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| 2. |
- Wakelam, V., et al.
(författare)
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A KINETIC DATABASE FOR ASTROCHEMISTRY (KIDA)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 199:1, s. 21-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel chemical database for gas-phase astrochemistry. Named the KInetic Database for Astrochemistry (KIDA), this database consists of gas-phase reactions with rate coefficients and uncertainties that will be vetted to the greatest extent possible. Submissions of measured and calculated rate coefficients are welcome, and will be studied by experts before inclusion into the database. Besides providing kinetic information for the interstellar medium, KIDA is planned to contain such data for planetary atmospheres and for circumstellar envelopes. Each year, a subset of the reactions in the database (kida.uva) will be provided as a network for the simulation of the chemistry of dense interstellar clouds with temperatures between 10 K and 300 K. We also provide a code, named Nahoon, to study the time-dependent gas-phase chemistry of zero-dimensional and one-dimensional interstellar sources.
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| 3. |
- Embree, Mildred C, et al.
(författare)
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Biglycan and Fibromodulin Have Essential Roles in Regulating Chondrogenesis and Extracellular Matrix Turnover in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis.
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Journal of Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-2191 .- 0002-9440. ; 176, s. 812-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The temporomandibular joint is critical for jaw movements and allows for mastication, digestion of food, and speech. Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that is marked by permanent cartilage destruction and loss of extracellular matrix (ECM). To understand how the ECM regulates mandibular condylar chondrocyte (MCC) differentiation and function, we used a genetic mouse model of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis that is deficient in two ECM proteins, biglycan and fibromodulin (Bgn(-/0) Fmod(-/-)). Given the unavailability of cell lines, we first isolated primary MCCs and found that they were phenotypically unique from hyaline articular chondrocytes isolated from the knee joint. Using Bgn(-/0) Fmod(-/-) MCCs, we discovered the early basis for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis arises from abnormal and accelerated chondrogenesis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 is a growth factor that is critical for chondrogenesis and binds to both biglycan and fibromodulin. Our studies revealed the sequestration of TGF-beta1 was decreased within the ECM of Bgn(-/0)Fmod(-/-) MCCs, leading to overactive TGF-beta1 signal transduction. Using an explant culture system, we found that overactive TGF-beta1 signals induced chondrogenesis and ECM turnover in this model. We demonstrated for the first time a comprehensive study revealing the importance of the ECM in maintaining the mandibular condylar cartilage integrity and identified biglycan and fibromodulin as novel key players in regulating chondrogenesis and ECM turnover during temoporomandibular joint osteoarthritis pathology.
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| 4. |
- Maganda, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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A fast and reliable reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of selected anti-retroviral and lumefantrine in human plasma
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography B-Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1570-0232. ; 919, s. 52-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A fast and reliable high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV diode array detection for simultaneous quantitative analysis of the anti-retroviral drugs, nevirapine (NVP) and efavirenz (EFV) and the anti-malarial, lumefantrine (LUM) in human plasma has been developed and validated. The sample preparation consisted of a plasma protein precipitation with 0.5% acetic acid acetonitrile solution containing the internal standard halofantrine (HALO) prior the LC-analysis. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Acclaim Polar Advantage C16, column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, particle size, 3 μm) using a gradient of mobile phase made of 0.01% TFA in 0.1 M ammonium acetate (solvent A) and 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile (solvent B). The separation of NVP, EFV, LUM and HALO was achieved within 17 min at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detections were initially performed at three wavelengths, 275 nm (NVP), 255 nm (EFV), and 300 nm (LUM). The method selectivity was demonstrated in six different human plasma batches. In addition, several concomitant drugs were analyzed under our experimental conditions and none of them co-eluted with EFV, NVP and LUM. This demonstrated that our method is highly selective. Calibration graphs plotted with seven concentrations in duplicate for each compound were linear between the selected ranges with a regression coefficient (R2) greater than 0.998. Absolute extraction recovery for NVP, EFV and LUM were 99%, 98.6 and 102%, respectively. Inter- and intra-day coefficients of variation for LUM, EFV and NVP were ≤10%. The lower limits of quantification were 0.125 μg/mL for LUM and 0.250 μg/mL for both EFV and NVP. Intra- and inter-assay relative standard deviation values were found to be less than 15% at the concentrations examined (0.125–10.0 μg/mL for LUM and 0.250–15.0 μg/mL for both EFV and NVP). The present method was successfully implemented in Tanzania and only one wavelength (255 nm) was used to measure samples of patients receiving either NVP or EFV in combination with LUM. The concentration found in human plasma samples for all three compounds were within the calibration range. This makes our method particularly applicable and useful to resource-limited settings.
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