| 1. |
- Steffen, Karin, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
-
Oceanographic setting influences the prokaryotic community and metabolome in deep-sea sponges
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE RESEARCH. - 2045-2322. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) are leading organisms for the discovery of bioactive compounds from nature. Their often rich and species-specific microbiota is hypothesised to be producing many of these compounds. Yet, environmental influences on the sponge-associated microbiota and bioactive compound production remain elusive. Here, we investigated the changes of microbiota and metabolomes in sponges along a depth range of 1232 m. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics, we assessed prokaryotic and chemical diversities in three deep-sea sponge species: Geodia barretti, Stryphnus fortis, and Weberella bursa. Both prokaryotic communities and metabolome varied significantly with depth, which we hypothesized to be the effect of different water masses. Up to 35.5 % of microbial ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) showed significant changes with depth while phylum-level composition of host microbiome remained unchanged. The metabolome varied with depth, with relative quantities of known bioactive compounds increasing or decreasing strongly. Other metabolites varying with depth were compatible solutes regulating osmolarity of the cells. Correlations between prokaryotic community and the bioactive compounds in G. barretti suggested members of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, or an unclassified prokaryote as potential producers.
|
|
| 2. |
- Stenholm, Åke, et al.
(författare)
-
Removal of nonylphenol polyethoxylates by adsorption on polyurethane foam and biodegradation using immobilized Trametes versicolor
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 724
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs) are banned in EU due to their endocrine disrupting properties. In a proof of concept study including continuous reactor lab-scale experiments, polyurethane foam (PUF)-immobilized Trametes versicolor was used to reduce the concentration levels of these compounds in an acidic nutrient solution over an 18-day period. Biodegradation and adsorption were identified as the major removal principles. A 90% removal was achieved by solely biodegradation in an experimental setup in which steady state conditions occurred, including NPEO-saturated glass and PUF surfaces. Biotransformation products containing mono- and di-ethoxylated nonylphenol, nonylphenol (NP1EO, NP2EO, NP) and nonylphenol polyethoxy carboxylates (NPECs) were tentatively identified.The maximum static NPEO adsorption capacity of PUF (determined with Erlenmeyer flask experiment) was calculated to 106 mg g−1, and the adsorption was described by the Langmuir isotherm equation. The corresponding maximum dynamic adsorption capacity (determined by continuous reactor experiment) was 100 mg g−1. These findings show that PUF is an excellent adsorbent to NPEOs. Therefore, PUF can either be used as a stand-alone adsorbent to NPEOs or as an immobilizing agent for Trametes versicolor through which a highly efficient biodegradation of these potentially harmful compounds can be achieved. The findings can be of importance in the search for alternative methods to remove NPEOs in process effluents.
|
|
