| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
-
Bo i Ro : Texter från ett tvärvetenskapligt symposium om boende, buller och hälsa. Läkaresällskapets hus i Stockholm, den 20 oktober 2016
- 2016
-
Proceedings (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sveriges Regering fattade den 9 april 2015 beslut om en ny förordning medbestämmelser om riktvärden för buller utomhus för spårtrafik, vägar ochflygplatser vid bostadsbyggnader. Förordningen (2015:216) om trafikbullervid bostadsbyggnader träder i kraft den 1 juni 2015. I denna förordning finnsförändrade riktvärden för bullerexponering vid bostader som tillåter betydligtmer buller än tidigare, något som från många håll kritiserats för att medförahälsorisker.Ljudmiljöcentrums målsättning med symposiet Bo i Ro har varit lyfta fram densenaste forskningen om hälsa och buller, synliggöra förändringarna ibullerförordning som kan få konsekvenser vad gäller hälsa och välbefinnandeför stora delar av befolkningen samt diskutera strategier för framtida folkhälsa,boende & bullerhantering.Symposiet arrangerades av Ljudmiljöcentrum vid Lunds universitet isamarbete med arbets- och miljömedicin i Lund och riktade sig särskilt tillintresserade forskare, politiker och beslutsfattare.Nyckelord: Bo i Ro, bostäder, trafikbuller, ljudmiljö, folkhälsa, forskning.
|
|
| 3. |
- Brüggemann, Jelmer, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding and preventing situations of abuse in health care : Navigation work in a Swedish palliative care setting
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 222, s. 52-58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In their everyday work, health professionals find themselves in situations that they perceive to be abusive to patients. Such situations can trigger feelings of shame and guilt, making efforts to address the problem among colleagues a challenge. This article analyzes how health professionals conceptualize abusive situations, and how they develop collective learning and explore preventive strategies. It is based on an interactive research collaboration with a hospice and palliative care clinic in Sweden during 2016–2017. The empirical material consists of group discussions and participant observations collected during interactive drama workshops for all clinic staff. Based on three types of challenges in the material, identified through thematic analysis, we establish the concept of navigation work to show how health professionals prevent or find ways out of challenging and potentially abusive situations. First, the navigation of care landscapes shows how staff navigate the different territories of the home and the ward, reflecting how spatial settings construct the scope of care and what professionals consider to be potentially abusive situations. Second, the negotiation of collective navigations addresses the professionals' shared efforts to protect patients through the use of physical and relational boundaries, or mediating disrupted relationships. Third, the navigation of tensions in care highlights professionals’ strategies in the confined action space between coercing and neglecting patients who oppose necessary care procedures. Theoretically, the concept of navigation work draws upon work on care in practice, and sheds light on the particular kind of work care professionals do, and reflect on doing, in order to navigate the challenges of potentially abusive situations. By providing a perspective and shared vocabulary, the concept may also elicit ways in which this work can be verbalized, shared, and developed in clinical practice.
|
|
| 4. |
- Falk, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
-
Nionde nationella prioriteringskonferensen 2017 : En summering
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Engagerat, angeläget och inspirerade. Så kan man sammanfatta den nionde nationella prioriteringskonferensen som arrangerades i Kalmar den 23-25 oktober. Första dagen var det förmöte med grundkurs i prioriteringskunskap och de två följande dagarna bjöds det på ett fullspäckat program med intressanta sessioner. Omkring 300 personer från hela landet hade tagit sig till konferensanläggningen Kalmarsalen för att uppdatera sig på området, träffa kollegor och utbyta erfarenheter.Den nationella prioriteringskonferensen är en mötesplats för personer som arbetar med prioritering inom vård och omsorg på olika sätt och fokuserar på metoder och arbetssätt, organisering av prioriteringsprocesser, rollfördelning mellan aktörer, lämpliga beslutsunderlag etc. Temat för årets konferens var: ”Vårdens prioriteringar – union eller konflikt?”.Konferensen äger rum vartannat år och nu var det den nionde gången som arrangemanget gick av stapeln. För värdskapet i år svarade Landstinget i Kalmar län i samarbete med Prioriterings-centrum vid Linköpings universitet. Moderator under konferensen var Christina Kennedy, chefredaktör på Dagens Medicin.
|
|
| 5. |
- Mohebnasab, Maedeh, et al.
