| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Yuan, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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In situ XAS study of the local structure and oxidation state evolution of palladium in a reduced graphene oxide supported Pd(ii) carbene complex during an undirected C-H acetoxylation reaction
- 2019
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Ingår i: Catalysis Science and Technology. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2044-4753 .- 2044-4761. ; 9:8, s. 2025-2031
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigations have been performed to provide insights into the reaction mechanism of a palladium(ii) catalyzed undirected C-H acetoxylation reaction in the presence of an oxidant. A Pd(ii) N-heterocyclic carbene complex π-stacked onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used as the catalyst. The Pd speciation during the catalytic process was examined by XAS, which revealed a possible mechanism over the course of the reaction. Pd(ii) complexes in the as-synthesized catalyst first go through a gradual ligand substitution where chloride ions bound to Pd(ii) are replaced by other ligands with a mean bond distance to Pd matching Pd-C/N/O. Parallel to this the mean oxidation state of Pd increases indicating the formation of Pd(iv) species. At a later stage, a fraction of the Pd complexes start to slowly transform into Pd nanoclusters. The mean average oxidation state of Pd decreases to the initial state at the end of the experiment which means that comparable amounts of Pd(0) and Pd(iv) are present. These observations from heterogeneous catalysis are in good agreement with its homogeneous analog and they support a Pd(ii)-Pd(iv)-Pd(ii) reaction mechanism.
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| 4. |
- Yuan, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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In Situ XAS Study of the Local Structure and Oxidation State Evolutions of Palladium in a Reduced Graphene Oxide Supported Pd(II) Carbene Complex during an Undirected C−H Acetoxylation Reaction
- 2019
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Ingår i: Catalysis Science & Technology. - 2044-4753 .- 2044-4761. ; 9:8, s. 2025-2031
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigations have been performed to provide insights into the reaction mechanism of a palladium(II) catalyzed undirected C–H acetoxylation reaction in the presence of an oxidant. A Pd(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complex p-stacked onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used as catalyst. The Pd speciation during the catalytic process was examined by XAS, which revealed a possible mechanism over the course of the reaction. Pd(II) complexes in the as-synthesized catalyst first go through a gradual ligand substitution where chloride ions bound to Pd(II) are replaced by other ligands with a bond distance to Pd corresponding to carbon, nitrogen and/or oxygen (L). Parallel to this the mean oxidation state of Pd increases indicating the formation of Pd(IV) species. At a later stage, a fraction of the Pd complexes start to slowly transform into Pd nanoclusters. The mean average oxidation state of Pd decreases to the initial state at the end of the experiment which means that comparable amounts of Pd(0) and Pd(IV) are present. These observations from heterogeneous catalysis are in good agreement with its homogeneous analog and they support a Pd(II)-Pd(IV)-Pd(II) reaction mechanism.
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| 5. |
- Ahlén, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Fourier coefficients attached to small automorphic representations of SLn (A)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Number Theory. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-314X .- 1096-1658. ; 192, s. 80-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that Fourier coefficients of automorphic forms attached to minimal or next-to-minimal automorphic representations of SLn(A) are completely determined by certain highly degenerate Whittaker coefficients. We give an explicit formula for the Fourier expansion, analogously to the Piatetski-Shapiro–Shalika formula. In addition, we derive expressions for Fourier coefficients associated to all maximal parabolic subgroups. These results have potential applications for scattering amplitudes in string theory.
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| 6. |
- Bao, Ling, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Rigid Calabi-Yau threefolds, Picard Eisenstein series and instantons
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 462:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type IIA string theory compactified on a rigid Calabi-Yau threefold gives rise to a classical moduli space that carries an isometric action of U(2, 1). Various quantum corrections break this continuous isometry to a discrete subgroup. Focussing on the case where the intermediate Jacobian of the Calabi-Yau admits complex multiplication by the ring of quadratic imaginary integers script O signd, we argue that the remaining quantum duality group is an arithmetic Picard modular group PU(2, 1; script O signd). Based on this proposal we construct an Eisenstein series invariant under this duality group and study its non-Abelian Fourier expansion. This allows the prediction of non-perturbative effects, notably the contribution of D2- and NS5-brane instantons. The present work extends our previous analysis in 0909.4299 which was restricted to the special case of the Gaussian integers script O sign1 = ℤ[i].
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| 7. |
- Birck, Malene M., et al.
