| 1. |
- Engström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Modulärt batteribytessystem för arbetsmaskiner – slutrapport
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modular battery swap system for work machinesThe project has developed and demonstrated how a modular battery swap system can be used in electric work machines in various industries. The purpose of the project was to demonstrate innovative technology where battery swap technology enables battery-powered machines in agriculture and forestry. The project has completed the following:1. Designed and built a modular battery pack for work machines2. Designed and built an automatic battery swap station3. Completed a prototype for an autonomous electric agricultural machine4. Electrically converted a machine for forestryWe have succeeded in creating a working battery swap concept. The concept has been shown at several different demo events. The project has received a lot of positive publicity in the media. The project creates opportunities to run work machines in agriculture and forestry without the batteries needing to be unnecessarily large, heavy and expensive to carry with the machine in the field.Building electrified work machines is not a big deal. What is new in this project is that we demonstrate a battery replacement system for work machines - that works in real life!The project group has worked hard together for two years and achieved brilliant results that we are very pleased with. As expected, it took some time to agree on a concept for the common component battery pack, but once it was set, work took off.In the project, we have built seven battery packs, two electric work machines and a battery swap station including electrical system, control system and other adaptations. This would not have been possible without a dedicated and very talented project group!
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| 2. |
- Ahlström, Johan, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Economic potential for substitution of fossil fuels with liquefied biomethane in Swedish iron and steel industry – Synergy and competition with other sectors
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0196-8904 .- 1879-2227. ; 209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, the iron and steel industry (ISI) is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Most of the emissions result from the use of fossil reducing agents. Nevertheless, the use of fossil fuels for other purposes must also be eliminated in order to reach the Swedish emissions reduction targets. In this study, we investigate the possibility to replace fossil gaseous and liquid fuels used for heating in the ISI, with liquefied biomethane (LBG) produced through gasification of forest residues. We hypothesize that such utilization of fuels in the Swedish ISI is insufficient to independently drive the development of large-scale LBG production, and that other sectors demanding LBG, e.g., for transportation, can be expected to influence the economic potential for the ISI to switch to LBG. The paper investigates how demand for LBG from other sectors can contribute to, or prevent, a phase-out of fossil fuels used for heating purposes in the ISI under different future energy market scenarios, with additional analysis of the impact of a CO2 emissions charge. A geographically explicit cost-minimizing biofuel production localization model is combined with heat integration and energy market scenario analysis. The results show that from a set of possible future energy market scenarios, none yielded more than a 9% replacement of fossil fuels used for heating purposes in the ISI, and only when there was also a demand for LBG from other sectors. The scenarios corresponding to a more ambitious GHG mitigation policy did not achieve higher adoption of LBG, due to corresponding higher biomass prices. A CO2 charge exceeding 200 EUR/tonCO2 would be required to achieve a full phase-out of fossil fuels used for heating purposes in the ISI. We conclude that with the current policy situation, substitution of fossil fuels by LBG will not be economically feasible for the Swedish ISI.
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| 3. |
- Barthoma, Soner, et al.
(författare)
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Reception Policies, Practices and Responses : Sweden Country Report
- 2020
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report explores reception policies, practices and humanitarian responses to the current refugee crisis in Sweden, focusing on the aftermath of 2015 unprecedented refugee migration, and also providing a brief historical perspective. Sweden has been known as one of the most generous countries in terms of welcoming refugees and providing an easy path to citizenship but its migration and reception policy has taken a ‘restrictive turn’ in recent years. The refugee crisis in 2015 has not only opened the window for ‘a major policy shift’ and ‘historical’ legislative changes to the Swedish migration and reception policy but also impacted the social, economic and political sphere instigating anti-immigrant sentiments.
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| 4. |
- Bergemalm, Daniel, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic Inflammation in Preclinical Ulcerative Colitis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Gastroenterology. - : AGA Institute. - 0016-5085 .- 1528-0012. ; 161:5, s. 1526-1539.e9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & Aims: Preclinical ulcerative colitis is poorly defined. We aimed to characterize the preclinical systemic inflammation in ulcerative colitis, using a comprehensive set of proteins.Methods: We obtained plasma samples biobanked from individuals who developed ulcerative colitis later in life (n = 72) and matched healthy controls (n = 140) within a population-based screening cohort. We measured 92 proteins related to inflammation using a proximity extension assay. The biologic relevance of these findings was validated in an inception cohort of patients with ulcerative colitis (n = 101) and healthy controls (n = 50). To examine the influence of genetic and environmental factors on these markers, a cohort of healthy twin siblings of patients with ulcerative colitis (n = 41) and matched healthy controls (n = 37) were explored.Results: Six proteins (MMP10, CXCL9, CCL11, SLAMF1, CXCL11 and MCP-1) were up-regulated (P < .05) in preclinical ulcerative colitis compared with controls based on both univariate and multivariable models. Ingenuity Pathway Analyses identified several potential key regulators, including interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor, interferon-gamma, oncostatin M, nuclear factor-κB, interleukin-6, and interleukin-4. For validation, we built a multivariable model to predict disease in the inception cohort. The model discriminated treatment-naïve patients with ulcerative colitis from controls with leave-one-out cross-validation (area under the curve = 0.92). Consistently, MMP10, CXCL9, CXCL11, and MCP-1, but not CCL11 and SLAMF1, were significantly up-regulated among the healthy twin siblings, even though their relative abundances seemed higher in incident ulcerative colitis.Conclusions: A set of inflammatory proteins are up-regulated several years before a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. These proteins were highly predictive of an ulcerative colitis diagnosis, and some seemed to be up-regulated already at exposure to genetic and environmental risk factors.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Braide, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Salvage radiation therapy in prostate cancer: relationship between rectal dose and long-term, self-reported rectal bleeding
