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- Pegourie, B., et al.
(författare)
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Deuterium inventory in Tore Supra : Coupled carbon-deuterium balance
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3115 .- 1873-4820. ; 438:Suppl., s. S120-S125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an analysis of the carbon-deuterium circulation and the resulting balance in Tore Supra over the period 2002-2007. Carbon balance combines the estimation of carbon gross erosion from spectroscopy, net erosion and deposition using confocal microscopy, lock-in thermography and SEM, and a measure of the amount of deposits collected in the vacuum chamber. Fuel retention is determined from post-mortem (PM) analyses and gas balance (GB) measurements. Special attention was paid to the deuterium outgassed during the nights and weekends of the experimental campaign (vessel under vacuum, Plasma Facing Components at 120 degrees C) and during vents (vessel at atmospheric pressure, PFCs at room temperature). It is shown that this outgassing is the main process reconciling the PM and GB estimations of fuel retention, closing the coupled carbon-deuterium balance. In particular, it explains why the deuterium concentration in deposits decreases with increasing depth.
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| 2. |
- Sandeman, S., et al.
(författare)
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Characterising Nanoporous Carbon Adsorbents for Biological Application to Chronic Kidney Disease
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 2157-9083 .- 2157-9091. ; 2:1, s. 40-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study characterises a range of advanced MAST carbons derived from pyrolysed porous phenolic resins for use in biological applications, considering how the porosity of the carbons impacts both the methods used to assess potential cytotoxicity and the removal of biological molecules relevant to kidney disease. The large surface area and pore volume available for adsorption make both the microporous and the mesoporous MAST carbons suitable for creatinine removal but not for removal of the small but highly water soluble urea. However, only the highly adsorbent MAST carbons with meso- and macroporosity were able to remove the high molecular weight inflammatory cytokine IL-6. It is the adsorption of the larger biological toxins, represented by IL-6 in this study and not removed by purely microporous carbons or in current haemodialysis therapy, which could most significantly contribute to the augmentation of current haemoperfusion therapy.
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| 5. |
- Hakola, A., et al.
(författare)
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Global migration of impurities in tokamaks
- 2013
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0741-3335 .- 1361-6587. ; 55:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The migration of impurities in tokamaks has been studied with the help of tracer-injection (C-13 and N-15) experiments in JET and ASDEX Upgrade since 2001. We have identified a common pattern for the migrating particles: scrape-off layer flows drive impurities from the low-field side towards the high-field side of the vessel. Migration is also sensitive to the density and magnetic configuration of the plasma, and strong local variations in the resulting deposition patterns require 3D treatment of the migration process. Moreover, re-erosion of the deposited particles has to be taken into account to properly describe the migration process during steady-state operation of the tokamak.
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| 10. |
- Kok, A., et al.
(författare)
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Silicon sensors with pyramidal structures for neutron imaging
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 9, s. C04011-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutron detection is a valuable tool in nuclear science research, homeland security, quality assurance in nuclear plants and medical applications. Recent developments and near future instrumentations in neutron imaging have a need for sensors with high spatial resolution, dynamic range, sensitivity and background discrimination. Silicon based neutron detectors can potentially fulfil these requirements. In this work, pad and pixel detectors with pyramidal micro-structures have been successfully fabricated that should have an improved detection efficiency when compared to conventional planar devices. Titanium di-boride (TiB2) and lithium fluoride (LiF) were deposited as the neutron converters. Excellent electrical performances were measured on both simple pad and pixel detectors. A selection of pad detectors was examined by alpha spectroscopy. Measurement with thermal neutrons from a 241Am-Be source shows an improvement in relative efficiency of up to 38% when compared to conventional planar devices.
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