A targeted proteomics approach reveals a serum protein signature as diagnostic biomarker for resectable gastric cancer

• Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer death. Early detection is a key factor to reduce its mortality. Methods: We retrospectively collected pre- and postoperative serum samples as well as tumour tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 100 GC patients. Serum samples from non-cancerous patients were served as controls (n = 50). A high-throughput protein detection technology, multiplex proximity extension assays (PEA), was applied to measure levels of over 300 proteins. Alteration of each protein was analysed by univariate analysis. Elastic-net logistic regression was performed to select serum proteins into the diagnostic model. Findings: We identified 19 serum proteins (CEACAM5, CA9, MSLN, CCL20, SCF, TGF-alpha, MMP-1, MMP-10, IGF-1, CDCPI, PPIA, DDAH-1, HMOX-1, FLI1, IL-7, ZBTB-17, APBB1IP, KAZALD-1, and ADAMTS-15) that together distinguish GC cases from controls with a diagnostic sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 100%, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-1). Moreover, the 19-serum protein signature pro-vided an increased diagnostic capacity in patients at TNMI-II stage (sensitivity 89%, specificity 100%, AUC 0.99) and in patients with high miaosatellite instability (MSI) (91%. 98%, and 0.99) compared to individual proteins. These promising results will inspire a large-scale independent cohort study to be pursued for validating the proposed protein signature. Interpretation: Based on targeted proteomics and elastic-net logistic regression, we identified a 19-serum protein signature which could contribute to clinical GC diagnosis, especially for patients at early stage and those with high MSI. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Immunologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Immunology in the medical area (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Gastric cancer

Diagnosis

Biomarker

PEA

Proteomics

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