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| 2. |
- Agell, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Labor Supply Prediction when Tax Avoidance Matters
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We examine how tax avoidance in the form of trade in well-functioning asset markets affects the emipircal study of labor supply. We discuss the implications for tax policy analysis, and we show that a failure to account for avoidance responses may lead to huge errors when predicting how tax reform affects labor supply, tax revenue, and the welfare cost of taxation. in conclusion we argue that our model may explain a number of otherwise hard to understand dimensions of tax payer response.
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| 3. |
- Agell, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Labor supply prediction when tax avoidance matters
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Labor Supply Prediction when Tax Avoidance Matters Jonas Agell, Mats Persson and Hans Sacklén, 1999/16, September 1999 We examine how tax avoidance in the form of trade in well-functioning asset markets affects the empirical study of labor supply. We di
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| 4. |
- Agell, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Tax Arbitrage and Labor Supply
- 1998
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We examine how tax avoidance in the form of trade in well-functioning asset markets affects the basic labor supply model. We show that tax arbitrage has potentially dramatic implications for positive, normative and econometric analysis of how taxes affect work incentives.
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| 5. |
- Agell, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Tax arbitrage and labor supply
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We examine how tax avoidance in the form of trade in well-functioning asset markets affects the basic labor supply model. We show that tax arbitrage has dramatic implications for positive, normative and econometric analysis of how taxes affect work incentives.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bignert, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal trends of organochlorines in Northern Europe, 1967–1995. Relation to global fractionation, leakage from sediments and international measures
- 1998
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 99:2, s. 177-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The time trend monitoring of organochlorine pollution was carried out in Sweden since the late 1960s. This report presents data on concentrations of DDT, PCB, HCHs and HCB in biota samples collected and analysed annually. All the matrices and compounds studied show a significant decrease over time. The data cover severely polluted Swedish marine and fresh water in southern Sweden as well as locally unpolluted waters in remote northern Arctic regions of Sweden. A total of 13 time series representing different locations and species are presented for the different pollutants. The period studied covers the time when pollution was serious as well as the time of recovery. All monitoring activities were carried out at the same laboratories over the entire study period, which means that comparability over time is good in the sets of data presented. The various time trends show a convincing agreement with trends and annual change over time, although the concentrations differ between the species and locations investigated, the highest concentrations being in the south. Since the annual changes are normally similar regardless of locations and species, spatial variations in concentrations remain over time, although concentrations are lower today. The onset of changes in concentrations over time can be related to international measures or other circumstances that lowered releases into the environment. Similarities in the annual changes, as well as the time when changes began, are discussed with respect to suggested hypotheses on the fate of the investigated organochlorines. It was not possible to verify that the oxygenation of anoxic sediments mobilised old pollution in Baltic sediments. Neither was it possible to conclude that eutrophication has caused a measurable effect on the rate and timing of the decreases. Finally, long-range transport to Arctic regions seems to be due more to a one step transport than to the ‘Grass-hopper’ effect. The comprehensive database used, clearly shows how important it is to have datasets big enough to describe between-year variation before attempting to evaluate the time trend. In addition, if between-year variation is not known, it is then also difficult to evaluate spatial variation on the basis of single year observations.
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| 8. |
- Brynhildsen, Jan, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Follow-Up of Patients With Low Back Pain During Pregnancy
- 1998
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Ingår i: Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). - 0029-7844 .- 1873-233X. ; 91:2, s. 182-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To identify the long-term risk for low back pain among women with previous severe low back pain during pregnancy.Methods: In a previous prospective study, 79 pregnant women developed low back pain severe enough to require sick leave. Twelve years later a questionnaire was sent to 62 of these women and 84 controls who did not develop severe low back pain during pregnancy. The questionnaire asked about occupation, low back pain in general and during later pregnancies, and sick leave due to low back pain. There were also questions regarding use of oral contraceptives and its possible relation to low back pain.Results: The response rate was 84% in the back pain group and 80% among controls. The two groups were similar according to the percentage of women having had another pregnancy (33 of 52 [63%] versus 39 of 67 [58%]) but ten (19%) of the women with previous low back pain stated they had refrained from another pregnancy because of their fear of low back pain compared with only one control. Almost all women (31 of 33) with previous severe low back pain experienced the same symptoms in a subsequent pregnancy, compared with 17 of 39 (44%) controls. Even when they were not pregnant, women with previous low back pain suffered more often and used more sick leave due to low back pain (44 of 52 versus 43 of 67, chi(2) = 5.68, P < .05). The location (sacroiliac joint or lumbar affection) of the previous low back pain did not affect the long-term prognosis. In a logistic regression model, previous low back pain during pregnancy was the only independent risk factor for low back pain during a subsequent pregnancy, whereas an occupation involving physical demand did not affect the results. However, together with previous low back pain during pregnancy, heavy occupation increased the risk for current nonpregnant low back pain.Conclusion: Women with severe low back pain during pregnancy have an extremely high risk for experiencing a new episode of severe low back pain during another pregnancy and when not pregnant.
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| 9. |
- Ehinger, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Involvement of the tumor suppressor gene p53 in tumor necrosis factor-induced differentiation of the leukemic cell line K562
- 1995
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Ingår i: Cell Growth and Differentiation. - 1044-9523. ; 6:1, s. 9-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cDNA of the human wild-type p53 tumor suppressor gene was constitutively overexpressed in the leukemic cell line K562 (which lacks detectable amounts of p53 protein) in order to investigate the consequences for growth and differentiation. Several stable clones were established by transfection of the expression vector pc53SN3. Expression of p53 protein was characterized by biosynthetic labeling and immunoprecipitation with the monoclonal antibodies pAb 1801 (reacting with wild-type and mutant human p53), pAb 240 (reacting with mutant human p53) and pAb 1620 (reacting with wild-type human p53). All clones which were 1801+, 240-, 1620- or 1801+, 240-, 1620+ were defined as "wild-type-like p53-expressing" clones. Our results show that expression of p53 protein is compatible with continuous proliferation of K562 cells. The growth characteristics of wild-type-like p53-expressing clones did not differ from that of control clones. However, the former were more sensitive than p53-negative control clones to growth inhibition by tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cytokine with a potential role in growth and differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells. In addition, a 2- to 4-fold increase of the amount of hemoglobin, a marker of erythroid differentiation, was observed when wild-type-like p53 protein-expressing clones were incubated with TNF. This suggests that differentiation is the mechanism responsible for the increased TNF sensitivity of these clones. Our results support a role for p53 in mediating growth inhibitory and differentiation inducing signals by TNF.
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| 10. |
- Ekström, Anders, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Pengarna eller humaniora?
- 1997
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - Stockholm. ; :21/10
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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