(författare)
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Infection-induced coronary dysfunction and systemic inflammation in piglets are dampened in hypercholesterolemic milieu
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1539 .- 0363-6135. ; 300:5, s. 1595-1601
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Birck MM, Pesonen E, Odermarsky M, Hansen AK, Persson K, Frikke-Schmidt H, Heegaard PM, Liuba P. Infection-induced coronary dysfunction and systemic inflammation in piglets are dampened in hypercholesterolemic milieu. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 300: H1595-H1601, 2011. First published February 25, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01253.2010.-The synergism of infection with conventional cardiovascular risk factors in atherosclerosis is much debated. We hypothesized that coronary arterial injury correlates with infection recurrence and pathogen burden and is further aggravated by hypercholesterolemia. Forty-two Gottingen minipigs were assigned to repeated intratracheal inoculation of PBS, Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn), or both Cpn and influenza virus at 8, 11, and 14 wk of age. Animals were fed either standard or 2% cholesterol diet (chol-diet.). At 19 wk of age coronary vasomotor responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and adenosine were assessed in vivo and blood and tissue samples were collected. Nonparametric tests were used to compare the groups. In cholesterol-fed animals, total cholesterol/HDL was significantly increased in infected animals compared with noninfected animals [3.13 (2.17-3.38) vs. 2.03 (1.53-2.41), respectively; P = 0.01]. C-reactive protein (CRP) rose in infected animals [10.60 (4.96-18.00) vs. 2.47 (1.44-3.01) mu g/ml in noninfected; P < 0.01] without significant difference between the mono- and coinfected groups. Among coinfected animals, both CRP and haptoglobin were lower in those fed chol-diet than in those fed standard diet (P < 0.05). The vasoconstricting response to ACh was most prominent in coinfected animals (769.3 (594-1,129) cm; P = 0.03 vs. noninfected [342 (309-455) cm] and P = 0.07 vs. monoinfected [415 (252.5-9711.8) cm]}. Among monoinfected animals, similar to CRP, a trend for less vasoconstriction was observed in those fed chol-diet (P = 0.08). Coinfection of piglets appears to be associated with more pronounced coronary muscarinic vasomotor dysfunction. In monoinfected animals, use of chol-diet seems to dampen both coronary dysfunction and systemic inflammation induced by infection.
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| 8. |
- Bäckman, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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An observational study evaluating tacrolimus dose, exposure, and medication adherence after conversion from twice- to once-daily tacrolimus in liver and kidney transplant recipients
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of Transplantation. - 1425-9524 .- 2329-0358. ; 19, s. 138-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Immunosuppression regimens in transplantation medicine are complex. Drugs with extended release action have simplified medication dosing without affecting efficacy. Material/Methods: This prospective, observational, multicenter study, conducted in a routine medical practice setting, evaluated changes in tacrolimus daily dose and trough levels and patient-reported medication adherence at day 90 after 1:1 ( mg: mg) conversion to once-daily tacrolimus in adult liver and kidney transplant recipients. Results: Data from 224 recipients of a liver (n=19) or kidney (n=205) transplant, average age 51 +/- 14.5 years, were evaluated. The mean change in tacrolimus daily dose was +0.04 mg/day. Dose remained stable after conversion in 62.5%,was lower in 15.6%, and higher in 22% of patients. Trough level after conversion was lower in 62.6% and higher in 36.5%; generally, levels were 12.8% lower than pre-conversion levels. No acute rejection, graft loss, or serious safety events were observed. Two deaths occurred due to myocardial infarction. Conversion helped 19% to less frequently forget medications and 55% reported no difference in remembering to take the once-daily dose after conversion. The change in dosing frequency was identified as '' better" for 55%. Conclusions: Tacrolimus daily dose remained stable while trough levels were significantly lower after conversion to once-daily dosing. Safety and efficacy were maintained; reduced dosing frequency had no apparent influence on patient-reported medication adherence.
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| 9. |
- Ekroos, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Sparing land for biodiversity at multiple spatial scales
- 2016
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-701X. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common approach to the conservation of farmland biodiversity and the promotion of multifunctional landscapes, particularly in landscapes containing only small remnants of non-crop habitats, has been to maintain landscape heterogeneity and reduce land-use intensity. In contrast, it has recently been shown that devoting specific areas of non-crop habitats to conservation, segregated from high-yielding farmland (“land sparing”), can more effectively conserve biodiversity than promoting low-yielding, less intensively managed farmland occupying larger areas (“land sharing”). In the present paper we suggest that the debate over the relative merits of land sparing or land sharing is partly blurred by the differing spatial scales at which it is suggested that land sparing should be applied. We argue that there is no single correct spatial scale for segregating biodiversity protection and commodity production in multifunctional landscapes. Instead we propose an alternative conceptual construct, which we call “multiple-scale land sparing,” targeting biodiversity and ecosystem services in transformed landscapes. We discuss how multiple-scale land sparing may overcome the apparent dichotomy between land sharing and land sparing and help to find acceptable compromises that conserve biodiversity and landscape multifunctionality.
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| 10. |
- Fleig, Philipp, et al.
(författare)
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Eisenstein series and automorphic representations
- 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We provide an introduction to the theory of Eisenstein series and automorphic forms on real simple Lie groups G, emphasising the role of representation theory. It is useful to take a slightly wider view and define all objects over the (rational) adeles A, thereby also paving the way for connections to number theory, representation theory and the Langlands program. Most of the results we present are already scattered throughout the mathematics literature but our exposition collects them together and is driven by examples. Many interesting aspects of these functions are hidden in their Fourier coefficients with respect to unipotent subgroups and a large part of our focus is to explain and derive general theorems on these Fourier expansions. Specifically, we give complete proofs of Langlands' constant term formula for Eisenstein series on adelic groups G(A) as well as the Casselman--Shalika formula for the p-adic spherical Whittaker vector associated to unramified automorphic representations of G(Q_p). Somewhat surprisingly, all these results have natural interpretations as encoding physical effects in string theory. We therefore introduce also some basic concepts of string theory, aimed toward mathematicians, emphasising the role of automorphic forms. In addition, we explain how the classical theory of Hecke operators fits into the modern theory of automorphic representations of adelic groups, thereby providing a connection with some key elements in the Langlands program, such as the Langlands dual group LG and automorphic L-functions. Our treatise concludes with a detailed list of interesting open questions and pointers to additional topics where automorphic forms occur in string theory.
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