| 1. |
- Crenshaw, D. M., et al.
(författare)
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Multiwavelength observations of short-timescale variability in NGC 4151. I. Ultraviolet observations
- 1996
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 470:1, s. 322-335335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presents the results of an intensive ultraviolet monitoring campaign on the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151, as part of an effort to study its short-timescale variability over a broad range in wavelength. The nucleus of NGC 4151 was observed continuously with the International Ultraviolet Explorer for 9.3 days, yielding a pair of LWP and SWP spectra every ~70 minutes, and during 4 hr periods for 4 days prior to and 5 days after the continuous-monitoring period. The sampling frequency of the observations is an order of magnitude higher than that of any previous UV monitoring campaign on a Seyfert galaxy. The continuum fluxes in bands from 1275 to 2688 Aring went through four significant and well-defined ldquoeventsrdquo of duration 2-3 days during the continuous-monitoring period. The authors find that the amplitudes of the continuum variations decrease with increasing wavelength, which extends a general trend for this and other Seyfert galaxies to smaller timescales (i.e., a few days). The continuum variations in all the UV bands are simultaneous to within an accuracy of ~0.15 days, providing a strict constraint on continuum models. The emission-line light curves show only one major event during the continuous monitoring (a slow rise followed by a shallow dip) and do not correlate well with continuum light curves over the short duration of the campaign, because the timescale for continuum variations is apparently smaller than the response times of the emission lines
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| 2. |
- Edelson, R. A., et al.
(författare)
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Multiwavelength observations of short-timescale variability in NGC 4151. IV. Analysis of multiwavelength continuum variability
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 470:1, s. 364-377377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For pt.III see ibid., vol.470, no.1, p.349-63 (1996). Combines data from the three preceding papers in order to analyze the multi wave-band variability and spectral energy distribution of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4151 during the 1993 December monitoring campaign. The source, which was near its peak historical brightness, showed strong, correlated variability at X-ray, ultraviolet, and optical wavelengths. The strongest variations were seen in medium-energy (~1.5 keV) X-rays, with a normalized variability amplitude (NVA) of 24%. Weaker (NVA=6%) variations (uncorrelated with those at lower energies) were seen at soft gamma-ray energies of ~100 keV. No significant variability was seen in softer (0.1-1 keV) X-ray bands. In the ultraviolet/optical regime, the NVA decreased from 9% to 1% as the wavelength increased from 1275 to 6900 Aring. These data do not probe extreme ultraviolet (1200 Aring to 0.1 keV) or hard X-ray (250 keV) variability. The phase differences between variations in different bands were consistent with zero lag, with upper limits of lsim0.15 day between 1275 Aring and the other ultraviolet bands, lsim0.3 day between 1275 Aring and 1.5 keV, and lsim1 day between 1275 and 5125 Aring. These tight limits represent more than an order of magnitude improvement over those determined in previous multi-wave-band AGN monitoring campaigns. The ultraviolet fluctuation power spectra showed no evidence for periodicity, but were instead well fitted with a very steep, red power law (ales-2.5)
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| 3. |
- Clavel, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Steps toward determination of the size and structure of the broad-line region in active galactic nuclei. I. An 8 month campaign of monitoring NGC 5548 with IUE
- 1991
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 366:1, s. 64-8181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors present emission-line and ultraviolet continuum observations of a type I Seyfert galaxy in which the time resolution is adequate for describing the character of variability. Using the IUE satellite, the nucleus of NGC 5548 was observed every 4 days for a period of 8 months. Its mean properties-continuum shape, line ratios-are not unusual for type I Seyfert galaxies, but it was found to be strongly variable. The ultraviolet continuum flux and broad emission line fluxes varied significantly, going through three large maxima and three deep minima. The great majority of all variations were well resolved in time. The data lend qualitative support to the view that photoionization by the nuclear continuum is responsible for driving the emission lines
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| 4. |
- Chulkov, L. V., et al.
(författare)
-
Large spin alignment of the unbound He-5 fragment after fragmentation of 240 MeV/nucleon He-6
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 79:2, s. 201-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peripheral fragmentation of a 240 MeV/nucleon beam of the halo nucleus He-6 incident on carbon target has been studied in a kinematically complete experiment. It is found that one-neutron stripping to the unbound nucleus He-5 is the dominant fragmentation mechanism and that it leads to a spin alignment of He-5 in a plane perpendicular to the He-5 momentum vector. This is expected to be a common feature for all neutron halo nuclei.
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| 5. |
- Van, den Berg M, et al.
(författare)
-
Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife
- 1998
-
Ingår i: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES. - : US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE. ; 106:12, s. 775-792
-
Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An expert meeting was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and held in Stockholm on 15-18 June 1997. The objective of this meeting was to derive consensus toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and diben
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Malmsten, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Adsorption of apolipoprotein B at phospholipid model surfaces
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 172, s. 485-493
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of apolipoprotein B (Apo B) at a series of surfaces was investigated with in situ ellipsometry. For silica and methylated silica, the adsorbed amount (G), the adsorbed layer thickness (del) and the mean adsorbed layer refractive index (nf) were obtained by a procedure involving studies of the bare substrate at two different ambient refractive indices, as well as four-zone averaging. The adsorbed amount of Apo B is much higher at silica than at methylated silica. Despite this, the adsorbed layer thickness is the same at the two surfaces, and the adsorbed layer formation proceeds similarly. In both cases, the adsorbed layer formation occurs through the adsorption of Apo B molecules in an essentially random orientation, the difference between silica and methylated silica being the number of molecules adsorbed per unit area. Furthermore, the adsorption of Apo B at phospholipid surfaces was investigated. It was found that the adsorption at phosphatidylcholine (PC) was quite limited, whereas that at phosphatidic acid (PA) was substantial. Studies with mixed PA/PC layers showed that the Apo B adsorption depends on the mixed phospholipid layer composition in an essentially linear fashion. Finally, mixed phospholipid layers of PC and ganglioside GM1, as well as phosphatidylinositol (PI) layers, showed a dramatic preferential adsorption of Apo B over, e. g. human serum albumin (HSA), IgG, fibronectin and fibrinogen.
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| 8. |
- Wanders, I., et al.
(författare)
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Seeing and aperture effects on [O III]-based flux calibration of AGN spectra. NGC 3516 : a case study
- 1992
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 266:1, s. 72-7676
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In variability studies of the broad emission lines in the spectra of active galactic nuclei, the narrow emission lines are generally used to flux calibrate spectra taken at different epochs to each other. In objects where the narrow-line region is resolved, seeing affects the ratio of narrow-line flux to broad-line and continuum flux entering the aperture since the broad-line region and the continuum source are unresolved. Thus observing under different seeing conditions introduces artificial correlated variations of the continuum and broad-line fluxes if one assumes the narrow lines to be constant in flux. The authors show that one can correct for this effect by simulating seeing variations using a narrow-band [O III] image, taken in good seeing conditions, of the nearby Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3516, in which the narrow-line region is clearly resolved and extends over more than 20". They also show that centring the aperture on the object consistently is very important and miscentring is also a source of artificial variability of the broad-line and continuum fluxes
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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