| 1. |
- Blokland, G. A. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Sex-Dependent Shared and Nonshared Genetic Architecture Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 91:1, s. 102-117
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sex differences in incidence and/or presentation of schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP) are pervasive. Previous evidence for shared genetic risk and sex differences in brain abnormalities across disorders suggest possible shared sex-dependent genetic risk. Methods: We conducted the largest to date genome-wide genotype-by-sex (G×S) interaction of risk for these disorders using 85,735 cases (33,403 SCZ, 19,924 BIP, and 32,408 MDD) and 109,946 controls from the PGC (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) and iPSYCH. Results: Across disorders, genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphism–by-sex interaction was detected for a locus encompassing NKAIN2 (rs117780815, p = 3.2 × 10−8), which interacts with sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) enzymes, implicating neuronal excitability. Three additional loci showed evidence (p < 1 × 10−6) for cross-disorder G×S interaction (rs7302529, p = 1.6 × 10−7; rs73033497, p = 8.8 × 10−7; rs7914279, p = 6.4 × 10−7), implicating various functions. Gene-based analyses identified G×S interaction across disorders (p = 8.97 × 10−7) with transcriptional inhibitor SLTM. Most significant in SCZ was a MOCOS gene locus (rs11665282, p = 1.5 × 10−7), implicating vascular endothelial cells. Secondary analysis of the PGC-SCZ dataset detected an interaction (rs13265509, p = 1.1 × 10−7) in a locus containing IDO2, a kynurenine pathway enzyme with immunoregulatory functions implicated in SCZ, BIP, and MDD. Pathway enrichment analysis detected significant G×S interaction of genes regulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in MDD (false discovery rate-corrected p < .05). Conclusions: In the largest genome-wide G×S analysis of mood and psychotic disorders to date, there was substantial genetic overlap between the sexes. However, significant sex-dependent effects were enriched for genes related to neuronal development and immune and vascular functions across and within SCZ, BIP, and MDD at the variant, gene, and pathway levels. © 2021 Society of Biological Psychiatry
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Jia, X. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Investigating rare pathogenic/likely pathogenic exonic variation in bipolar disorder
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26:9, s. 5239-5250
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental illness with substantial common variant heritability. However, the role of rare coding variation in BD is not well established. We examined the protein-coding (exonic) sequences of 3,987 unrelated individuals with BD and 5,322 controls of predominantly European ancestry across four cohorts from the Bipolar Sequencing Consortium (BSC). We assessed the burden of rare, protein-altering, single nucleotide variants classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P-LP) both exome-wide and within several groups of genes with phenotypic or biologic plausibility in BD. While we observed an increased burden of rare coding P-LP variants within 165 genes identified as BD GWAS regions in 3,987 BD cases (meta-analysis OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.3-2.8, one-sided p = 6.0 x 10(-4)), this enrichment did not replicate in an additional 9,929 BD cases and 14,018 controls (OR = 0.9, one-side p = 0.70). Although BD shares common variant heritability with schizophrenia, in the BSC sample we did not observe a significant enrichment of P-LP variants in SCZ GWAS genes, in two classes of neuronal synaptic genes (RBFOX2 and FMRP) associated with SCZ or in loss-of-function intolerant genes. In this study, the largest analysis of exonic variation in BD, individuals with BD do not carry a replicable enrichment of rare P-LP variants across the exome or in any of several groups of genes with biologic plausibility. Moreover, despite a strong shared susceptibility between BD and SCZ through common genetic variation, we do not observe an association between BD risk and rare P-LP coding variants in genes known to modulate risk for SCZ.
|
|
| 4. |
- Purcell, Sarah A, et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of change in resting energy expenditure in patients with stage III/IV colorectal cancer.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614. ; 39:1, s. 134-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resting energy expenditure (REE) is variable in cancer and might be influenced by changes in tumor burden, systemic inflammation, and body composition. The objective of this study was to assess REE change and the predictors of such in patients with stage III or IV colorectal cancer.REE was measured via indirect calorimetry and fat mass and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry as part of a unique analysis of two studies. C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured as an inflammatory marker. Linear regression was used to assess the determinants of REE at baseline and REE change, with days between baseline and follow-up measures included as a covariate.One-hundred and nine patients were included at baseline (59.6% male; 67±12 years; body mass index 24.1±4.3kg/m2); 49 had follow-up data (61.2% male; 65±12 years; body mass index 25.4±4.3kg/m2), with median follow-up of 119 days (interquartile range: 113-127 days). At baseline, age, FFM, and CRP explained 68.9% of the variability in REE. A wide variability in REE change over time was observed, ranging from-156 to 370kcal/day, or-13.0 to 15.7%/100 days. CRP change (1.7±0.4mg/L, p<0.001) and stage (81.3±38.7, p=0.042) predicted REE change in multivariate analysis, controlling for age, FFM change, and days between visits (R2: 0.417±88.2, p<0.001).Age, FFM, and CRP predicted REE at a single time point. REE change was highly variable and explained by inflammation and stage. Future research should investigate the validity and feasibility of incorporating these measures into energy needs recommendations.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Goodman, Matthew O., et al.
