| 1. |
- Lind, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
-
Punctuality as performance metrics for efficient transportation systems
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 21st World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, ITSWC 2014. - : Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transportation systems are ecosystems building on a high degree of co-production of value performed by multiple actors. In order to guide involved actors and ensure expected performance it becomes necessary to have an agreed performance metrics. Beside operational capacity for the transportation systems as such it is believed that punctuality as a performance metrics would be a solid base enabling different actors to take appropriate actions in planning, realizing, and evaluating their actions in relation to the expectations among involved actors (including beneficiaries) of the transportation system. In this paper, underlying mechanisms for punctuality are explored as the basis for an efficient transportation system.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten : Resurs- och miljööversikt 2012
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är den nionde utgåvan av den samlade översikten över fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. Kunskap om fiskbestånden och miljön är en förutsättning för att utnyttjandet av fiskresurserna skall bli bärkraftigt. För svenska vattenområden beskrivs miljöutvecklingen i ett ekosystemsperspektiv, dels för att tydliggöra fiskens ekologiska roll och beskriva yttre miljöfaktorer som påverkar fiskbestånden, dels för att belysa fiskets effekter på miljön.Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten. Rapporten sammanfattar utveckling och beståndsstatus för de kommersiellt viktigaste fisk- och kräftdjursarterna i våra vatten. Bedömningar och förvaltningsråd är baserade på Internationella Havsforskningsrådets (ICES) rådgivning, SLU Aquas nationella och regionala provfiskedata, samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
|
|
| 3. |
- Haileselassie, Yeneneh, et al.
(författare)
-
Lactobacilli Regulate Staphylococcus aureus 161:2-Induced Pro-Inflammatory T-Cell Responses In Vitro
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There seems to be a correlation between early gut microbiota composition and postnatal immune development. Alteration in the microbial composition early in life has been associated with immune mediated diseases, such as autoimmunity and allergy. We have previously observed associations between the presence of lactobacilli and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus in the early-life gut microbiota, cytokine responses and allergy development in children. Consistent with the objective to understand how bacteria modulate the cytokine response of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) lines and immune cells, we exposed IEC lines (HT29, SW480) to UV-killed bacteria and/or culture supernatants (-sn) from seven Lactobacillus strains and three S. aureus strains, while peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) from healthy donors were stimulated by bacteria-sn or with bacteria conditioned IEC-sn. Although the overall IEC response to bacterial exposure was characterized by limited sets of cytokine and chemokine production, S. aureus 161: 2-sn induced an inflammatory response in the IEC, characterized by CXCL1/GROa and CXCL8/IL-8 production, partly in a MyD88-dependent manner. UV-killed bacteria did not induce a response in the IEC line, and a combination of both UV-killed bacteria and the bacteria-sn had no additive effect to that of the supernatant alone. In PBMC, most of the Lactobacillus-sn and S. aureus-sn strains were able to induce a wide array of cytokines, but only S. aureus-sn induced the T-cell associated cytokines IL-2, IL-17 and IFN-gamma, independently of IEC-produced factors, and induced up regulation of CTLA-4 expression and IL-10 production by T-regulatory cells. Notably, S. aureus-sn-induced T-cell production of IFN-gamma and IL-17 was down regulated by the simultaneous presence of any of the different Lactobacillus strains, while the IEC CXCL8/IL-8 response was unaltered. Thus these studies present a possible role for lactobacilli in induction of immune cell regulation, although the mechanisms need to be further elucidated.
