characteristics of the xylem, which are important for the susceptibility of the tissue towards fungal infections as well as for the degradability of the material within the forest ecosystem. We explored the use of infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the possible effects of temperature and drought on the relative amount of cell wall biopolymers, i.e. the ratios between cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the earlywood xylem cell walls of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in temperate forests. Drought and warm temperatures were significantly correlated to the hemicellulose to lignin ratio of the earlywood formed the following year, perhaps due to a reduced amount of stored resources being available for xylem formation.
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| 6. |
- Skjørringe, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of ATP7A missense mutants suggests a correlation between intracellular trafficking and severity of Menkes disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Menkes disease (MD) is caused by mutations in ATP7A, encoding a copper-transporting P-type ATPase which exhibits copper-dependent trafficking. ATP7A is found in the Trans-Golgi Network (TGN) at low copper concentrations, and in the post-Golgi compartments and the plasma membrane at higher concentrations. Here we have analyzed the effect of 36 ATP7A missense mutations identified in phenotypically different MD patients. Nine mutations identified in patients with severe MD, virtually eliminated ATP7A synthesis, in most cases due to aberrant RNA splicing. A group of 21 predominantly severe mutations led to trapping of the protein in TGN and displayed essentially no activity in a yeast-based functional assay. These were predicted to inhibit the catalytic phosphorylation of the protein. Four mutants showed diffuse post-TGN localization, while two displayed copper dependent trafficking. These six variants were identified in patients with mild MD and typically displayed activity in the yeast assay. The four post-TGN located mutants were presumably affected in the catalytic dephosphorylation of the protein. Together these results indicate that the severity of MD correlate with cellular localization of ATP7A and support previous studies indicating that phosphorylation is crucial for the exit of ATP7A from TGN, while dephosphorylation is crucial for recycling back to TGN.
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