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- Pritchard-Jones, K, et al.
(författare)
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The state of research into children with cancer across Europe : new policies for a new decade
- 2011
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Ingår i: ecancermedicalscience. - : Ecancer Global Foundation. - 1754-6605. ; 5, s. 210-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overcoming childhood cancers is critically dependent on the state of research. Understanding how, with whom and what the research community is doing with childhood cancers is essential for ensuring the evidence-based policies at national and European level to support children, their families and researchers. As part of the European Union funded EUROCANCERCOMS project to study and integrate cancer communications across Europe, we have carried out new research into the state of research in childhood cancers. We are very grateful for all the support we have received from colleagues in the European paediatric oncology community, and in particular from Edel Fitzgerald and Samira Essiaf from the SIOP Europe office. This report and the evidence-based policies that arise from it come at a important junction for Europe and its Member States. They provide a timely reminder that research into childhood cancers is critical and needs sustainable long-term support.
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- Buitenkamp, Trudy D., et al.
(författare)
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children with Down syndrome : a retrospective analysis from the Ponte di Legno study group
- 2014
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 123:1, s. 70-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of B-cell precursor (BCP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The prognostic factors and outcome of DS-ALL patients treated in contemporary protocols are uncertain. We studied 653 DS-ALL patients enrolled in 16 international trials from 1995 to 2004. Non-DS BCP-ALL patients from the Dutch Child Oncology Group and Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster were reference cohorts. DS-ALL patients had a higher 8-year cumulative incidence of relapse (26% +/- 2% vs 15% +/- 1%, P < .001) and 2-year treatment-related mortality (TRM) (7% +/- 1% vs 2.0% +/- < 1%, P < .0001) than non-DS patients, resulting in lower 8-year event-free survival (EFS) (64% +/- 2% vs 81% +/- 2%, P < .0001) and overall survival (74% +/- 2% vs 89% +/- 1%, P < .0001). Independent favorable prognostic factors include age <6 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58, P = .002), white blood cell (WBC) count <10 x 10(9)/L (HR = 0.60, P = .005), and ETV6-RUNX1 (HR = 0.14, P = .006) for EFS and age (HR = 0.48, P < .001), ETV6-RUNX1 (HR = 0.1, P = .016) and high hyperdiploidy (HeH) (HR = 0.29, P = .04) for relapse-free survival. TRM was the major cause of death in ETV6-RUNX1 and HeH DS-ALLs. Thus, while relapse is the main contributor to poorer survival in DS-ALL, infection-associated TRM was increased in all protocol elements, unrelated to treatment phase or regimen. Future strategies to improve outcome in DS-ALL should include improved supportive care throughout therapy and reduction of therapy in newly identified good-prognosis subgroups.
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- Boij, Susann, et al.
(författare)
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Reflection properties of a flow pipe with a small angle diffuser outlet
- 2010
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Ingår i: 17th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2010, ICSV 2010. - 9781617822551 ; , s. 706-712
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reflection of plane acoustic waves is studied for an open pipe termination where the outlet section about 10 cm long is a diffuser with a small angle. Diffuser angles up to 6o with a sharp outlet edge are considered both without and with a mean flow. The experiments are performed for Helmholtz numbers, He, based on the pipe diameter, up to 1.0 and mean flow Mach numbers, M, up to 0.25. A multi-microphone method is used for accurate measurements of the acoustic fields inside the pipe. With no mean flow, the reflection coefficient results are compared with the theories for thin walls by Levine and Schwinger [1] and for the end correction and thick walls by Ando [2], respectively. The data for the magnitude of the reflection coefficient for different pipe end geometries show that in the low frequency regime it is the outlet radius that determines the magnitude of the energy reflection coefficient. The same collapse in the data is not obtained for the end correction which is strongly affected by the pipe end geometry. Experimental results of the reflection coefficient in the presence of a mean flow show a similar behaviour as without flow. However, it is the Strouhal number of the outlet that governs the losses, i.e., radiation and flow losses. For a region of small Strouhal numbers, the reflection is larger than one, as predicted for straight pipes, [3, 4]. An increased diffuser angle and rounded edges both increase the reflection at the pipe termination in a critical range of Strouhal numbers, which indicates that the reflection coefficient is strongly dependent on the shape, half angle, and edge curvature of the pipe end in this region.
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| 9. |
- Nieuwoudt, Claudine, et al.
(författare)
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soil and Sediment from Industrial, Residential and Agricultural Areas in Central South Africa: An Initial Assessment
- 2011
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Ingår i: Soil and Sediment Contamination. - : Taylor and Francis. - 1532-0383 .- 1549-7887. ; 20:2, s. 188-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of global concern due to their ubiquitous presence, toxicity, and carcinogenicity. No data on PAHs in soils from South Africa have been published, even though it has the largest economy and industrial base in Africa. During this initial assessment, the levels of PAHs were determined in soils and sediments collected from central South Africa, specifically targeting industrial, residential, and agricultural areas. Analysis was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The total concentration of PAHs (Σt-PAH) ranged between 44 and 39,000 ng/g, dw and the concentration of carcinogenic PAHs (Σc-PAH) ranged between 19 and 19,000 ng/g, dw. Pyrogenic processes were the most likely sources, with minimal petrogenic contributions. PAH levels were in the same range as levels reported from other countries, and the majority of the sites did not exceed Canadian environmental quality guidelines. Based on assumptions for dermal contact and ingestion of PAH-contaminated soil, we provisionally calculated only a small increase in cancer risk, but additional PAH inhalation could add considerably to this risk. Our data indicates a need for more analysis in industrial and residential areas, and should include air.
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