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| 2. |
- Araújo, Susana, et al.
(författare)
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Lexical and sublexical orthographic processing: An ERP study with skilled and dyslexic adult readers.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Brain and Language. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2155 .- 0093-934X. ; 141, s. 16-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This ERP study investigated the cognitive nature of the P1-N1 components during orthographic processing. We used an implicit reading task with various types of stimuli involving different amounts of sublexical or lexical orthographic processing (words, pseudohomophones, pseudowords, nonwords, and symbols), and tested average and dyslexic readers. An orthographic regularity effect (pseudowords-nonwords contrast) was observed in the average but not in the dyslexic group. This suggests an early sensitivity to the dependencies among letters in word-forms that reflect orthographic structure, while the dyslexic brain apparently fails to be appropriately sensitive to these complex features. Moreover, in the adults the N1-response may already reflect lexical access: (i) the N1 was sensitive to the familiar vs. less familiar orthographic sequence contrast; (ii) and early effects of the phonological form (words-pseudohomophones contrast) were also found. Finally, the later N320 component was attenuated in the dyslexics, suggesting suboptimal processing in later stages of phonological analysis.
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| 3. |
- Asghar, Naveed, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Local landscape effects on population dynamics of Ixodes ricinus
- 2016
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Ingår i: Geospatial health. - : Page Press Publications. - 1827-1987 .- 1970-7096. ; 11:3, s. 283-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ixodes ricinus, a common tick in Europe, transmits severe tickborne pathogens (TBPs). In Sweden, both prevalence and incidence of tick-borne infections have increased during the last few decades, and a majority of the cases is reported from the area around Stockholm. Among ticks, transmission of TBPs involves co-feeding of susceptible larvae or nymphs with infected ticks on the same host. Seasonal synchrony of immature stages and total tick abundance are important factors for the probability of horizontal transmission of TBPs. We have studied the association between local landscape characteristics and population dynamics and the probability of co-occurrence of different life cycle stages of I. ricinus at different locations south of Stockholm, Sweden. We found significant spatiotemporal variation in tick activity patterns. Mean tick abundance varied with a tenfold difference among study sites. The probability of co-occurrence of larvae, nymphs and female adults was highest in June and decreased significantly with vegetation height. In addition, the amount of forest habitat and open water in the surrounding landscape of the study sites expressed significant negative effects on tick abundance and co-occurrence, indicating that environmental heterogeneity may increase the likelihood of good rodent habitats, which in turn, are suitable hosts for immature ticks.
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| 7. |
- Dahlstedt, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Governing suburban youth : discourses on suburbs, parents and other subjects in multi-ethnic Sweden
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper focuses on current debates on youth in deprived suburbs in Sweden. In the article, interviews withrepresentatives of different organisations involved in managing the situation of suburban youth are analysed. One recurring theme in the interviews is problem discourses representing the parent as a problem. Departing from Foucault´s understanding of governmentality, we analyse the construction of problems, problematization, and solutions, as depicted by the interviewees. The main problematizations are the deficiency of urban space, dysfunctional family relations and parents as passive and culturally different. On the basis of such problematizations the interviewees propose solutions in various ways fostering the parents to become responsible and active subjects, who have internalised current norms and values. In the article, these problematizations are set in genealogical perspective, through relating them to other historical discourses: namely the Philanthropic discourse of poor relief and the policing of families during the late 19th century and the discourse of problematic suburban youth in the 1980s. These different historical situations illustrate both similarities and differences in the problematizations of the early 2000s. With adopting this genealogical approach we do not claim that history repeats itself unchanged, but rather we wish to investigate how historical discourses are re-‐activated and acquire new meanings in new historical epochs. An important conclusion in the article is that the way of developing solutions to the problems of suburban youth in the early 2000s tends to focus on the transformation of individual parents, while structural dimensions get out of focus. What appears is a desire to foster parents and thus to produce a certain kind of subject, namely an active, responsible and cooperative individual, involved in the local community. Such a desire isboth similar and different from the desire found in the late 19th Century and in the 1980s.