|
|
| 4. |
- Handlin, Linda
(författare)
-
Human-Human and Human-Animal Interaction : Some Common Physiological and Psychological Effects
- 2010
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the present thesis was to investigate hormonal and physiological effects in mothers during a breastfeeding session and in dogs and their owners in response to short-term interaction. In study one, sixty-six mothers receiving either exogenous oxytocin infusion and/or epidural analgesia (EDA) during labor or intramuscular oxytocin injection post partum were studied. Oxytocin, prolactin, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels, as well as blood pressure were measured during a breastfeeding session two days after birth. In response to breastfeeding two days after birth, the mothers displayed a pulsatile release of oxytocin and increasing prolactin levels. In addition, the activity in the HPA-axis was reduced and maternal blood pressure decreased. The results also show that EDA administration in combination with oxytocin during labor resulted insignificantly lower oxytocin levels and higher cortisol levels, as well as higher bloodpressure in response to breastfeeding two days after birth, compared to EDA administration alone. In addition, oxytocin infusions dose-dependently lowered the mothers’ endogenous oxytocin levels two days after birth. In study two, ten female dog owners and their male Labrador dogs participated, together with ten controls. Their levels of oxytocin, cortisol and insulin, as well as their heart rate, were measured. The connection between the quality of the dogowner relationship and hormone levels was also explored. Short-term interaction between dogs and their owners resulted in oxytocin release in both species and their cortisol levels and heart rate were also affected. Oxytocin levels and positive attitudes regarding the dog-owner relationship were positively correlated. In conclusion, both human-human and human-animal interactions induce oxytocin release and promote oxytocin mediated effects, such as decreasing cortisol levels and blood pressure. In addition, social interaction and oxytocin levels arepositively related.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Petersson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
-
Integrated acoustic sample preparation for rapid sepsis diagnostics
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 18th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2014. - 9781634396974 - 9780979806476 ; , s. 294-296
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel, integrated microfluidic system based on acoustophoretic cell-handling that detects bacteria in whole blood in less than 2 hours, substantially faster than current standard methods for detection of sepsis-causing bacteria. Bacteria are acoustically separated from 1 ml blood, enriched by acoustic trapping and finally detected using a dry-reagent PCR-chip.
|
|
| 7. |
- Petersson, Mikael
(författare)
-
Asymptotic Expansions for Perturbed Discrete Time Renewal Equations
- 2013
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis we study the asymptotic behaviour of the solution of a discrete time renewal equation depending on a small perturbation parameter. In particular, we construct asymptotic expansions for the solution of the renewal equation and related quantities. The results are applied to studies of quasi-stationary phenomena for regenerative processes and asymptotics of ruin probabilities for a discrete time analogue of the Cramér-Lundberg risk model.
|
|
| 8. |
- Petersson, Mikael, 1984-
(författare)
-
Asymptotics of Ruin Probabilities for Perturbed Discrete Time Risk Processes
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Modern Problems in Insurance Mathematics. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319066523 - 9783319066530 ; , s. 95-112
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the problem of approximating the infinite time horizon ruin probabilities for discrete time risk processes. The approach is based on asymptotic results for non-linearly perturbed discrete time renewal equations. Under some moment conditions on the claim distributions, the approximations take the form of exponential asymptotic expansions with respect to the perturbation parameter. We show explicitly how the coefficients of these expansions can be computed as functions of the coefficients of the expansions of local characteristics for perturbed risk processes.
|
|
| 9. |
- Petersson, Mikael
(författare)
-
Quasi-Stationary Distributions for Perturbed Discrete Time Regenerative Processes
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics. - 0094-9000. ; :89, s. 153-168
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-linearly perturbed discrete time regenerative processes with regenerative stopping times are considered. We define the quasi-stationary distributions for such processes and present conditions for their convergence. Under some additional assumptions, the quasi-stationary distributions can be expanded in asymptotic power series with respect to the perturbation parameter. We give an explicit recurrence algorithm for calculating the coefficients in these asymptotic expansions. Applications to perturbed alternating regenerative processes with absorption and perturbed risk processes are presented.
|
|
| 10. |
- Silvestrov, Dmitrii, et al.
(författare)
-
Exponential Expansions for Perturbed Discrete Time Renewal Equations
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Applied Reliability Engineering and Risk Analysis. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 9781118539422 - 9781118701881 ; , s. 349-362
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter presents results about the asymptotic behavior of the solution x(φ)(n) of a perturbed discrete time renewal equation as φ--> 0 and n-->? simultaneously. It consider two cases of so-called quasi-stationary and pseudo-stationary asymptotics, where the limiting distribution f (0)(k) may be, respectively, improper or proper. The author improves the asymptotic relation to the much more advanced form of an exponential asymptotic expansion. The chapter illustrates theoretical results by examples related to queuing systems and risk processes. It briefly shows the way of getting the renewal equation. It repeats the method of finding a similar continuous time renewal equation for ruin probabilities, given, for example in Feller (1966) and Grandell (1991).
|
|