(författare)
-
Current and Future Approaches for Monitoring Responses to Anti-complement Therapeutics
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-3224. ; 10, s. 1-13
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aberrations in complement system functions have been identified as either direct or indirect pathophysiological mechanisms in many diseases and pathological conditions, such as infections, autoimmune diseases, inflammation, malignancies, and allogeneic transplantation. Currently available techniques to study complement include quantification of (a) individual complement components, (b) complement activation products, and (c) molecular mechanisms/function. An emerging area of major interest in translational studies aims to study and monitor patients on complement regulatory drugs for efficacy as well as adverse events. This area is progressing rapidly with several anti-complement therapeutics under development, in clinical trials, or already in clinical use. In this review, we summarized the appropriate indications, techniques, and interpretations of basic complement analyses, exemplified by a number of clinical disorders.
|
|
| 6. |
- Nilsson Ekdahl, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
Interpretation of Serological Complement Biomarkers in Disease
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-3224. ; 9
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complement systemaberrations have been identified as pathophysiological mechanisms in a number of diseases and pathological conditions either directly or indirectly. Examples of such conditions include infections, inflammation, autoimmune disease, as well as allogeneic and xenogenic transplantation. Both prospective and retrospective studies have demonstrated significant complement-related differences between patient groups and controls. However, due to the low degree of specificity and sensitivity of some of the assays used, it is not always possible to make predictions regarding the complement status of individual patients. Today, there are three main indications for determination of a patient's complement status: (1) complement deficiencies (acquired or inherited); (2) disorders with aberrant complement activation; and (3) C1 inhibitor deficiencies (acquired or inherited). An additional indication is to monitor patients on complement-regulating drugs, an indication which may be expected to increase in the near future since there is now a number of such drugs either under development, already in clinical trials or in clinical use. Available techniques to study complement include quantification of: (1) individual components; (2) activation products, (3) function, and (4) autoantibodies to complement proteins. In this review, we summarize the appropriate indications, techniques, and interpretations of basic serological complement analyses, exemplified by a number of clinical disorders.
|
|
| 7. |
- Rådegran, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Characteristics and survival of adult Swedish PAH and CTEPH patients 2000-2014
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 50:4, s. 243-250
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The Swedish Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Register (SPAHR) is an open continuous register, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients from 2000 and onwards. We hereby launch the first data from SPAHR, defining baseline characteristics and survival of Swedish PAH and CTEPH patients.DESIGN: Incident PAH and CTEPH patients 2008-2014 from all seven Swedish PAH-centres were specifically reviewed.RESULTS: There were 457 PAH (median age: 67 years, 64% female) and 183 CTEPH (median age: 70 years, 50% female) patients, whereof 77 and 81%, respectively, were in functional class III-IV at diagnosis. Systemic hypertension, diabetes, ischaemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation were common comorbidities, particularly in those >65 years. One-, 3- and 5-year survival was 85%, 71% and 59% for PAH patients. Corresponding numbers for CTEPH patients with versus without pulmonary endarterectomy were 96%, 89% and 86% versus 91%, 75% and 69%, respectively. In 2014, the incidence of IPAH/HPAH, associated PAH and CTEPH was 5, 3 and 2 per million inhabitants and year, and the prevalence was 25, 24 and 19 per million inhabitants.CONCLUSION: The majority of the PAH and CTEPH patients were diagnosed at age >65 years, in functional class III-IV, and exhibiting several comorbidities. PAH survival in SPAHR was similar to other registers.