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| 8. |
- Dahlstedt, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Governing suburban youth : discourses on suburbs, parents and other subjects in multi-ethnic Sweden
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper focuses on current debates on youth in deprived suburbs in Sweden. In the article, interviews withrepresentatives of different organisations involved in managing the situation of suburban youth are analysed. One recurring theme in the interviews is problem discourses representing the parent as a problem. Departing from Foucault´s understanding of governmentality, we analyse the construction of problems, problematization, and solutions, as depicted by the interviewees. The main problematizations are the deficiency of urban space, dysfunctional family relations and parents as passive and culturally different. On the basis of such problematizations the interviewees propose solutions in various ways fostering the parents to become responsible and active subjects, who have internalised current norms and values. In the article, these problematizations are set in genealogical perspective, through relating them to other historical discourses: namely the Philanthropic discourse of poor relief and the policing of families during the late 19th century and the discourse of problematic suburban youth in the 1980s. These different historical situations illustrate both similarities and differences in the problematizations of the early 2000s. With adopting this genealogical approach we do not claim that history repeats itself unchanged, but rather we wish to investigate how historical discourses are re-‐activated and acquire new meanings in new historical epochs. An important conclusion in the article is that the way of developing solutions to the problems of suburban youth in the early 2000s tends to focus on the transformation of individual parents, while structural dimensions get out of focus. What appears is a desire to foster parents and thus to produce a certain kind of subject, namely an active, responsible and cooperative individual, involved in the local community. Such a desire isboth similar and different from the desire found in the late 19th Century and in the 1980s.
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| 9. |
- Dahlstedt, Magnus, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Sammanhållningens genealogi – viljan att ordna
- 2018
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Ingår i: Förortsdrömmar. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789176853542 ; , s. 201-221
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta kapitel handlar om just viljan att förebygga konflikter och att skapa gemenskap och sammanhållning och hur denna vilja har gestaltats i olika tider. Dagens debatt om utanförskapets problem och de olika interventioner som följer i dess spår har påfallande likheter med debatten om den ”sociala frågan”, som den fördes under det sena 1800-talet. Den sociala frågan, nu som då, handlar om hur alla människor ska fås med på resan in i det framtida välfärdssamhället – där en rad interventioner riktas mot de delar av befolkningen och de geografiska områden som fallit utanför samhällsgemenskapen (Petersson m.fl. 2015). Utifrån en genealogisk belysning ägnar vi oss i kapitlet åt att spåra den samtida förståelsen av utanförskapets problem, med särskilt fokus på hur det relateras till städernas mångetniska periferier, bakåt i tiden, närmare bestämt till den senare delen av 1800-talet och just debatten om ”den sociala frågan”.Kapitlet är upplagt enligt följande: Inledningsvis redogör vi för huvudlinjerna i en genealogisk ansats, där vi argumenterar för värdet av att göra en genealogisk spårning, för att åskådliggöra hur samtida problembilder knyter an till skilda historiska praktiker. Därefter presenteras i tur och ordning de historiska praktiker som bildar en historisk fond för samtida förståelser av det så kallade utanförskapsproblemet; det tidiga 1800-talets kristna filantropi; det sena 1700-talets husförhör; det sena 1800-talets räddningsprojekt i form av Frälsningsarmén samt idén om det lokala samhällets Gemeinschaft. Efter denna genomgång närmar vi oss samtiden med fokus på återkomsten av dessa historiska praktiker som kan skönjas i form av nutida strävanden efter mobilisering av lokala krafter och uppslutning bakom gemensamma värden. Detta som uttryck för en gemensam vilja att skapa sammanhållning och ordning i en tid av hot, splittring och osäkerhet.
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| 10. |
- Dustler, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Application of the fractal Perlin noise algorithm for the generation of simulated breast tissue
- 2015
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Ingår i: Medical Imaging 2015: Physics of Medical Imaging. - : SPIE. - 1996-756X .- 0277-786X. ; 9412, s. 94123-94123
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software breast phantoms are increasingly seeing use in preclinical validation of breast image acquisition systems and image analysis methods. Phantom realism has been proven sufficient for numerous specific validation tasks. A challenge is the generation of suitably realistic small-scale breast structures that could further improve the quality of phantom images. Power law noise follows the noise power characteristics of breast tissue, but may not sufficiently represent certain (e.g., non-Gaussian) properties seen in clinical breast images. The purpose of this work was to investigate the utility of fractal Perlin noise in generating more realistic breast tissue through investigation of its power spectrum and visual characteristics. Perlin noise is an algorithm that creates smoothly varying random structures of an arbitrary frequency. Through the use of a technique known as fractal noise or fractional Brownian motion (fBm), octaves of noise with different frequency are combined to generate coherent noise with a broad frequency range. fBm is controlled by two parameters - lacunarity and persistence - related to the frequency and amplitude of successive octaves, respectively. Average noise power spectra were calculated and beta parameters estimated in sample volumes of fractal Perlin noise with different combinations of lacunarity and persistence. Certain combinations of parameters resulted in noise volumes with beta values between 2 and 3, corresponding to reported measurements in real breast tissue. Different combinations of parameters resulted in different visual appearances. In conclusion, Perlin noise offers a flexible tool for generating breast tissue with realistic properties.
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