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical & Translational Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1699-048X .- 1699-3055. ; 23:2, s. 397-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To quantify the relationship between the rectal dose distribution and the prevalence of self-reported rectal bleeding among men treated with salvage radiotherapy (ST) delivered by three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for prostate cancer. To use this relationship to estimate the risk of rectal bleeding for a contemporary cohort of patients treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) ST. Methods and patients Rectal bleeding of any grade was reported by 56 (22%) of 255 men in a PROM-survey at a median follow-up of 6.7 years after 3DCRT ST. Treatment plan data were extracted and dose-response relationships for the rectal volumes receiving at least 35 Gy (V-35Gy) or 63 Gy (V-63Gy) were calculated with logistic regression. These relationships were used to estimate the risk of rectal bleeding for a cohort of 253 patients treated with VMAT ST. Results In the dose-response analysis of patients in the 3DCRT ST cohort, both rectal V(35Gy)and V(63Gy)were statistically significant parameters in univariable analysis (p = 0.005 and 0.003, respectively). For the dose-response models using either rectal V(35Gy)or V-63Gy, the average calculated risk of rectal bleeding was 14% among men treated with VMAT ST compared to a reported prevalence of 22% for men treated with 3DCRT ST. Conclusions We identified dose-response relationships between the rectal dose distribution and the risk of self-reported rectal bleeding of any grade in a long-term perspective for men treated with 3DCRT ST. Furthermore, VMAT ST may have the potential to decrease the prevalence of late rectal bleeding.
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| 7. |
- Granestrand, Jonas, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of the impact of trace elements in FAME biodiesel on diesel oxidation catalyst activity after full lifetime of operation in a heavy-duty truck
- 2024
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0926-3373 .- 1873-3883.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- FAME biodiesel contains some trace amounts of Na, K, P, Ca and Mg. A diesel oxidation catalyst that had been used for an entire regulatory lifetime in a heavy-duty truck was studied, to investigate whether the presence of such trace elements poisons the catalyst. The vehicle-aged catalyst contained high loadings of S, P and Na, as well as a visible layer of soot. Activity in the NO oxidation reaction was severely decreased compared to a fresh catalyst of the same type, while the CO and C3H6 oxidation reactions were less affected. Activity testing after subsequent selective trace element removal procedures was used to decouple the effect of different poisons. Sintering was observed to be the main cause of catalyst deactivation. Of the trace elements present on the catalyst, P had the largest effect on catalyst activity, while the other trace elements had little effect.
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| 8. |
- Granestrand, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of the Impact of Trace Elements in FAME Biodiesel on Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Activity after Full Lifetime of Operation in A Heavy-Duty Truck
- 2020
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Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 10:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) biodiesel contains some trace amounts of Na, K, P, Ca, and Mg. Our objective was to investigate whether the presence of such elements can poison a diesel oxidation catalyst that has been used for an entire regulatory lifetime in a heavy-duty truck fueled by FAME biodiesel. The investigated vehicle-aged catalyst contained high loadings of S, P, and Na, as well as a visible layer of soot. Activity in the NO oxidation reaction was severely decreased compared to a fresh catalyst of the same type, while the CO and C3H6 oxidation reactions were less affected. Subsequent selective trace element removal procedures, followed by activity tests, were used to decouple the effect of different poisons. Sintering was observed to be the main cause of catalyst deactivation. Of the trace elements present on the catalyst, P had the greatest effect on catalyst activity, while the other trace elements had little effect.
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| 9. |
- Granestrand, Jonas
(författare)
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Effects of trace elements in biodiesel on the performance of diesel oxidation catalysts in heavy-duty vehicles
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To reduce net greenhouse gas emissions, a shift towards adoption of biofuels is ongoing in the transport sector. Heavy-duty diesel vehicles are equipped with aftertreatment equipment, comprising of catalysts and filters, and how this equipment is affected by the use of biofuels is not yet fully understood. Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) biodiesel may contain high loadings of different trace elements stemming either from the biomass used as raw material, or from the production process. These trace elements could act as poisons that deactivate the aftertreatment catalysts.The objective of this work was to study how the diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) is affected by the presence of trace elements in FAME biodiesel. The DOC reduces emissions of CO and hydrocarbons, but furthermore, it generates NO2 from NO present in the exhaust, which is essential for downstream aftertreatment components to operate optimally. Because the DOC is located at the inlet of the aftertreatment system, it is subjected to high concentrations of trace elements, compared to downstream components.An investigation of a DOC that had been used for an entire lifetime in a vehicle operating on FAME biodiesel revealed that phosphorus appeared to have the largest effect on DOC activity, causing considerable deactivation in the NO oxidation reaction. Na and Ca, on the other hand, appeared to have little effect. The largest cause of deactivation was thermal aging, rather than poisoning by trace components.In-situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy studies of poisoned model catalysts showed a strong electronic interaction between P and catalytically active Pt/Pd particles during CO oxidation reaction conditions. In contrast, such effects were not observed for Na and K. Elemental mapping with Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) of scanning transmission electron micrographs showed that phosphorus was co-located with Pt-Pd, whereas Na and K, on the other hand, were evenly distributed throughout the Al2O3 washcoat support.
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| 10. |
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