|
|
| 8. |
- Sandholm, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of a Novel Immunoassay for Quantification of C1q for Clinical Diagnostic Use
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-3224. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: C1q is a valuable biomarker of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The "gold standard" assay, rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE), is time-consuming, and thus a shift to soluble immune precipitation techniques such as nephelometry has occurred. However, quantification of C1q with these techniques has been questioned as a result of the antibody binding properties of C1q. In the present work, we have compared results using various techniques (RIE, nephelometry, and ELISA) and have developed and validated a new magnetic bead-based sandwich immunoassay (MBSI). Methods: C1q was quantified by nephelometry and the new sandwich immunoassay in 45 serum samples analyzed using RIE. C1q was also assessed in plasma using RIE and sandwich immunoassay in samples from SLE patients with nephritis (n = 69), SLE patients without nephritis (n = 310) as classified by BILAG score, and matched controls (n = 322). In addition, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 31 patients, previously analyzed with ELISA, were also analyzed with the MBSI to test the behavior of this new assay in the lower detection range. Results: We found a strong correlation between the new MBSI, RIE, and ELISA, but not with nephelometry. The MBSI demonstrated lower levels of C1q in SLE patients than in matched controls (p < 0.0001), and patients with nephritis had lower levels than patients without nephritis (p < 0.01). Similarily, RIE showed significant differences between the patient groups (p < 0.0001). An association was also found between the levels of C1q and the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Furthermore, there was good correlation between the values obtained by MBSI and ELISA, in both serum (r = 0.960) and CSF (r = 0.786), underscoring the ability of both techniques to measure low concentrations of C1q with high accuracy. Conclusion: The sandwich immunoassay correlated well with RIE, but soluble immune precipitation techniques, such as nephelometry, did not appear suitable alternatives, since C1q itself, and possibly anti-C1q antibodies, interfered with the measurements. The new sandwich immunoassay is therefore a good replacement for RIE in monitoring SLE disease activity.
|
|
| 9. |
- Westman, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
-
N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Autoimmunity Affects Cognitive Performance in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology And Infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 22:11, s. 934-940
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and temporal development of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) autoantibodies in relation to neurocognitive performance in patients with herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled a total of 49 HSE patients within a randomized controlled trial of valacyclovir. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples were drawn in the initial stage of disease, after 2 to 3 weeks and after 3 months. Anti-NMDAR IgG was detected with HEK293 cells transfected with plasmids encoding the NMDA NR1 type glutamate receptor. A batch of neurocognitive tests, including the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Reaction Level Scale (RLS85), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) stroke scale, was performed during 24 months' follow-up. Results: Anti-NMDAR IgG was detected in 12 of 49 participants. None were antibody positive in the initial stage of disease. In ten of 12 positive cases, specific antibodies were detectable only after 3 months. Notably, the development of NMDAR autoantibodies was associated with significantly impaired recovery of neurocognitive performance. After 24 months' follow-up, the median increase in MDRS total score was 1.5 vs. 10 points in antibody-positive and -negative participants (p = 0.018). Conclusions: Anti-NMDAR autoimmunity is a common complication to HSE that develops within 3 months after onset of disease. The association to impaired neurocognitive recovery could have therapeutical implications, as central nervous system autoimmunity is potentially responsive to immunotherapy.
|
|
| 10. |
- Wijma, Barbro, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
-
Kränkningar i vården är vanligt förekommande [Abuse in healthcare – Lessons learned during two decades of research] : Viktigt med aktivt arbete mot att patienter kränks
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; , s. 1-6
-
Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trots goda intentioner hos vårdpersonal upplever patienter ofta möten i vården som misslyckade. Det kan vara möten där patienten har fått en helt korrekt medicinsk behandling, men av andra anledningar upplever sig kränkt eller överkörd. Ofta lägger vårdgivare inte ens märke till att det sker. Om patienten i efterhand försöker få upprättelse är det heller inte säkert att ett sådant samtal når sitt syfte. Ämnet kränkningar i vården är tabubelagt och känslomässigt laddat. För att ge legitimitet åt insatser att hjälpa personal att motverka kränkningar behövs därför en god kunskapsbas.Med denna utgångspunkt startades för 20 år sedan ett nytt forskningsfält om kränkningar i vården vid enheten för genus och medicin, Linköpings universitet. I denna artikel redovisar forskargruppen några av sina resultat och lärdomar.
|
|