(författare)
-
Causal Association Between Subtypes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 12:24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), experienced in 10% to 20% of the population, has been associated with cardiovascular disease and death. However, the condition is heterogeneous and is prevalent in individuals having short and long sleep duration. We sought to clarify the relationship between sleep duration subtypes of EDS with cardiovascular outcomes, accounting for these subtypes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We defined 3 sleep duration subtypes of excessive daytime sleepiness: normal (6-9hours), short (<6hours), and long (>9hours), and compared these with a nonsleepy, normal-sleep-duration reference group. We analyzed their associations with incident myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke using medical records of 355901 UK Biobank participants and performed 2-sample Mendelian randomization for each outcome. Compared with healthy sleep, long-sleep EDS was associated with an 83% increased rate of MI (hazard ratio, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.21-2.77]) during 8.2-year median follow-up, adjusting for multiple health and sociodemographic factors. Mendelian randomization analysis provided supporting evidence of a causal role for a genetic long-sleep EDS subtype in MI (inverse-variance weighted β=1.995, P=0.001). In contrast, we did not find evidence that other subtypes of EDS were associated with incident MI or any associations with stroke (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests the previous evidence linking EDS with increased cardiovascular disease risk may be primarily driven by the effect of its long-sleep subtype on higher risk of MI. Underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated but may involve sleep irregularity and circadian disruption, suggesting a need for novel interventions in this population.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Rubins, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
-
In Vivo Evaluation and Dosimetry Estimate for a High Affinity Affibody PET Tracer Targeting PD-L1
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Molecular Imaging and Biology. - : Springer. - 1536-1632 .- 1860-2002. ; 23, s. 241-249
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In vivo imaging of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) during immunotherapy could potentially monitor changing PD-L1 expression and PD-L1 expression heterogeneity within and across tumors. Some protein constructs can be used for same-day positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Previously, we evaluated the PD-L1-targeting Affibody molecule [F-18]AlF-NOTA-Z(PD-L1_1) as a PET tracer in a mouse tumor model of human PD-L1 expression. In this study, we evaluated the affinity-matured Affibody molecule Z(PD-L1_4), to determine if improved affinity for PD-L1 resulted in increased in vivo targeting of PD-L1.Procedures: Z(PD-L1_4) was conjugated with NOTA and radiolabeled with either [F-18]AlF or Ga-68. [F-18]AlF-NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4) and [Ga-68]NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4) were evaluated in immunocompromised mice with LOX (PD-L1+) and SUDHL6 (PD-L1-) tumors with PET and ex vivo biodistribution measurements. In addition, whole-body PET studies were performed in rhesus monkeys to predict human biodistribution in a model with tracer binding to endogenous PD-L1, and to calculate absorbed radiation doses.Results: Ex vivo biodistribution measurements showed that both tracers had > 25 fold higher accumulation in LOX tumors than SUDHL6 ([F-18]AlF-NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4): LOX: 8.7 +/- 0.7 %ID/g (N = 4) SUDHL6: 0.2 +/- 0.01 %ID/g (N = 6), [Ga-68]NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4): LOX: 15.8 +/- 1.0 %ID/g (N = 6) SUDHL6: 0.6 +/- 0.1 %ID/g (N = 6)), considerably higher than Z(PD-L1_1). In rhesus monkeys, both PET tracers showed fast clearance through kidneys and low background signal in the liver ([F-18]AlF-NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4): 1.26 +/- 0.13 SUV, [Ga-68]NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4): 1.11 +/- 0.06 SUV). PD-L1-expressing lymph nodes were visible in PET images, indicating in vivo PD-L1 targeting. Dosimetry estimates suggest that both PET tracers can be used for repeated clinical studies, although high kidney accumulation may limit allowable radioactive doses.Conclusions: [F-18]AlF-NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4) and [Ga-68]NOTA-Z(PD-L1_4) are promising candidates for same-day clinical PD-L1 PET imaging, warranting clinical evaluation. The ability to use either [F-18] or [Ga-68] may expand access to clinical sites.
|
|
